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<section article="gcl" article_name="Commercial Law" number="9-310" title_number="9" title_name="Secured Transactions" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Perfection and Priority">
  <level label="a">
    <text>Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) and § 9-312(b), a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural liens.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <text>The filing of a financing statement is not necessary to perfect a security interest:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>That is perfected under § 9-308(d), (e), (f), or (g);</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>That is perfected under § 9-309 when it attaches;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>In property subject to a statute, regulation, or treaty described in § 9-311(a);</text>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>In goods in possession of a bailee which is perfected under § 9-312(d)(1) or (2);</text>
    </level>
    <level label="5">
      <text>In certificated securities, documents, goods, or instruments which is perfected without filing, control, or possession under § 9-312(e), (f), or (g);</text>
    </level>
    <level label="6">
      <text>In collateral in the secured party’s possession under § 9-313;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="7">
      <text>In a certificated security which is perfected by delivery of the security certificate to the secured party under § 9-313;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="8">
      <text>In deposit accounts, electronic chattel paper, electronic documents, investment property, or letter-of-credit rights which is perfected by control under § 9-314;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="9">
      <text>In proceeds which is perfected under § 9-315; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="10">
      <text>That is perfected under § 9-316.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <text>If a secured party assigns a perfected security interest or agricultural lien, a filing under this article is not required to continue the perfected status of the security interest against creditors of and transferees from the original debtor.</text>
  </level>
</section>
