Subject to subsection (b) of this section, a custodian may deny inspection of the part of a public record that contains information disclosing or relating to an invention owned in whole or in part by a State public institution of higher education for 4 years to allow the institution to evaluate whether to patent or market the invention and pursue economic development and licensing opportunities related to the invention. A custodian may not deny inspection of a part of a public record described in subsection (a) of this section if: the information disclosing or relating to an invention has been published or disseminated by the inventors in the course of their academic activities or disclosed in a published patent; the invention referred to in that part of the record has been licensed by the institution for at least 4 years; or 4 years have elapsed from the date of the written disclosure of the invention to the institution.