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<section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="3-805" title_number="3" title_name="Other Crimes Against the Person" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Stalking and Harassment">
  <level label="a">
    <level label="1">
      <text>In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>“Electronic communication” means the act of transmitting any information, data, writing, image, or communication by the use of a computer or any other electronic means, including a communication that involves the use of e–mail, an instant messaging service, an Internet website, a social media application, a network call, a facsimile machine, or any other Internet–based communication tool.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>“Electronic conduct” means the use of a computer or a computer network to:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>build a fake social media profile;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>pose as another, including a fictitious person in an electronic communication;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>disseminate or encourage others to disseminate information concerning the sexual activity, as defined in § 3–809 of this subtitle, of a minor;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iv">
        <text>disseminate a real or doctored image of a minor;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="v">
        <text>engage or encourage others to engage in the repeated, continuing, or sustained use of electronic communication to contact a minor;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="vi">
        <text>make a statement to provoke a third party to stalk or harass a minor; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="vii">
        <text>subscribe a minor to a pornographic website.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>“Instant messaging service” means a computer service allowing two or more users to communicate with each other in real time.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="5">
      <text>“Interactive computer service” means an information service, system, or access software provider that provides or enables computer access by multiple users to a computer server, including a system that provides access to the Internet and cellular phones.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="6">
      <text>“Social media application” means any program, software, or website that allows a person to become a registered user for the purpose of establishing personal relationships with one or more other users through:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>direct or real–time communication; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>the creation of websites or profiles capable of being viewed by the public or other users.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="7">
      <text>“Social media profile” means a website or profile created using a social media application.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <level label="1">
      <text>A person may not maliciously engage in a course of conduct, through the use of electronic communication, that alarms or seriously annoys another:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>with the intent to harass, alarm, or annoy the other;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>after receiving a reasonable warning or request to stop by or on behalf of the other; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>without a legal purpose.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>A person may not use an interactive computer service to maliciously engage in a course of conduct that inflicts serious emotional distress on a minor or places a minor in reasonable fear of death or serious bodily injury with the intent:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>to kill, injure, harass, or cause serious emotional distress to the minor; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>to place the minor in reasonable fear of death or serious bodily injury.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>A person may not maliciously engage in an electronic communication if:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>the electronic communication is part of a series of communications and has the effect of:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>intimidating or harassing a minor; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>causing physical injury or serious emotional distress to a minor; and</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>the person engaging in the electronic communication intends to:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>intimidate or harass the minor; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>cause physical injury or serious emotional distress to the minor.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>A person may not maliciously engage in a single significant act or course of conduct using an electronic communication if:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>the person’s conduct, when considered in its entirety, has the effect of:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>intimidating or harassing a minor; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>causing physical injury or serious emotional distress to a minor;</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>the person intends to:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>intimidate or harass the minor; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>cause physical injury or serious emotional distress to the minor; and</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>in the case of a single significant act, the communication:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>is made after receiving a reasonable warning or request to stop;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>is sent with a reasonable expectation that the recipient would share the communication with a third party; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="3">
          <text>shocks the conscience.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="5">
      <text>A person may not maliciously engage in electronic conduct if:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>the act of electronic conduct has the effect of:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>intimidating or harassing a minor; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>causing physical injury or serious emotional distress to a minor; and</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>the person intends to:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>intimidate or harass the minor; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>cause physical injury or serious emotional distress to the minor.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="6">
      <text>A person may not violate this section with the intent to induce a minor to commit suicide.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <text>It is not a violation of this section for any of the following persons to provide information, facilities, or technical assistance to another who is authorized by federal or State law to intercept or provide electronic communication or to conduct surveillance of electronic communication, if a court order directs the person to provide the information, facilities, or technical assistance:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>a provider of electronic communication;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>an officer, employee, agent, landlord, or custodian of a provider of electronic communication; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>a person specified in a court order directing the provision of information, facilities, or technical assistance to another who is authorized by federal or State law to intercept or provide electronic communication or to conduct surveillance of electronic communication.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <text>Subsection (b)(1) through (5) of this section does not apply to a peaceable activity:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>intended to express a political view or provide information to others; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>conducted for a lawful purpose.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="e">
    <level label="1">
      <text>A person who violates subsection (b)(1), (2), (3), (4), or (5) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>A person who violates subsection (b)(6) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
</section>
