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<section article="get" article_name="Estates and Trusts" number="4-101" title_number="4" title_name="Wills" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Execution, Revocation, and Revival">
  <level label="a">
    <text>In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <text>“Electronic” means technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <text>“Electronic presence” means two or more individuals communicating in real time using electronic audio–visual means to the same extent as if the individuals were in the physical presence of each other.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <text>“Electronic signature” means an electronic symbol, sound, or process attached to or logically associated with a record and executed or adopted by an individual with the intent to sign the record.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="e">
    <text>“Electronic will” means a will containing one or more electronic signatures and executed in compliance with this subtitle.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="f">
    <text>“Physical presence” means being close enough to see, hear, and speak with another individual without using electronic audio–visual means.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="g">
    <text>“Record” means information readable as text that is inscribed on a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic medium and retrievable in perceivable form.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="h">
    <text>“Remotely witnessed will” means a will that is:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>Signed by the testator under circumstances where a witness is in the electronic presence, but not the physical presence, of the testator when the witness attests to and signs the will; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>Executed, prepared, and certified in compliance with § 4–102 of this subtitle.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="i">
    <text>“Sign” means, with present intent to authenticate or adopt a record, to:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>Execute or adopt a tangible symbol; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>Attach to or logically associate with the record an electronic symbol, sound, or process.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="j">
    <text>“Supervising attorney” means an individual who has been admitted to practice law before the courts of this State and is in good standing.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="k">
    <text>“Will” means a record that the testator intends to adopt as the testator’s codicil or testamentary instrument and that:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <level label="i">
        <text>Appoints a personal representative;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>Revokes or revises another will;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>Nominates a guardian;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iv">
        <text>Directs the disposition of the testator’s property; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="v">
        <text>Expressly excludes or limits the right of an individual or class to succeed to property of a decedent passing by intestate succession;</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>Is executed in the form prescribed under §§ 4–102 through 4–104 of this subtitle; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>Has not been revoked in a manner provided by § 4–105 of this subtitle.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
</section>
