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<section article="gcp" article_name="Criminal Procedure" number="12-101" title_number="12" title_name="Forfeiture -- Controlled Dangerous Substances Violations" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Definitions; Property Subject to Forfeiture">
  <level label="a">
    <text>In this title the following words have the meanings indicated.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <text>“Chief executive officer” means:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>for Baltimore City, the Mayor;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>for a charter county, the county executive or, if there is no county executive, the county council;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>for a code county, the county commissioners or county council;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>for a county commissioner county, the county commissioners; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="5">
      <text>for a municipal corporation, the legislative body established by municipal charter.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <text>“Controlled Dangerous Substances law” means Title 5 of the Criminal Law Article.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <text>“Convicted” means found guilty.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="e">
    <text>“Final disposition” means a dismissal, entry of a nolle prosequi, the marking of a criminal charge “stet” on the docket, entry of a not guilty verdict, the pronouncement of sentence, or imposition of probation under § 6-220 of this article.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="f">
    <text>“Forfeiting authority” means:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>the unit or person designated by agreement between the State’s Attorney for a county and the chief executive officer of the governing body having jurisdiction over assets subject to forfeiture to act on behalf of the governing body regarding those assets; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>if the seizing authority is a unit of the State, a unit or person that the Attorney General or the Attorney General’s designee designates by agreement with a State’s Attorney, county attorney, or municipal attorney to act on behalf of the State regarding assets subject to forfeiture by the State.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="g">
    <text>“Governing body” includes:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>the State, if the seizing authority is a unit of the State;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>a county, if the seizing authority is a unit of a county;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>a municipal corporation, if the seizing authority is a unit of a municipality; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>Baltimore City, if the seizing authority is the Police Department of Baltimore City.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="h">
    <text>“Lien” includes a mortgage, deed of trust, pledge, security interest, encumbrance, or right of setoff.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="i">
    <text>“Lienholder” means a person who has a lien or a secured interest on property created before the seizure.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="j">
    <text>“Local financial authority” means:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>if the seizing authority is a unit of a county, the treasurer or director of finance of the county; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>if the seizing authority is a unit of a municipal corporation, the treasurer or director of finance of that municipal corporation.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="k">
    <level label="1">
      <text>“Owner” means a person having a legal, equitable, or possessory interest in property.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>“Owner” includes:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>a co-owner;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>a life tenant;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>a remainderman to a life tenancy in real property;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iv">
        <text>a holder of an inchoate interest in real property; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="v">
        <text>a bona fide purchaser for value.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="l">
    <text>“Proceeds” includes property derived directly or indirectly in connection with or as a result of a crime under the Controlled Dangerous Substances law.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="m">
    <level label="1">
      <text>“Property” includes:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>real property and anything growing on or attached to real property;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>tangible and intangible personal property, including:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>securities;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>negotiable and nonnegotiable instruments;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="3">
          <text>vehicles and conveyances of any type;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="4">
          <text>privileges;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="5">
          <text>interests;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="6">
          <text>claims; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="7">
          <text>rights;</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>an item, object, tool, substance, device, or weapon used in connection with a crime under the Controlled Dangerous Substances law; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iv">
        <text>money.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>“Property” does not include:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>an item unlawfully in the possession of a person other than the owner when used in connection with a crime under the Controlled Dangerous Substances law; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>a lessor’s interest in property subject to a bona fide lease, unless the forfeiting authority can show that the lessor participated in a crime under the Controlled Dangerous Substances law or that the property was the proceeds of a crime under the Controlled Dangerous Substances law.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="n">
    <level label="1">
      <text>“Real property” means land or an improvement to land.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>“Real property” includes:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>a leasehold or other limited interest in real property;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>an easement; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>a reversionary interest in a 99-year ground lease renewable forever.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="o">
    <text>“Seizing authority” means a law enforcement unit in the State that is authorized to investigate violations of the Controlled Dangerous Substances law and that has seized property under this title.</text>
  </level>
</section>
