# Subtitle 19A – COVID-19 Laid-Off Employees Right of Recall

Current through 2026-07-17. Source: City of Balt., Md., Ord. 26-129. Published by the Baltimore City Department of Legislative Reference.

## § 19A-1 Definitions.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-1 (2026)

(a) In this subtitle, the follow terms have the meanings indicated.

(b) “Commercial property employer” means an owner, operator, manager, or lessee, including a contractor, subcontractor, or sublessee, of a non-residential property in the City that employs 25 or more janitorial, maintenance, or security service employees.

(c) “Commission” means the Wage Commission established by <cite data-path="|11|§2-1">§ 2-1 {“Commission established”} of this article</cite>, or the Commission’s designee.

(d) “Customary seasonal work” means work performed by an employee during approximately the same season of a calendar year, such as summer or winter.

(e)

  (1) “Employer” means a person that is any of the following, as defined in this section:

    (i) a commercial property employer;

    (ii) an event center employer; or

    (iii) a hotel employer.

  (2) “Employer” does not include a hospital as defined in State Health-General Article, § 19-301 {“Definitions: Hospital”}.

(f)

  (1) “Event center employer” means an owner, operator, or manager of a publicly or privately owned structure within the City that:

    (i) is used for public performances, sporting events, business meetings, or similar events; and

    (ii) either:

      (A) is 50,000 square feet or more in total area; or

      (B) has a seating capacity of 1,000 seats or more.

  (2)

    (i) An “event center employer” includes a concert hall, stadium, arena, racetrack, and convention center.

    (ii) An “event center employer” also includes any contracted, leased, or sublet premises connected to or operated in conjunction with the event center’s purpose, such as food preparation facilities, concessions, retail stores, restaurants, bars, and structured parking facilities.

  (3) “Event center employer” does not include the Maryland Stadium Authority.

(g)

  (1) “Hotel employer” means the owner, operator, or manager of a publicly or privately owned structure that:

    (i) is used for public lodging or other related service for the public; and

    (ii) either:

      (A) contains 50 or more guest rooms; or

      (B) has earned gross receipts in the 2019 tax year exceeding $5 million.

  (2) A “hotel employer” includes the owner, operator, manager, or lessee of any food service facility, as defined in <cite data-path="|health|6|1|6-101|(d)">§ 6-101(d) {“Definitions: Food service facility”}</cite> of the <cite data-path="|health">City Health Code, that is physically located on the hotel employer’s premises.</cite>

(h)

  (1) “Laid-off employee” means an individual:

    (i) who had a length of service with an employer of 90 days or more in the 12 months preceding their most recent separation from active service or failure to be scheduled for customary seasonable work from that employer;

    (ii) who performed, in a particular workweek, at least 2 hours of work within Baltimore City for that employer; and

    (iii) whose most recent separation from that employer from active service or failure to be scheduled for customary seasonal work occurred on or after March 5, 2020, as a result of a lack of business, a reduction in workforce, or any other economic and non-disciplinary reason.

  (2) There is a rebuttable presumption of fact that any termination occurring on or after March 5, 2020, was due to a non-disciplinary reason.

  (3) “Laid-off employee” does not include any individual who was, prior to his or her separation, a managerial, supervisory, or confidential employee.

  (4) With respect to commercial property employer, “laid-off employee” is limited to only the separated janitorial, maintenance, or security service employees of the commercial property employer.

(i) “Length of service” means the aggregate total period of time during which a laid-off employee had been in active service to an employer, including periods of time when the laid-off employee was on leave or on vacation.

(j)

*History: Ord. 20-480*

*History: Ord. 22-125*

## § 19A-2

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-2 (2026)

Reserved

## § 19A-3 Right of recall.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-3 (2026)

(a) An employer shall make an offer to a laid-off employee for any position which is or becomes available for which the laid-off employee is qualified as described in subsection (b) of this section.

(b)

  (1) A laid-off employee is qualified and must be offered a position with the employer under this section if the laid-off employee:

    (i) held the same or similar position at the same site of employment at the time of the laid-off employee’s most recent separation from active service with                                                   the employer; or

    (ii) has prior experience within the position or has the same skills required by the position and would not require additional training.

  (2) If more than 1 laid-off employee is entitled to preference for a position, the employer shall:

    (i) first offer the position, in order of seniority by length of service, to those laid-off employees described in paragraph (1)(i) of this subsection; and

    (ii) then offer the position, in order of seniority by length of service, to those laid-off employees described in paragraph (1)(ii) of this subsection.

  (3) An employer may make simultaneous, conditional offers of employment to multiple laid-off employees, with any final offers of employment conditioned on application of the priority set forth in subsection (b)(2) of this subtitle.

  (4) A laid-off employee who is offered a position under this section shall be given at least 5 business days in which to accept or decline the final offer.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

## § 19A-4

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-4 (2026)

Reserved

## § 19A-5 Retaliation prohibited.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-5 (2026)

(a) An employer may not discharge or reduce the compensation of any employee for:

  (1) making a complaint to the Commission alleging a violation of this subtitle; or

  (2) participating in any of the Commission’s proceedings concerning an alleged violation of this subtitle.

(b) If the Commission finds that an employer has violated subsection (a) of this section it may, pursuant to the procedures provided in § 19A-7 {“Enforcement procedures”} of subtitle, order appropriate restitution or the reinstatement of the employee with backpay to the date of the violation.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

## § 19A-6

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-6 (2026)

Reserved

## § 19A-7 Enforcement procedures.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-7 (2026)

(a) Any person subjected to a practice in violation of this subtitle, or any group or person seeking to enforce this subtitle, may file a written complaint with the Commission.

(b) A complaint filed under this section must:

  (1) be filed within 1 year of the alleged violation;

  (2) be filed under oath; and

  (3) include:

    (i) the particulars of the alleged violation;

    (ii) the name and address of the person alleged to have committed the violation; and

    (iii) any other information required by the Commission.

(c) The Commission, acting on its own initiative and without any complaint from a laid-off employee, may itself file a complaint against an employer whenever the Commission has reasonable cause to believe that the employer is or has been in violation of this subtitle.

(d) After the filing of a complaint, either by a person claiming to be aggrieved as set forth above or by the Commission, the Commission must:

  (1) investigate the facts alleged in the complaint; and

  (2) make a finding of probable cause or lack of probable cause for the complaint.

(e)

  (1) In enforcing this subtitle, the Commission may:

    (i) issue subpoenas to compel the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of books, papers, records, and documents relating to payroll records, or otherwise necessary for hearings, investigations, or proceedings; and

    (ii) administer oaths, subject to the penalties for perjury, to all witnesses.

  (2) Any subpoena issued under this subsection shall be served by:

    (i) the Sheriff of Baltimore City or any of the Sheriff’s deputies; or

    (ii) any other person authorized by the Maryland Rules of Procedure to effectuate in personam service.

(f)

  (1) In case of disobedience to a subpoena, the Commission may apply to a court of appropriate jurisdiction for an order requiring the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of books, papers, records, and documents.

  (2) The court, in case of contumacy or refusal to obey any subpoena issued under this section, after notice to the person subpoenaed, and upon finding that the attendance or testimony of the witnesses or the production of the books, papers, records, and documents, as the case may be, is relevant or necessary for a hearing, investigation, or proceeding of the Commission, may issue an order requiring the attendance and testimony of the sought witnesses and the production of the sought books, papers, records, and documents, or any of them.

  (3) Any failure to obey such an order of the court may be punished by the court as contempt.

(g) If the Commission finds that the complaint lacks probable cause, then it must dismiss the complaint and mail copies of its finding to the respondent and complainant.

(h)

  (1) If the Commission finds probable cause for the complaint, the Commission must attempt, by means of conference, to:

    (i) persuade the respondent to cease and desist its illegal action;

    (ii) reinstate any laid-off employees to their former positions as required by <cite data-path="|11|§19A-3">§ 19A-3 {“Right of recall”} of this subtitle</cite>; and

    (iii) order payment to laid-off employees of all wages and other compensation owed for the period of time that the employer was in violation of this subtitle, as provided in <cite data-path="|11|§19A-8">§ 19A-8 {“Penalties”} of this subtitle</cite>.

  (2) Any agreement reached between the respondent and the Commission must be reduced to writing and a copy of the agreement must be furnished to the complainant and the respondent.

(i)

  (1) The Commission may issue a final order on its own motion if:

    (i) the Commission and the  respondent fail to reach an agreement within 30 days of the date set for the probable cause conference, or

    (ii) the respondent fails to meet its obligations under an agreement with the Commission within the time specified in the agreement.

  (2) A final order issued under this subsection may:

    (i) require the reinstatement of a laid-off employee or employees wrongfully terminated in violation of <cite data-path="|11|§19A-3">§ 19A-3 {“Right of recall”} of this subtitle</cite>;

    (ii) require the respondent to pay each employee aggrieved in violation of <cite data-path="|11|§19A-3">§ 19A-3 {“Right of recall”} of this subtitle</cite> his or her lost wages and other compensation to the date of the violation, as provided in <cite data-path="|11|§19A-8">§ 19A-8 {“Penalties”} of this subtitle</cite>; and

    (iii) direct the cessation of all practices by the respondent that are contrary to the provisions of this subtitle or the rules and regulations of the Commission.

  (3) A copy of an order issued under this subtitle must be furnished to the respondent by registered mail within 3 days of its issuance.

(j)

  (1) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Commission may seek judicial review of that order by petition to the Circuit Court for Baltimore City in accordance with the Maryland Rules.

  (2) A party to the judicial review may appeal the court’s final judgment to the Court of Special Appeals in accordance with the Maryland Rules.

(k) If, within 30 days of the issuance of a final order under subsection (i) of this section, the respondent has failed to comply with the order, the Commission may certify the proceedings to the City Solicitor and request that the Solicitor petition the Circuit Court of Baltimore City to enforce the order.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

## § 19A-8 Penalties.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-8 (2026)

(a) The Commission may order any employer who commits a violation of this subtitle to:

  (1) pay to any aggrieved laid-off employee or employees the wages and other compensation lost as a result of the employer’s violation of § 19A-3 {“Right of recall”}, with interest computed at 10% per annum on wages and other monetary compensation due; and

  (2) reinstate any laid-off employee or employees under the conditions required by <cite data-path="|11|§19A-3">§ 19A-3 {“Right of recall”} of this subtitle</cite>.

(b)

  (1) Any employer that violates this subtitle shall forfeit and pay to the City of Baltimore a civil penalty as follows:

    (i) for a 1st offense, $250 for each violation;

    (ii) for a 2nd offense, $500 for each violation; and

    (iii) for each subsequent offense, $1,000 for each violation.

  (2) Each day that a violation continues constitutes a separate offense.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

## § 19A-9 Collective bargaining agreements.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-9 (2026)

Any or all of the provisions of this subtitle may be waived in a bona fide collective bargaining agreement, but only if the waiver is expressly set forth in clear and unmistakable terms.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

## § 19A-10 Waiver of subtitle prohibited.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-10 (2026)

(a) Except as provided in <cite data-path="|11|§19A-9">§ 19A-9 {“Collective bargaining agreements”} of this subtitle</cite>, an employee may not waive any provision of this subtitle.

(b) Any request by an employer to an employee to waive his or her rights under this subtitle is a violation of this subtitle.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

## § 19A-11 Rules and regulations.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-11 (2026)

Subject to Title 4 {“Administrative Procedure Act – Regulations”} of the <cite data-path="|general">City General Provisions Article</cite>, the Commission may adopt rules and regulations to implement this subtitle.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

*History: Text Conformed 02/18/21*

## § 19A-12 Report to Mayor and City Council.

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-12 (2026)

On or before June 30, 2022, the Wage Commission shall report to the Mayor and City Council on:

(1) the effectiveness of the provisions of this subtitle in protecting employees’ stability of employment;

(2) recommendations for additional protections that further the intent of this subtitle; and

(3) whether the provisions of this subtitle are still necessary based on the City’s recovery from the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

*History: Ord. 20-480*

## § 19A-13

Balt., Md., Code art. 11, § 19A-13 (2026)

Reserved