In this section, the following terms have the meanings indicated. “Animal fight” means any dogfight, cockfight, bullfight, or other combat between animals or between animals and humans. “Animal fighting paraphernalia” means any equipment, product, drug, or other substance or material of any kind that is used or intended or designed for use in the training, preparation, conditioning, or breeding for, in conducting, or otherwise in furtherance of an animal fight. “Animal fighting paraphernalia” includes:a “breaking stick” or similar device that is designed for insertion behind the molars of a dog for the purpose of breaking the dog’s grip on another animal or object; a “cat mill” or similar device that rotates around a central support with one arm designed to secure a dog and one arm designed to secure a cat, rabbit, or other small animal beyond the grasp of the dog; a treadmill or similar device that is designed for animal exercise consisting of an endless belt on which an animal walks or runs without changing places; a “springpole” or similar device with a biting surface attached to a stretchable device, suspended at a height sufficient to prevent an animal from reaching the biting surface while touching the ground; a “fighting pit”, walled area, or otherwise confined area that is used to contain an animal fight; a “breeding stand”, “rape stand”, or similar device that is used to immobilize female dogs for breeding purposes; and any other instrument or device that is commonly used in the training, preparation, conditioning, or breeding for, in conducting, or otherwise in furtherance of an animal fight. No person may:conduct, cause, attend, or participate in any animal fight; permit any animal that the person owns or keeps to participate in an animal fight; prepare any animal for an animal fight; wager on any animal fight; or breed animals to use them for fighting or to sell them for the purpose of fighting. No person may possess, sell, transfer, or manufacture any item of animal fighting paraphernalia with the intent to engage in or otherwise promote or facilitate an animal fight. To determine whether an object is an item of animal fighting paraphernalia, the court may consider, among other logically relevant factors, the following:any statement by an owner or a person in control of the object concerning its use; any prior conviction of an owner or a person in control of the object under a local, state, or federal law relating to animal cruelty or animal fighting; the proximity of the object, in time and space, to a direct violation of this section or to an animal; direct or circumstantial evidence of the intent of an owner or a person in control of the object to deliver it to another person who the owner or the person in control knows or should reasonably know intends to use the object to facilitate a violation of this section; any instructions, oral or written, provided with the object concerning its use; any descriptive materials accompanying the object that explain or depict its use; the manner in which the object is displayed for sale; the existence and scope of legitimate uses for the object in the community; expert testimony concerning use of the object; and any other verifiable information that indicates that the object is intended or designed for use in violation of this section. Each item of paraphernalia that is possessed, sold, transferred, or manufactured in violation of this section is a separate offense. City Code, 1976/83, art. 11, §32(b)(2nd cl.), art. 19, §10 Ord. 99-548 Ord. 11-573 Ord. 15-430