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<section article="gcj" article_name="Courts and Judicial Proceedings" number="10-105" title_number="10" title_name="Evidence" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Proof of Accounts and Records">
  <level label="a">
    <text>The provisions of this section apply to a civil action in:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>The District Court; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>A circuit court if the amount in controversy in the action in the circuit court does not exceed the amount specified in § 4-401 of this article for that type of action.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <level label="1">
      <level label="i">
        <text>Subject to the provisions of this section, a paid bill for goods or services is admissible without the testimony of the provider of the goods or services as evidence of the authenticity of the bill for goods or services provided and the fairness and reasonableness of the charges of the provider of the goods or services.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>A finder of fact may attach whatever weight to a paid bill that the finder of fact deems appropriate.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The bill shall be admitted on testimony, by the party or any other person with personal knowledge:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>Identifying the original bill or an authenticated copy; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <level label="1">
          <text>Identifying the provider of the goods or services;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>Explaining the circumstances surrounding the receipt of the bill;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="3">
          <text>Describing the goods or services provided;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="4">
          <text>Stating that the goods or services were provided in connection with the event giving rise to the action; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="5">
          <text>Stating that the bill was paid.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <level label="1">
      <text>Subsection (b) of this section applies only if, at least 60 days before the beginning of the trial, the party who intends to introduce the bill:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>Serves notice of the party’s intent to introduce the bill without the support of the testimony of the provider of the goods or services that were billed, a list that identifies each bill, and a copy of the bill on all other parties as provided under Maryland Rule 1-321; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>Files notice of service and the list that identifies each bill with the court.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The list required under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall include:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>The name of the provider of the goods and services for each bill; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>The date of each bill of the provider of the goods and services.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <text>Nothing contained in this section may be construed to:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>Apply to proof of the existence of a medical, dental, or other health condition, the opinion of a health care provider, or the necessity and the providing of medical, dental, or other health care;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>Limit the provisions of § 10-104 of this subtitle concerning the admissibility of a medical, dental, hospital, or other health care writing or record; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>Limit the right of a party to:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>Request a summons to compel the attendance of a witness;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>Examine a witness who appears at trial; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>Engage in discovery as provided under the Maryland Rules.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
</section>
