<section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-101" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Perjury"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not willfully and falsely make an oath or affirmation as to a material fact:</text> <level label="1"> <text>if the false swearing is perjury at common law;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>in an affidavit required by any state, federal, or local law;</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>in an affidavit made to induce a court or officer to pass an account or claim;</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>in an affidavit required by any state, federal, or local government or governmental official with legal authority to require the issuance of an affidavit; or</text> </level> <level label="5"> <text>in an affidavit or affirmation made under the Maryland Rules.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of the misdemeanor of perjury and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>If a person makes an oath or affirmation to two contradictory statements, each of which, if false, is prohibited by subsection (a) of this section, it is sufficient to allege, and for conviction to prove, that one of the statements is willfully false without specifying which one.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>If the two contradictory statements made in violation of paragraph (1) of this subsection are made in different counties, the violation may be prosecuted in either county.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-102" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Perjury"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not procure another to commit perjury as prohibited by § 9-101 of this subtitle.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of the misdemeanor of subornation of perjury and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-103" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Perjury"> <level label="a"> <text>An indictment, information, or other charging document for perjury in violation of § 9-101(a) of this subtitle is sufficient if it substantially states:</text> <text>“(name of defendant) on (date) in (county), on examination as a witness, duly sworn to testify in (proceeding) by (court or other person administering oath) with authority to administer the oath, willfully, unlawfully, and falsely swore (facts), the matters so sworn were material, and the testimony of (name of defendant) was willfully and corruptly false, in violation of (section violated) against the peace, government, and dignity of the State.”.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>An indictment, information, or other charging document for perjury in violation of § 9-101(c) of this subtitle is sufficient if it substantially states:</text> <text>“(name of defendant) in (county), on examination as a witness, duly sworn to testify in (proceeding) by (court or other person administering oath) with authority to administer the oath, on (date 1) willfully swore (facts 1) and on (date 1 or 2)(in county 1 or 2) willfully swore (facts 2), and that the matters so sworn are material, and at least one of the two contradictory statements was willfully false, in violation of (section violated) against the peace, government, and dignity of the State.”.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-201" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="2" subtitle_name="Bribery"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Political subdivision” includes a:</text> <level label="i"> <text>county;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>municipal corporation;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>bi–county or multicounty agency;</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>county board of education;</text> </level> <level label="v"> <text>public authority; or</text> </level> <level label="vi"> <text>special taxing district that is not a homeowners association.</text> </level> </level> <level label="3"> <level label="i"> <text>“Public employee” means an officer or employee of:</text> <level label="1"> <text>the State; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a political subdivision of the State.</text> </level> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>“Public employee” includes:</text> <level label="1"> <text>an executive officer of the State;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a judge of the State;</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>a judicial officer of the State;</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>a member or officer of the General Assembly;</text> </level> <level label="5"> <text>a member of the police force of Baltimore City or the Department of State Police; and</text> </level> <level label="6"> <text>a member, officer, or executive officer of a political subdivision.</text> </level> </level> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not bribe or attempt to bribe a public employee to influence the public employee in the performance of an official duty of the public employee.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A public employee may not demand or receive a bribe, fee, reward, or testimonial to:</text> <level label="1"> <text>influence the performance of the official duties of the public employee; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>neglect or fail to perform the official duties of the public employee.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of the misdemeanor of bribery and on conviction:</text> <level label="1"> <text>is subject to imprisonment for not less than 2 years and not exceeding 12 years or a fine not less than $5,000 and not exceeding $25,000 or both;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>may not vote; and</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>may not hold an office of trust or profit in the State.</text> </level> </level> <level label="e"> <text>A person who violates this section is subject to § 5–106(b) of the Courts Article.</text> </level> <level label="f"> <level label="1"> <text>A person who violates this section:</text> <level label="i"> <text>is a competent witness; and</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, may be compelled to testify against any person who may have violated this section.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person compelled to testify for the State under paragraph (1) of this subsection is immune from prosecution for a crime about which the person was compelled to testify.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-202" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="2" subtitle_name="Bribery"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not bribe or attempt to bribe a juror for rendering a verdict.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A juror may not accept a bribe for rendering a verdict.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction:</text> <level label="1"> <text>is subject to imprisonment for not less than 18 months and not exceeding 6 years; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>may not serve on a jury in the future.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-203" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="2" subtitle_name="Bribery"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>A person, including a candidate for office, may not give or directly or indirectly promise a gift or reward to secure a vote or a ballot at an election under the Constitution and laws of the State.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person may not keep or allow to be kept a house or other accommodation in the State on an election day where, before the close of the election, the person, at the person’s expense, gratuitously provides alcoholic beverages to voters.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to:</text> <level label="1"> <text>imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>any other penalties applicable under the Constitution.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-204" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="2" subtitle_name="Bribery"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not bribe or attempt to bribe another who is participating in or connected with an athletic contest held in the State.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of the misdemeanor of bribery and on conviction is subject to imprisonment for not less than 6 months and not exceeding 3 years or a fine not less than $100 and not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is subject to § 5-106(b) of the Courts Article.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <level label="1"> <text>A person:</text> <level label="i"> <text>may not refuse to testify concerning a conspiracy to violate this section; but</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>may be compelled to testify against any person who may have conspired to violate this section.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person compelled to testify under paragraph (1) of this subsection is a competent witness.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>A person compelled to testify for the State under this section is immune from prosecution for a crime about which the person was compelled to testify.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-205" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="2" subtitle_name="Bribery"> <level label="a"> <text>A person participating in or connected with an athletic contest may not accept a bribe to alter the outcome of the athletic contest.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-301" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Obstructing Justice"> <level label="a"> <text>In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>“Official proceeding” includes a criminal trial, a hearing related to a criminal trial or adjudicatory hearing, a grand jury proceeding, and any other proceeding that is part of a criminal action or juvenile delinquency case.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>“Victim” means a person against whom a crime or delinquent act has been committed or attempted.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>“Witness” means a person who:</text> <level label="1"> <text>has knowledge of the existence of facts relating to a crime or delinquent act;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>makes a declaration under oath that is received as evidence for any purpose;</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>has reported a crime or delinquent act to a law enforcement officer, prosecutor, intake officer, correctional officer, or judicial officer; or</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>has been served with a subpoena issued under the authority of a court of this State, any other state, or the United States.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-302" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Obstructing Justice"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not harm another, threaten to harm another, or damage or destroy property with the intent to:</text> <level label="1"> <text>influence a victim or witness to testify falsely or withhold testimony; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>induce a victim or witness:</text> <level label="i"> <text>to avoid the service of a subpoena or summons to testify;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>to be absent from an official proceeding to which the victim or witness has been subpoenaed or summoned; or</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>not to report the existence of facts relating to a crime or delinquent act.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not solicit another person to harm another, threaten to harm another, or damage or destroy property with the intent to:</text> <level label="1"> <text>influence a victim or witness to testify falsely or withhold testimony; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>induce a victim or witness:</text> <level label="i"> <text>to avoid the service of a subpoena or summons to testify;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>to be absent from an official proceeding to which the victim or witness has been subpoenaed or summoned; or</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>not to report the existence of facts relating to a crime or delinquent act.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>If the testimony, subpoena, official proceeding, or report involving the victim or witness relates to a felonious violation of Title 5 of this article or the commission of a crime of violence as defined in § 14–101 of this article, or a conspiracy or solicitation to commit such a crime, a person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 20 years.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A sentence imposed under this section may be separate from and consecutive to or concurrent with a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing the violation of this section.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-303" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Obstructing Justice"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not intentionally harm another, threaten to harm another, or damage or destroy property with the intent of retaliating against:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a victim or witness for:</text> <level label="i"> <text>giving testimony in an official proceeding; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>reporting a crime or delinquent act;</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a juror for any reason relating to the performance of the juror’s official duties in a pending or completed case in a court of the State or the United States; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>an officer of the court of the State or the United States for any reason relating to the performance of the officer’s official duties in a pending or completed case.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not solicit another person to intentionally harm another, threaten to harm another, or damage or destroy property with the intent of retaliating against:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a victim or witness for:</text> <level label="i"> <text>giving testimony in an official proceeding; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>reporting a crime or delinquent act;</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a juror for any reason relating to the performance of the juror’s official duties in a pending or completed case in a court of the State or the United States; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>an officer of the court of the State or the United States for any reason relating to the performance of the officer’s official duties in a pending or completed case.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>If the official proceeding or report described in subsection (a) of this section relates to a felonious violation of Title 5 of this article or the commission of a crime of violence as defined in § 14–101 of this article, or a conspiracy or solicitation to commit such a crime, a person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 20 years.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A sentence imposed under this section may be separate from and consecutive to or concurrent with a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing the violation of this section.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-304" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Obstructing Justice"> <level label="a"> <text>A finding of good cause under this section may be based on any relevant evidence including credible hearsay.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <level label="1"> <text>For good cause shown, a court with jurisdiction over a criminal matter or juvenile delinquency case may pass an order that is reasonably necessary to stop or prevent:</text> <level label="i"> <text>the intimidation of a victim or witness; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a violation of this subtitle.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>The order may:</text> <level label="i"> <text>prohibit a person from violating this subtitle;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>require an individual to maintain a certain physical distance from another person specified by the court;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>prohibit a person from communicating with another individual specified by the court, except through an attorney or other individual specified by the court; and</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>impose other reasonable conditions to ensure the safety of a victim or witness.</text> </level> </level> <level label="3"> <text>The court may hold a hearing to determine if an order should be issued under this subsection.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>The court may use its contempt power to enforce an order issued under this section.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>The court may revoke the pretrial release of a defendant or child respondent to ensure the safety of a victim or witness or the integrity of the judicial process if the defendant or child respondent violates an order passed under this section.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A District Court commissioner or an intake officer, as defined in § 3-8A-01 of the Courts Article, may impose for good cause shown a condition described in subsection (b)(2) of this section as a condition of the pretrial release of a defendant or child respondent.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-305" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Obstructing Justice"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not, by threat, force, or corrupt means, try to influence, intimidate, or impede a juror, a witness, or an officer of a court of the State or of the United States in the performance of the person’s official duties.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not solicit another person to, by threat, force, or corrupt means, try to influence, intimidate, or impede a juror, a witness, or an officer of the court of the State or of the United States in the performance of the person’s official duties.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>If an act described in subsection (a) of this section is taken in connection with a proceeding involving a felonious violation of Title 5 of this article or the commission of a crime of violence as defined in § 14–101 of this article, or a conspiracy or solicitation to commit such a crime, a person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 20 years.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A sentence imposed under this section may be separate from and consecutive to or concurrent with a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing the violation of this section.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-306" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Obstructing Justice"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not, by threat, force, or corrupt means, obstruct, impede, or try to obstruct or impede the administration of justice in a court of the State.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-307" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="3" subtitle_name="Obstructing Justice"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not destroy, alter, conceal, or remove physical evidence that the person believes may be used in a pending or future official proceeding with the intent to impair the verity or availability of the physical evidence in the official proceeding.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not fabricate physical evidence in order to impair the verity of the physical evidence with the intent to deceive and that the fabricated physical evidence be introduced in a pending or future official proceeding.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person may not introduce physical evidence in an official proceeding if the person knows that the evidence has been altered or fabricated with the intent to deceive in order to impair the verity of the physical evidence.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-401" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>“Concealment” means hiding, secreting, or keeping out of sight.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>“Escape” retains its judicially determined meaning.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>“Fugitive” means an individual for whom a felony arrest warrant has been issued and is outstanding.</text> </level> <level label="e"> <level label="1"> <text>“Harbor” includes offering a fugitive or escaped incarcerated individual:</text> <level label="i"> <text>concealment;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>lodging;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>care after concealment; or</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>obstruction of an effort of an authority to arrest the fugitive or escaped incarcerated individual.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Harbor” does not include failing to reveal the whereabouts of a fugitive or an escaped incarcerated individual by a person who did not participate in the effort of the fugitive or escaped incarcerated individual to elude arrest.</text> </level> </level> <level label="f"> <text>“Hardware secure facility” means a facility that is securely locked or fenced to prevent escape.</text> </level> <level label="g"> <level label="1"> <text>“Place of confinement” means:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a correctional facility;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a facility of the Maryland Department of Health; or</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>any other facility in which a person is confined under color of law.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Place of confinement” does not include:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a detention center for juveniles;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a facility for juveniles listed in § 9–226(b) of the Human Services Article;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>a place identified in a juvenile community detention order; or</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>a privately operated, hardware secure facility for juveniles committed to the Department of Juvenile Services.</text> </level> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-402" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>This section does not apply if the warrant is for a traffic offense.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not harbor a fugitive to prevent the fugitive’s discovery or arrest after:</text> <level label="1"> <text>being notified, or otherwise knowing, that a felony warrant was issued for the arrest of the fugitive; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>being notified that harboring the fugitive is a crime.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person may not knowingly harbor a fugitive who is avoiding:</text> <level label="1"> <text>prosecution;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>custody; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>confinement after conviction of a felony.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-403" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not willfully harbor an incarcerated individual, who was imprisoned for a felony and who escaped from the custody of the Division of Correction or other correctional unit to which the incarcerated individual has been committed, after:</text> <level label="1"> <text>being notified, or otherwise knowing, that the incarcerated individual escaped; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>being notified that harboring the incarcerated individual is a crime.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-404" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not knowingly escape from a place of confinement.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>escape from:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a detention center for juveniles;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a facility for juveniles listed in § 9–226(b) of the Human Services Article;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>a place identified in a juvenile community detention order; or</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>a privately operated, hardware secure facility for juveniles committed to the Department of Juvenile Services; and</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>in the course of the escape commit an assault.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of the felony of escape in the first degree and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $20,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-405" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>A person who has been lawfully arrested may not knowingly depart from custody without the authorization of a law enforcement or judicial officer.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person may not knowingly fail to obey a court order to report to a place of confinement.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>A person may not escape from:</text> <level label="i"> <text>except as otherwise punishable under § 9–404(b) of this subtitle, a detention center for juveniles or a facility for juveniles listed in § 9–226(b) of the Human Services Article;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a place identified in a home detention order or agreement;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>a place identified in a juvenile community detention order; or</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>a privately operated, hardware secure facility for juveniles committed to the Department of Juvenile Services.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <level label="1"> <text>This subsection applies to a person who is:</text> <level label="i"> <text>temporarily released from a place of confinement;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>committed to a pretrial agency;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>committed to home detention by:</text> <level label="1"> <text>the court; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>the Division of Correction under Title 3, Subtitle 4 of the Correctional Services Article;</text> </level> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>committed to a home detention program administered by a county;</text> </level> <level label="v"> <text>released to a private home detention monitoring agency as defined in § 20–101 of the Business Occupations and Professions Article; or</text> </level> <level label="vi"> <text>ordered by a court to serve a term of custodial confinement as defined in § 6–219 of the Criminal Procedure Article as a condition of a suspended sentence or probation before or after judgment.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person may not knowingly:</text> <level label="i"> <text>violate any restriction on movement imposed under the terms of a temporary release, pretrial commitment, custodial confinement, or home detention order or agreement;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>fail to return to a place of confinement under the terms of a temporary release, pretrial commitment, custodial confinement, or home detention order or agreement; or</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>remove, block, deactivate, or otherwise tamper with a monitoring device required to be worn or carried by the person to track the person’s location, including an ankle or wrist bracelet, global position satellite offender tracking technology, or comparable equipment or system.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of the misdemeanor of escape in the second degree and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-406" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <text>Voluntary intoxication is not a defense to a charge of escape under this subtitle.</text> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-407" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <text>A sentence imposed for a violation of § 9-404 or § 9-405 of this subtitle:</text> <level label="1"> <text>shall be consecutive to any term of confinement being served or to be served at the time of the escape;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>may not be suspended; and</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>may include the entry of a judgment for all reasonable expenses incurred in returning the person to the place of confinement if the person has received timely notice of and an opportunity to contest the accuracy of the expenses allegedly owed.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-408" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>In this section, “police officer” means an individual who is authorized to make an arrest under Title 2 of the Criminal Procedure Article.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not intentionally:</text> <level label="1"> <text>resist a lawful arrest; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>interfere with an individual who the person has reason to know is a police officer who is making or attempting to make a lawful arrest or detention of another person.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>The unit of prosecution for a violation of this section is based on the arrest or detention regardless of the number of police officers involved in the arrest or detention.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-410" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>In this part the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>“Alcoholic beverage” means beer, wine, or distilled spirits.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>“Contraband” means any item, material, substance, or other thing that:</text> <level label="1"> <text>is not authorized for incarcerated individual possession by the managing official; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>is brought into the correctional facility in a manner prohibited by the managing official.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>“Controlled dangerous substance” has the meaning stated in § 5–101 of this article.</text> </level> <level label="e"> <text>“Managing official” means the administrator, director, warden, superintendent, sheriff, or other individual responsible for the management of a place of confinement.</text> </level> <level label="f"> <level label="1"> <text>“Place of confinement” means:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a correctional facility;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a facility of the Maryland Department of Health;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>a detention center for juveniles;</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>a facility for juveniles listed in § 9–226(b) of the Human Services Article;</text> </level> <level label="v"> <text>a place identified in a juvenile community detention order; or</text> </level> <level label="vi"> <text>any other facility in which a person is confined under color of law.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Place of confinement” does not include a place identified in a home detention order or agreement.</text> </level> </level> <level label="g"> <level label="1"> <text>“Telecommunication device” means:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a device that is able to transmit telephonic, electronic, digital, cellular, or radio communications; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a part of a device that is able to transmit telephonic, electronic, digital, cellular, or radio communications, regardless of whether the part itself is able to transmit.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Telecommunication device” includes a cellular telephone, digital telephone, picture telephone, and modem equipped device.</text> </level> </level> <level label="h"> <text>“Weapon” means a gun, knife, club, explosive, or other article that can be used to kill or inflict bodily injury.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-411" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <text>This part does not apply to a drug or substance that is legally possessed by an individual under a written prescription issued by a person authorized by law and designated by the managing official to prescribe incarcerated individual medication.</text> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-412" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>deliver any contraband to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>possess any contraband with intent to deliver it to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>knowingly possess contraband in a place of confinement.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-413" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>A person may not deliver contraband to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement with the intent to effect an escape.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person may not possess contraband with the intent to deliver it to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement to effect an escape.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>A person may not deposit or conceal any contraband in or about a place of confinement or on any land appurtenant to the place of confinement to effect an escape.</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>A person detained or confined in a place of confinement may not knowingly possess or receive contraband to effect an escape.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-414" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>A person may not deliver a weapon to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person may not possess a weapon with the intent to deliver it to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>A person may not deposit or conceal a weapon in or about a place of confinement or on any land appurtenant to the place of confinement to effect an escape.</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>A person detained or confined in a place of confinement may not knowingly possess or receive a weapon.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-415" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>This section does not apply to an alcoholic beverage delivered or possessed in a manner authorized by the managing official.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>deliver an alcoholic beverage to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>possess an alcoholic beverage with the intent to deliver it to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person detained or confined in a place of confinement may not knowingly possess or receive an alcoholic beverage.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-416" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>deliver a controlled dangerous substance to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>possess a controlled dangerous substance with the intent to deliver it to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person detained or confined in a place of confinement may not knowingly possess or receive a controlled dangerous substance.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-417" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <text>This section does not apply to a work release or prerelease program in Montgomery County established under § 11–717 of the Correctional Services Article.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <level label="1"> <text>A person may not deliver or attempt to deliver a telecommunication device, telecommunication device charger, or subscriber identification module (SIM) card to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement with signs posted indicating that such conduct is prohibited.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person may not possess a telecommunication device, telecommunication device charger, or SIM card with the intent to deliver it to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement with signs posted indicating that such conduct is prohibited.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>A person may not deposit or conceal a telecommunication device, telecommunication device charger, or SIM card in or about a place of confinement with signs posted indicating that such conduct is prohibited or on any land appurtenant to the place of confinement with the intent that it be obtained by a person detained or confined in the place of confinement.</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>A person detained or confined in a place of confinement may not knowingly possess or receive a telecommunication device, telecommunication device charger, or SIM card.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $3,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A sentence imposed for a violation of subsection (b)(4) of this section shall be consecutive to any sentence that the person was serving at the time of the crime or that had been imposed but was not yet being served at the time of sentencing.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-417.1" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Aircraft” means a device that is used or intended to be used for flight in the air.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>“Unmanned aircraft” means an aircraft that is operated without the possibility of direct human intervention from within or on the aircraft.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not deliver any contraband to a person detained or confined in a place of confinement using an unmanned aircraft.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A correctional facility shall post signage warning of the provisions of this section on the exterior of the property in an area visible to the general public.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-418" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="4" subtitle_name="Harboring, Escape, and Contraband"> <text>A sentence imposed under this part may be separate from and consecutive to or concurrent with a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing the crime under this part.</text> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-501" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not make, or cause to be made, a statement, report, or complaint that the person knows to be false as a whole or in material part, to a law enforcement officer of the State, of a county, municipal corporation, or other political subdivision of the State, or of the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Police with intent to deceive and to cause an investigation or other action to be taken as a result of the statement, report, or complaint.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-501.1" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Emergency” means a condition that:</text> <level label="i"> <text>poses an imminent threat to public safety; and</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>results in, or is likely to result in:</text> <level label="1"> <text>the response of a public official; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>the evacuation of an area, a building, a structure, a vehicle, or any other place.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="3"> <text>“Governmental emergency report recipient” means:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a peace officer;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a police agency of the State or a unit of local government;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>a person involved in the operation of a public safety answering point, as defined in § 1–301 of the Public Safety Article; or</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>any other government employee or contractor who is authorized to receive reports of a crime or an emergency.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <level label="1"> <text>A person may not make, or cause to be made, a statement, report, or complaint of an emergency or alleging the commission of a crime that the person knows to be false as a whole or in material part to a governmental emergency report recipient with reckless disregard of causing bodily harm to an individual as a direct result of a response to the statement, report, or complaint.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A person may not violate paragraph (1) of this subsection by making a false statement, report, or complaint alleging the commission of a crime if the result of the statement, report, or complaint is a response from law enforcement and serious physical injury to a person or the death of a person as a proximate result of lawful conduct arising out of the response.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, a person who violates subsection (b)(1) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $2,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, a person who violates subsection (b)(2) of this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $20,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>A first–time violation of this section by a minor is a civil offense subject to the procedures and dispositions provided in Title 3, Subtitle 8A of the Courts Article.</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>In addition to any other penalty provided in this subsection, a court, in imposing a sentence on a person convicted of violating this section, may order the person to reimburse any individual who incurs damages as a proximate result of lawful conduct arising out of the response to the statement, report, or complaint.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section may be charged, prosecuted, tried, and convicted in:</text> <level label="1"> <text>the county where the defendant made the false statement, report, or complaint;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>the county in which the statement, report, or complaint was received by a governmental emergency report recipient; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>the county in which a governmental emergency report recipient responded to the statement, report, or complaint.</text> </level> </level> <level label="e"> <text>In addition to any penalties under subsection (c) of this section, a person who violates this section is civilly liable to any individual who is injured as a result of the violation.</text> </level> <level label="f"> <text>This section may not be construed to conflict with 47 U.S.C. § 230 or 42 U.S.C. § 1983.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-502" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <text>A person who is arrested by a law enforcement officer of the State, of a county, municipal corporation, or other political subdivision of the State, or of the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Police may not knowingly, and with intent to deceive, make a false statement to a law enforcement officer concerning the person’s identity, address, or date of birth.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-503" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not make, or cause to be made, a statement or report that the person knows to be false as a whole or in material part to an official or unit of the State or of a county, municipal corporation, or other political subdivision of the State that a crime has been committed or that a condition imminently dangerous to public safety or health exists, with the intent that the official or unit investigate, consider, or take action in connection with that statement or report.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-504" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <text>This section does not apply to a statement made or rumor circulated by an officer, employee, or agent of a bona fide civilian defense organization or unit, if made in the regular course of the person’s duties.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not circulate or transmit to another, with intent that it be acted on, a statement or rumor that the person knows to be false about the location or possible detonation of a destructive device or the location or possible release of toxic material, as those terms are defined in § 4-501 of this article.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A crime under this section committed using a telephone or other electronic means may be prosecuted in the county in which:</text> <level label="1"> <text>the communication originated;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>the communication was received; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>the destructive device or toxic material was stated or was rumored to be located.</text> </level> </level> <level label="e"> <level label="1"> <text>In addition to the penalty provided in subsection (c) of this section, a court may order a person convicted or found to have committed a delinquent act under this section to pay restitution to:</text> <level label="i"> <text>the State, county, municipal corporation, bicounty unit, multicounty unit, county board of education, public authority, or special taxing district for actual costs reasonably incurred in responding to a location and searching for a destructive device as a result of a violation of this section; and</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>the owner or tenant of a property for the actual value of any goods, services, or income lost as a result of the evacuation of the property as a result of a violation of this section.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>This subsection may not be construed to limit the right of a person to restitution under Title 11, Subtitle 6 of the Criminal Procedure Article.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <level label="i"> <text>If the person convicted or found to have committed a delinquent act under this section is a minor, the court may order the minor, the minor’s parent, or both to pay the restitution described in paragraph (1) of this subsection.</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>Except as otherwise provided in this section, the provisions of Title 11, Subtitle 6 of the Criminal Procedure Article apply to an order of restitution under this paragraph.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="f"> <text>In addition to any other penalty authorized by law, if the person convicted or found to have committed a delinquent act under this section is a minor, the court may order the Motor Vehicle Administration to initiate an action, under the motor vehicle laws, to suspend the driving privilege of the minor for a specified period not to exceed:</text> <level label="1"> <text>for a first violation, 6 months; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>for each subsequent violation, 1 year or until the person is 21 years old, whichever is longer.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-505" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not manufacture, possess, transport, or place:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a device or container that is labeled as containing or is intended to represent a toxic material, as defined in § 4-501 of this article, with the intent to terrorize, frighten, intimidate, threaten, or harass; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a device that is constructed to represent a destructive device, as defined in § 4-501 of this article, with the intent to terrorize, frighten, intimidate, threaten, or harass.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>In addition to the penalty provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person convicted or found to have committed a delinquent act under this section may be ordered by the court to pay restitution to:</text> <level label="i"> <text>the State, county, municipal corporation, bicounty unit, multicounty unit, county board of education, public authority, or special taxing district for actual costs reasonably incurred as a result of a violation of this section; and</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>the owner or tenant of a property for the actual value of any goods, services, or income lost as a result of the evacuation of the property as a result of a violation of this section.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>This subsection may not be construed to limit the right of a person to restitution under Title 11, Subtitle 6 of the Criminal Procedure Article.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <level label="i"> <text>If the person convicted or found to have committed a delinquent act in violation of this section is a minor, the court may order the minor, the minor’s parent, or both to pay the restitution described in paragraph (1) of this subsection.</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>Except as otherwise provided in this section, the provisions of Title 11, Subtitle 6 of the Criminal Procedure Article apply to an order of restitution under this paragraph.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>In addition to any other penalty authorized by law, if the person convicted or found to have committed a delinquent act under this section is a minor, the court may order the Motor Vehicle Administration to initiate an action, under the motor vehicle laws, to suspend the driving privilege of the minor for a specified period not to exceed:</text> <level label="1"> <text>for a first violation, 6 months; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>for each subsequent violation, 1 year or until the person is 21 years old, whichever is longer.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-506" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not knowingly and willfully falsify or conceal a material fact in connection with an application for funds from the Maryland Higher Education Commission.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>The Maryland Higher Education Commission shall notify each applicant for funds of the conduct that constitutes a violation of this section before a State scholarship award or grant is awarded.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-507" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <text>The common-law crime of criminal defamation is repealed.</text> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-508" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="5" subtitle_name="False Statements"> <level label="a"> <text>In this section, “financing statement” has the meaning stated in § 9–102 of the Commercial Law Article.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not file a financing statement or an amendment to a financing statement that the person knows contains false information.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $500.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>Each act of filing a financing statement or an amendment to a financing statement is a separate violation.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-601" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>In this section, “emergency” means a circumstance in which:</text> <level label="1"> <text>an individual is or is reasonably believed by the person transmitting the communication to be in imminent danger of death or serious bodily harm; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>property is in imminent danger of damage or destruction.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person may not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>knowingly, intentionally, or recklessly interrupt, disrupt, impede, or otherwise interfere with the transmission of a two-way radio communication made:</text> <level label="i"> <text>to inform or inquire about an emergency; and</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>on a frequency commonly used or monitored by an emergency services organization; or</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>transmit false information about an emergency on a two-way radio frequency commonly used or monitored by an emergency services organization.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <level label="1"> <text>A two-way radio and related equipment used in violation of this section is subject to seizure.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>On conviction of a violation of this section, any property seized under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be forfeited to the State and no property right shall exist in the property.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>Any property that is forfeited under paragraph (2) of this subsection shall be turned over to the Secretary of General Services, who may:</text> <level label="i"> <text>order that the property be retained for official use of State units; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>otherwise dispose of the property as the Secretary considers appropriate.</text> </level> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-602" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <level label="1"> <text>Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a State official or employee may not directly or indirectly monitor or record in any manner a telephone conversation made to or from a State unit.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>If prior approval is granted by the Attorney General, a State official or employee may monitor or record a telephone conversation:</text> <level label="i"> <text>on telephone lines used exclusively for incoming police, fire, and rescue calls; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>with recorder-connector equipment that automatically produces a distinctive recorder tone repeated at approximately 15-second intervals.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $1,000.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>Conviction of a violation of this section is also grounds for immediate dismissal from State employment.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-603" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a person may not use a device that dials by remote control a preprogrammed telephone number and transmits a prerecorded message communicating an existing emergency condition, including fire, illness, or crime, without written approval for the use of the device from the holder of the number dialed.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>This section does not apply to:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a State or local law enforcement agency that is conducting an official investigation or communicating an emergency condition;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a State or local emergency management agency that is communicating an emergency condition; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>a person that is specifically designated by an agency described in item (1) or (2) of this subsection to participate in an official investigation or communicate an emergency condition.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to a fine not exceeding $50 for each violation.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-604" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not knowingly make or cause to be made a false:</text> <level label="1"> <text>fire alarm; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>call for an ambulance or rescue squad.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-607" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>In this part the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>“Alarm system” means a burglary alarm system, robbery alarm system, or automatic fire alarm system.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>“Alarm system contractor” means a person who installs, maintains, monitors, alters, or services alarm systems.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“Alarm system contractor” does not include a person who only manufactures or sells alarm systems.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>“Alarm user” means:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a person in control of an alarm system within, on, or around any building, structure, facility, or site; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>the owner or lessee of an alarm system.</text> </level> </level> <level label="e"> <level label="1"> <text>“False alarm” means a request for immediate assistance from a law enforcement unit or fire department regardless of cause that is not in response to an actual emergency situation or threatened suggested criminal activity.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>“False alarm” includes:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a negligently or accidentally activated signal;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a signal that is activated as the result of faulty, malfunctioning, or improperly installed or maintained equipment; and</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>a signal that is purposely activated in a nonemergency situation.</text> </level> </level> <level label="3"> <text>“False alarm” does not include:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a signal activated by unusually severe weather conditions or other causes beyond the control of the alarm user or alarm system contractor; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a signal activated within 60 days after a new installation of an alarm system.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="f"> <text>“Law enforcement unit” means the Department of State Police, the police department of a county or municipal corporation, and a sheriff’s department or other governmental law enforcement unit having employees authorized to make arrests.</text> </level> <level label="g"> <text>“Signal” means the activation of an alarm system that requests a response by a law enforcement unit or a fire department.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-608" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not intentionally activate a signal for a nonemergency situation.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 90 days or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-609" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>This section does not apply:</text> <level label="1"> <text>to alarm systems activated by weather conditions or causes beyond the control of the alarm user;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>in Frederick County if regulations are adopted under § 12–806 of the Local Government Article providing for the registration of alarm system contractors and alarm users, the issuance of civil citations, and penalties for a violation of a regulation;</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>in Calvert County if the Board of County Commissioners of Calvert County adopts regulations under § 12–806 of the Local Government Article providing for the registration of alarm system contractors and alarm users, the issuance of civil citations, and penalties for a violation of a regulation; or</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>in Washington County if the Board of County Commissioners of Washington County adopts regulations under § 12–806 of the Local Government Article providing for the registration of alarm system contractors and alarm users, the issuance of civil citations, and penalties for a violation of a regulation.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>An alarm system that is activated more than once within a 12–hour period when a premises with an alarm system is unoccupied and that is not in response to an actual emergency situation or threatened suggested criminal activity constitutes one false alarm if:</text> <level label="1"> <text>access to the building is provided to the alarm system contractor; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>an alarm system contractor or an employee of an alarm system contractor responds to the activated alarm system.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <level label="1"> <text>A law enforcement unit or fire department may issue a civil citation to an alarm user for the negligent or accidental activation of an alarm system as a result of faulty, malfunctioning, or improperly installed or maintained equipment or for a false alarm if the number of activations or false alarms to which the law enforcement unit or fire department responds exceeds:</text> <level label="i"> <text>three responses within a 30–day period; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>eight responses within a 12–month period.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>A civil citation issued under this section shall assess a penalty of $30 for each negligent or accidental activation or false alarm.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-610" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>In this section, “defective alarm system” means an alarm system that activates:</text> <level label="1"> <text>more than three false alarms within a 30-day period; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>eight or more false alarms within a 12-month period.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <level label="1"> <text>A law enforcement unit or fire department that responds to false alarms from a defective alarm system shall provide written notice of the defective condition to the alarm user.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>The alarm user, within 30 days after receiving the notice, shall:</text> <level label="i"> <level label="1"> <text>if qualified, inspect the alarm system; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>have the alarm system inspected by an alarm system contractor; and</text> </level> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>within 15 days after the inspection, file with the law enforcement unit or fire department that issued the notice a written report that contains the:</text> <level label="1"> <text>result of the inspection;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>probable cause of the false alarms; and</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>recommendations or action taken to eliminate the false alarms.</text> </level> </level> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>An alarm user may not use a defective alarm system after receiving a written notice under subsection (b) of this section.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates subsection (c) of this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 90 days or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-611" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="6" subtitle_name="Interference With Government Operations"> <level label="a"> <text>In this section, “audible alarm system” means an alarm system that, when activated, emits an audible noise from an annunciator.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>An audible alarm system shall be equipped to:</text> <level label="1"> <text>automatically silence the annunciator within 30 minutes after activation; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>allow an accidental or negligent activation to be halted or reset.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>An alarm system contractor may not sell, lease, rent, or offer to sell, lease, or rent an audible alarm system that does not comply with the requirements of this section.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who violates this section is subject to a civil penalty of $100 for each violation.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-701" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <level label="a"> <text>In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>“Defense-related activity” means:</text> <level label="1"> <text>the preparation of the United States or a state for defense or war; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>the prosecution of war by the United States or a country with which the United States maintains friendly relations.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>“Identification badge” means a badge that a person wears to show the person’s identity or right to be in or on any premises described in § 9-704 of this subtitle.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>“Identification card” means a card or pass issued for the purpose of establishing the identity and the right of the person to be in or on any premises described in § 9-704 of this subtitle.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-702" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not destroy, impair, damage, or interfere or tamper with real or personal property with intent to hinder, delay, or interfere with a defense-related activity.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-703" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not intentionally:</text> <level label="1"> <text>make or cause to be made or omit to note on inspection a defect in a product to be used in connection with a defense-related activity; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>act, or fail to act, with intent to hinder, delay, or interfere with a defense-related activity.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-704" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <level label="a"> <text>This section applies to a person possessing an identification badge or identification card required for employment or visitation that is issued by:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a unit of the State or a county, municipal corporation, special taxing district, or public corporation of the State; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a person that owns or operates in the State:</text> <level label="i"> <text>a factory or warehouse or a manufacturing, printing, publishing, mechanical, or mercantile establishment or a plant of any kind;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>a mine or quarry;</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>a railway; or</text> </level> <level label="iv"> <text>a water, sewage, gas, electric, transmission, heating, refrigerating, telephone, or other publicly owned or public service company.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person shall surrender each identification badge or identification card to its issuer when the person’s employment or authorized visit ends.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person may not knowingly possess an identification badge or identification card after the person’s employment or authorized visit ends.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person who willfully violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 90 days or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-705" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <text>A person who finds or gains possession of an identification badge or identification card required under § 9-704 of this subtitle shall surrender immediately the identification badge or identification card to the nearest police station.</text> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-706" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <level label="a"> <text>To enter a place or establishment in which a person is required to have an identification badge or identification card under § 9-704 of this subtitle, a person may not willfully:</text> <level label="1"> <text>make unauthorized use of an identification badge or identification card; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>assist another in the unauthorized use of an identification badge or identification card.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 90 days or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-706.1" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <level label="a"> <text>In this section, “security officer” means a proprietary or contractual security officer of a license holder of a nuclear power plant facility in the State.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>Subject to subsection (c) of this section, if a nuclear power plant facility is placed under a heightened level of security condition by a federal agency pursuant to federal law, the license holder of a nuclear power plant facility in the State may authorize a security officer, without a warrant, to stop and detain any person who the owner or security officer has reasonable grounds to believe has:</text> <level label="1"> <text>entered or trespassed on posted property of the nuclear power plant facility in violation of § 6-402 of this article; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>violated any local, State, or federal law, regulation, or order in an area controlled by the license holder of the nuclear power plant facility.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A security officer who detains a person under subsection (b) of this section shall, as soon as practicable:</text> <level label="1"> <text>notify an appropriate law enforcement agency about the alleged crime committed by the person; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>release the person to the detention or custody of a law enforcement officer.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>If notice to a law enforcement agency is provided as required under subsection (c) of this section and the law enforcement agency determines not to investigate the alleged crime or declines to take the detained person into detention or custody, the security officer shall release the person as soon as practicable.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-707" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <text>This subtitle does not impair, curtail, or destroy the rights of employees and their representatives to:</text> <level label="1"> <text>self-organization;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>form, join, or assist labor organizations;</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing; and</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>strike, picket, or engage in concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-708" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="7" subtitle_name="Sabotage"> <text>If conduct prohibited by this subtitle is also unlawful under another law, a person may be convicted for the violation of this subtitle and the other law.</text> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-801" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Criminal Organizations"> <level label="a"> <text>In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>“Coerce” means to compel or attempt to compel another by threat of harm or other adverse consequences.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>“Criminal organization” means an enterprise whose members:</text> <level label="1"> <text>individually or collectively engage in a pattern of organized crime activity;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>have as one of their primary objectives or activities the commission of one or more underlying crimes, including acts by juveniles that would be underlying crimes if committed by adults; and</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>have in common an overt or covert organizational or command structure.</text> </level> </level> <level label="d"> <text>“Enterprise” includes:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a sole proprietorship, partnership, corporation, business trust, or other legal entity; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>any group of individuals associated in fact although not a legal entity.</text> </level> </level> <level label="e"> <text>“Pattern of organized crime activity” means the commission of, attempted commission of, conspiracy to commit, or solicitation of two or more underlying crimes or acts by a juvenile that would be an underlying crime if committed by an adult, provided the crimes or acts were not part of the same incident.</text> </level> <level label="f"> <text>“Solicit” has the meaning stated in § 11–301 of this article.</text> </level> <level label="g"> <text>“Underlying crime” means:</text> <level label="1"> <text>a crime of violence as defined under § 14–101 of this article;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>a violation of § 3–203 (second degree assault), § 3–1102 (sex trafficking), § 3–1103 (forced marriage), § 4–203 (wearing, carrying, or transporting a handgun), § 4–204 (use of a firearm in the commission of a crime), § 7–113 (embezzlement by fiduciary), or § 7–315 (theft – telecommunications–related) of this article, § 9–102 (subornation of perjury), § 9–202(a) (bribery of juror), § 9–302 (inducing false testimony or avoidance of subpoena), § 9–303 (retaliation for testimony), § 9–305 (intimidating or corrupting juror), § 9–306 (obstruction of justice), § 9–307 (destruction of evidence), § 9–412 (contraband – in general), § 9–413 (contraband – for escape), § 9–416 (contraband – controlled dangerous substance), or § 9–417 (contraband – telecommunications–related) of this title, or § 11–304 (receiving earnings of prostitute), § 11–307 (house of prostitution), or § 12–104 (gaming offenses) of this article;</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>a felony violation of § 3–701 (extortion), § 4–503 (manufacture or possession of destructive device), § 5–602 (distribution of CDS), § 5–603 (manufacturing CDS or equipment), § 5–604(b) (creating or possessing a counterfeit substance), § 5–606 (false prescription), § 6–103 (second degree arson), § 6–202 (first degree burglary), § 6–203 (second degree burglary), § 6–204 (third degree burglary), § 7–104 (theft), or § 7–105 (unauthorized use of a motor vehicle) of this article;</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>a felony violation of § 5–133 of the Public Safety Article;</text> </level> <level label="5"> <text>a felony violation of Title 8 of this article (fraud and related crimes);</text> </level> <level label="6"> <text>bribery under Subtitle 2 of this title;</text> </level> <level label="7"> <text>false statements under Subtitle 5 of this title;</text> </level> <level label="8"> <text>impersonating a police officer under § 3–502 of the Public Safety Article;</text> </level> <level label="9"> <text>threat of mass violence under Title 3, Subtitle 10 of this article;</text> </level> <level label="10"> <text>a violation of § 11–207 or § 11–208 of this article (child pornography);</text> </level> <level label="11"> <text>a felony violation of Title 27, Subtitle 4 of the Insurance Article (insurance fraud);</text> </level> <level label="12"> <text>removal or falsification of vehicle identification number under § 14–107 of the Transportation Article;</text> </level> <level label="13"> <text>abuse or neglect of a vulnerable adult under § 3–604 or § 3–605 of this article;</text> </level> <level label="14"> <text>a crime under the laws of another state or of the United States that would be a crime listed in items (1) through (13) of this subsection if committed in this State; or</text> </level> <level label="15"> <text>the attempted commission of, conspiracy to commit, or solicitation of a crime or act listed in items (1) through (14) of this subsection.</text> </level> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-802" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Criminal Organizations"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not threaten an individual, or a friend or family member of an individual, with physical violence with the intent to coerce, induce, or solicit the individual to participate in or prevent the individual from leaving a criminal organization.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 2 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-803" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Criminal Organizations"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not threaten an individual, or a friend or family member of an individual, with or use physical violence to coerce, induce, or solicit the individual to participate in or prevent the individual from leaving a criminal organization:</text> <level label="1"> <text>in a school vehicle, as defined under § 11–154 of the Transportation Article; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>in, on, or within 1,000 feet of real property owned by or leased to an elementary school, secondary school, or county board of education and used for elementary or secondary education.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>Subsection (a) of this section applies whether or not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>school was in session at the time of the crime; or</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>the real property was being used for purposes other than school purposes at the time of the crime.</text> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 4 years or a fine not exceeding $20,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>Notwithstanding any other law, a conviction under this section may not merge with a conviction under § 9–802 of this subtitle.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-804" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Criminal Organizations"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>participate in a criminal organization knowing that the members of the criminal organization engage in a pattern of organized crime activity; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>knowingly and willfully direct or participate in an underlying crime, or act by a juvenile that would be an underlying crime if committed by an adult, committed for the benefit of, at the direction of, or in association with a criminal organization.</text> </level> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A criminal organization or an individual belonging to a criminal organization may not:</text> <level label="1"> <text>receive proceeds known to have been derived directly or indirectly from an underlying crime; and</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>use or invest, directly or indirectly, an aggregate of $10,000 or more of the proceeds from an underlying crime in:</text> <level label="i"> <text>the acquisition of a title to, right to, interest in, or equity in real property; or</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>the establishment or operation of any enterprise.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A criminal organization may not acquire or maintain, directly or indirectly, any interest in or control of any enterprise or real property through an underlying crime.</text> </level> <level label="d"> <text>A person may not conspire to violate subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section.</text> </level> <level label="e"> <text>A person may not violate subsection (a) of this section that results in the death of a victim.</text> </level> <level label="f"> <level label="1"> <level label="i"> <text>Except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, a person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 15 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>A person who violates subsection (e) of this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 25 years or a fine not exceeding $5,000,000 or both.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <level label="i"> <text>A sentence imposed under paragraph (1)(i) of this subsection for a first offense may be separate from and consecutive to or concurrent with a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing a violation of this section.</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>A sentence imposed under paragraph (1)(i) of this subsection for a second or subsequent offense, or paragraph (1)(ii) of this subsection shall be separate from and consecutive to a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing a violation of this section.</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>A consecutive sentence for a second or subsequent offense shall not be mandatory unless the State notifies the person in writing of the State’s intention to proceed against the person as a second or subsequent offender at least 30 days before trial.</text> </level> </level> <level label="3"> <text>In addition to the other penalties provided in this subsection, on conviction the court may:</text> <level label="i"> <text>order a person or criminal organization to be divested of any interest in an enterprise or real property;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>order the dissolution or reorganization of an enterprise; and</text> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>order the suspension or revocation of any license, permit, or prior approval granted to the enterprise or person by a unit of the State or a political subdivision of the State.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="g"> <level label="1"> <text>This subsection applies to a violation of § 5–602, § 5–603, § 5–604(b), § 5–606, § 5–612, § 5–613, § 5–614, or § 5–617 of this article.</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>Assets divested under this section and derived from the commission of, attempted commission of, conspiracy to commit, or solicitation of a crime described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, either in whole or in part:</text> <level label="i"> <text>if the State investigated and prosecuted a violation described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, shall be deposited in the Addiction Treatment Divestiture Fund established under § 8–6D–01 of the Health – General Article;</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>if a local jurisdiction investigated and prosecuted a violation described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, shall be used by the local jurisdiction:</text> <level label="1"> <text>to support alternatives to incarceration, reentry programs, and addiction treatment services for persons with substance–related disorders;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>to combat criminal organizations through education, training, and resources; or</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>to provide assistance to victims of criminal organization–related crimes; or</text> </level> </level> <level label="iii"> <text>if more than one jurisdiction participated in an investigation or a prosecution of a violation described in paragraph (1) of this subsection, shall be divided in the manner agreed on by the jurisdictions and used as provided in item (i) or (ii) of this paragraph.</text> </level> </level> </level> <level label="h"> <text>A person may be charged with a violation of this section only by indictment, criminal information, or petition alleging a delinquent act.</text> </level> <level label="i"> <level label="1"> <text>The Attorney General, at the request of the Governor or the State’s Attorney for a county in which a violation or an act establishing a violation of this section occurs, may:</text> <level label="i"> <text>aid in the investigation of the violation or act; and</text> </level> <level label="ii"> <text>prosecute the violation or act.</text> </level> </level> <level label="2"> <text>In exercising authority under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Attorney General has all the powers and duties of a State’s Attorney, including the use of the grand jury in the county, to prosecute the violation.</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in circumstances in which violations of this section are alleged to have been committed in more than one county, the respective State’s Attorney of each county, or the Attorney General, may join the causes of action in a single complaint with the consent of each State’s Attorney having jurisdiction over an offense sought to be joined.</text> </level> </level> <level label="j"> <text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law and provided at least one criminal organization activity of a criminal organization allegedly occurred in the county in which a grand jury is sitting, the grand jury may issue subpoenas, summon witnesses, and otherwise conduct an investigation of the alleged criminal organization’s activities and offenses in other counties.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-805" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Criminal Organizations"> <level label="a"> <text>A person may not organize, supervise, promote, sponsor, finance, or manage a criminal organization.</text> </level> <level label="b"> <text>A person who violates this section is guilty of a felony and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 20 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000,000 or both.</text> </level> <level label="c"> <text>A sentence imposed under this section shall be separate from and consecutive to a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing a violation of this section.</text> </level> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-806" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Criminal Organizations"> <text>Nothing in this subtitle may be construed inconsistently with the provisions relating to jurisdiction over juvenile causes contained in Title 3, Subtitle 8A of the Courts Article.</text> </section> <section article="gcr" article_name="Criminal Law" number="9-807" title_number="9" title_name="Crimes Against Public Administration" subtitle_number="8" subtitle_name="Criminal Organizations"> <text>For purposes of venue, any violation of this subtitle is considered to have been committed in any county:</text> <level label="1"> <text>in which any act was performed in furtherance of a violation of this subtitle;</text> </level> <level label="2"> <text>that is the principal place of the operations of the criminal organization in the State;</text> </level> <level label="3"> <text>in which a defendant had control or possession of proceeds of a violation of this subtitle or of records or other material or objects that were used in furtherance of a violation; or</text> </level> <level label="4"> <text>in which a defendant resides.</text> </level> </section>