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<section article="gcl" article_name="Commercial Law" number="12-309" title_number="12" title_name="Credit Regulations" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Consumer Loans -- Credit Provisions">
  <level label="a">
    <text>If a lender makes a loan for the purpose of enabling a borrower to buy goods or services used primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, then, in addition to any other claim or defense which the borrower has under this subtitle, the lender is subject to the claims and defenses of the borrower against the seller arising from the sale of the goods or services, if:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>The lender knows that the seller arranged for the extension of credit by the lender; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The lender otherwise knowingly participated in the sale.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <text>In determining that a lender knowingly participated in a sale transaction, the following factors, among others, may be considered:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>The lender was a person related to the seller, unless the relationship was remote or was not a factor in the sale or loan;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The proceeds of the loan were made payable in whole or in part to the seller;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>The lender took a purchase-money security interest in the goods which were the subject of the sale;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>The seller guaranteed the loan or otherwise assumed the risk of loss by the lender on the loan;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="5">
      <text>The lender directly supplied to the seller a form used by the borrower to evidence or secure the loan; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="6">
      <text>The loan was conditioned on purchase by the borrower of the goods or services from the particular seller, but the payment by the lender of any proceeds of the loan to the seller does not establish in itself that the loan was so conditioned.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <level label="1">
      <text>The liability of a lender under this section may not exceed the amount owed to the lender with respect to the sale at the time the lender has notice of a claim or defense of the buyer against the seller.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>If two or more loans are consolidated, the maximum amount owed to the lender under paragraph (1) of this subsection is determined as follows:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>If the consolidated loans arose from sales made on the same day, the payments received after the consolidation are considered to be applied first to the smallest loan; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>In any other case, the payments received after the consolidation are considered to be applied first to payment of the loan first made.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <text>The lender is subrogated to each right and remedy which the borrower has against the seller.</text>
  </level>
</section>
