# Commercial Law (GCL)

## Title 1. General Provisions

### Subtitle 1. General Provisions

#### Section 1-101

(a) Titles 1 through 10 of this article may be cited as the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code.

(b) This title may be cited as Maryland Uniform Commercial Code - General Provisions.

#### Section 1-102

This title applies to a transaction to the extent that it is governed by another title of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code. 

#### Section 1-103

(a) The Maryland Uniform Commercial Code shall be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies.

(b) The underlying purposes and policies of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code are:

  (1) To simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions;

  (2) To permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom, usage, and agreement of the parties; and

  (3) To make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions.

(c) Unless displaced by the particular provisions of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent, estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy, or other validating or invalidating cause shall supplement its provisions, except that:

  (1) The age of majority as it pertains to the capacity to contract is 18 years of age; and

  (2) No person who is at least 18 years old shall be considered to be without capacity by reason of age.

#### Section 1-104

The Maryland Uniform Commercial Code being a general act intended as a unified coverage of its subject matter, no part of it shall be deemed to be impliedly repealed by subsequent legislation if such construction can reasonably be avoided.

#### Section 1-105

If any provision or clause of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code or its application to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code that can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code are severable.

#### Section 1-106

In the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code, unless the context otherwise requires:

(1) Words in the singular number include the plural, and those in the plural include the singular; and

(2) Words of any gender also refer to any other gender.

#### Section 1-107

Section captions are part of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code.

#### Section 1-108

This title modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, 15 U.S.C. Sec. 7001 et seq., except that nothing in this title modifies, limits, or supersedes Sec. 7001(c) of that Act or authorizes electronic delivery of any of the notices described in Sec. 7003(b) of that Act.

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Md. Code Ann., Com. Law (as displayed at mgaleg.maryland.gov, October 16, 2026)