Plain Text Law

Title 9. Workers' Compensation — Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

Statutes in effect as of October 1, 2026.

Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-501 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–501Copy Citation

(a)
Except as otherwise provided, each employer of a covered employee shall provide compensation in accordance with this title to:
(1)
the covered employee for an accidental personal injury sustained by the covered employee; or
(2)
the dependents of the covered employee for death of the covered employee:
(i)
resulting from an accidental personal injury sustained by the covered employee; and
(ii)
occurring within 7 years after the date of the accidental personal injury.
(b)
An employer is liable to provide compensation in accordance with subsection (a) of this section, regardless of fault as to a cause of the accidental personal injury.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-502 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–502Copy Citation

(a)
In this section, “disablement” means the event of a covered employee becoming partially or totally incapacitated:
(1)
because of an occupational disease; and
(2)
from performing the work of the covered employee in the last occupation in which the covered employee was injuriously exposed to the hazards of the occupational disease.
(b)
Subsection (c) of this section applies only to:
(1)
the employer in whose employment the covered employee was last injuriously exposed to the hazards of the occupational disease; and
(2)
the insurer liable for the risk when the covered employee, while employed by the employer, was last injuriously exposed to the hazards of the occupational disease.
(c)
Subject to subsection (d) of this section and except as otherwise provided, an employer and insurer to whom this subsection applies shall provide compensation in accordance with this title to:
(1)
a covered employee of the employer for disability of the covered employee resulting from an occupational disease; or
(2)
the dependents of the covered employee for death of the covered employee resulting from an occupational disease.
(d)
An employer and insurer are liable to provide compensation under subsection (c) of this section only if:
(1)
the occupational disease that caused the death or disability:
(i)
is due to the nature of an employment in which hazards of the occupational disease exist and the covered employee was employed before the date of disablement; or
(ii)
has manifestations that are consistent with those known to result from exposure to a biological, chemical, or physical agent that is attributable to the type of employment in which the covered employee was employed before the date of disablement; and
(2)
on the weight of the evidence, it reasonably may be concluded that the occupational disease was incurred as a result of the employment of the covered employee.
(e)
A covered employee or a dependent of the covered employee is not entitled to compensation for a disability or death that results from an occupational disease if, when the covered employee began employment with the employer, the covered employee falsely represented in writing that the covered employee had not been disabled, laid off, or compensated in damages or otherwise, due to the occupational disease for which the covered employee or dependent is seeking compensation.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-503 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–503Copy Citation

(a)
(1)
A paid firefighter, paid firefighting instructor, paid rescue squad member, paid advanced life support unit member, or sworn member of the Office of the State Fire Marshal employed by an airport authority, a county, a fire control district, a municipality, or the State or a volunteer firefighter, volunteer fire fighting instructor, volunteer rescue squad member, or volunteer advanced life support unit member who is a covered employee under § 9–234 of this title is presumed to have an occupational disease that was suffered in the line of duty and is compensable under this title if:
(i)
the individual has heart disease, hypertension, or lung disease;
(ii)
the heart disease, hypertension, or lung disease results in partial or total disability or death; and
(iii)
in the case of a volunteer firefighter, volunteer fire fighting instructor, volunteer rescue squad member, or volunteer advanced life support unit member, the individual has met a suitable standard of physical examination before becoming a firefighter, firefighting instructor, rescue squad member, or advanced life support unit member.
(2)
(i)
A paid firefighter, paid firefighting instructor, paid rescue squad member, paid advanced life support unit member, or sworn member of the Office of the State Fire Marshal employed by an airport authority, a county, a fire control district, a municipality, or the State is presumed to have an occupational disease that was suffered in the line of duty and is compensable under this title and is presumed to be disabled under § 9–502 of this subtitle if the individual:
(1)
has been diagnosed with hypertension by an authorized provider as defined in regulations adopted by the Commission;
(2)
has been prescribed medication to treat hypertension for at least 90 consecutive days;
(3)
has completed at least 2 years of cumulative service within the State as a paid firefighter, paid firefighting instructor, paid rescue squad member, paid advanced life support unit member, or sworn member of the Office of the State Fire Marshal employed by an airport authority, a county, a fire control district, a municipality, or the State; and
(4)
at the time of claim application, is employed as a paid firefighter, paid firefighting instructor, paid rescue squad member, paid advanced life support unit member, or sworn member of the Office of the State Fire Marshal employed by an airport authority, a county, a fire control district, a municipality, or the State.
(ii)
Except as otherwise provided for under a collective bargaining agreement, an individual who qualifies for compensation under this paragraph may not be eligible to receive disability retirement benefits on the basis of the same condition.
(iii)
An individual who has heart disease or lung disease under paragraph (1) of this subsection must file a separate claim application for workers’ compensation.
(iv)
This paragraph does not prohibit an individual from filing a separate claim under paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(v)
An individual who files a claim under this paragraph and under paragraph (1) of this subsection may not receive duplicative benefits for the same condition.
(b)
(1)
A paid police officer employed by an airport authority, a county, the Maryland–National Capital Park and Planning Commission, a municipality, or the State, a deputy sheriff of Montgomery County, or, subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, a deputy sheriff of Anne Arundel County, Anne Arundel County detention officer, deputy sheriff of Baltimore City, Carroll County correctional deputy, Montgomery County correctional officer, Prince George’s County deputy sheriff, Prince George’s County correctional officer, or deputy sheriff of Allegany County is presumed to be suffering from an occupational disease that was suffered in the line of duty and is compensable under this title if:
(i)
the police officer, deputy sheriff, or correctional officer is suffering from heart disease or hypertension; and
(ii)
the heart disease or hypertension results in partial or total disability or death.
(2)
(i)
A deputy sheriff of Anne Arundel County, Anne Arundel County detention officer, deputy sheriff of Baltimore City, Carroll County correctional deputy, Montgomery County correctional officer, Prince George’s County deputy sheriff, or Prince George’s County correctional officer is entitled to the presumption under this subsection only to the extent that the individual suffers from heart disease or hypertension that is more severe than the individual’s heart disease or hypertension condition existing prior to the individual’s employment as a deputy sheriff of Anne Arundel County, Anne Arundel County detention officer, deputy sheriff of Baltimore City, Carroll County correctional deputy, Montgomery County correctional officer, Prince George’s County deputy sheriff, or Prince George’s County correctional officer.
(ii)
To be eligible for the presumption under this subsection, a deputy sheriff of Anne Arundel County, Anne Arundel County detention officer, deputy sheriff of Baltimore City, Carroll County correctional deputy, Montgomery County correctional officer, Prince George’s County deputy sheriff, or Prince George’s County correctional officer, as a condition of employment, shall submit to a medical examination to determine any heart disease or hypertension condition existing prior to the individual’s employment as a deputy sheriff of Anne Arundel County, Anne Arundel County detention officer, deputy sheriff of Baltimore City, Carroll County correctional deputy, Montgomery County correctional officer, Prince George’s County deputy sheriff, or Prince George’s County correctional officer.
(c)
A paid firefighter, paid fire fighting instructor, paid rescue squad member, paid advanced life support unit member, or a sworn member of the Office of the State Fire Marshal employed by an airport authority, a county, a fire control district, a municipality, or the State or a volunteer firefighter, volunteer fire fighting instructor, volunteer rescue squad member, or volunteer advanced life support unit member who is a covered employee under § 9–234 of this title is presumed to be suffering from an occupational disease that was suffered in the line of duty and is compensable under this title if:
(1)
the individual has leukemia or prostate, rectal, throat, multiple myeloma, non–Hodgkin’s lymphoma, brain, testicular, bladder, kidney or renal cell, thyroid, colon, ovarian, or breast cancer that is caused by contact with a toxic substance that the individual has encountered in the line of duty;
(2)
the individual has completed at least 10 years of cumulative service within the State as a firefighter, a fire fighting instructor, a rescue squad member, or an advanced life support unit member or in a combination of those jobs;
(3)
the cancer or leukemia results in partial or total disability or death; and
(4)
in the case of a volunteer firefighter, volunteer fire fighting instructor, volunteer rescue squad member, or volunteer advanced life support unit member, the individual has met a suitable standard of physical examination before becoming a firefighter, fire fighting instructor, rescue squad member, or advanced life support unit member.
(d)
(1)
A forest ranger, park ranger, wildlife ranger, paid law enforcement employee of the Department of Natural Resources who is a covered employee under § 9–207 of this title, and a park police officer of the Maryland–National Capital Park and Planning Commission is presumed to have an occupational disease that was suffered in the line of duty and is compensable under this title if the individual:
(i)
is suffering from Lyme disease; and
(ii)
was not suffering from Lyme disease before assignment to a position that regularly places the employee in an outdoor wooded environment.
(2)
The presumption under this subsection for a park police officer of the Maryland–National Capital Park and Planning Commission shall only apply:
(i)
during the time that the park police officer is assigned to a position that regularly places the park police officer in an outdoor wooded environment; and
(ii)
for 3 years after the last date that the park police officer was assigned by the Maryland–National Capital Park and Planning Commission to a position that regularly placed the officer in an outdoor wooded environment.
(e)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, any paid firefighter, paid fire fighting instructor, sworn member of the Office of the State Fire Marshal, paid police officer, forest ranger, park ranger, wildlife ranger, paid law enforcement employee of the Department of Natural Resources, deputy sheriff of Anne Arundel County, Anne Arundel County detention officer, park police officer of the Maryland–National Capital Park and Planning Commission, deputy sheriff of Montgomery County, deputy sheriff of Baltimore City, Carroll County correctional deputy, Montgomery County correctional officer, deputy sheriff of Prince George’s County, or Prince George’s County correctional officer who is eligible for benefits under subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section or the dependents of those individuals shall receive the benefits in addition to any benefits that the individual or the dependents of the individual are entitled to receive under the retirement system in which the individual was a participant at the time of the claim.
(2)
The benefits received under this title shall be adjusted so that the weekly total of those benefits and retirement benefits does not exceed the weekly salary that was paid to an individual specified under paragraph (1) of this subsection.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-504 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–504Copy Citation

(a)
Except as otherwise provided, an employer shall provide compensation in accordance with this title to a covered employee for a hernia caused by an accidental personal injury or by a strain arising out of and in the course of employment if:
(1)
the covered employee provides definite proof that satisfies the Commission that:
(i)
the hernia did not exist before the accidental personal injury or strain occurred; or
(ii)
as a result of the accidental personal injury or strain, a preexisting hernia has become so aggravated, incarcerated, or strangulated that an immediate operation is needed; and
(2)
notwithstanding any other provision of this title about notice, the accidental personal injury or strain was reported to the employer within 45 days after its occurrence.
(b)
If a covered employee fails to file a claim for compensation for a hernia caused by an accidental personal injury within the time period required under § 9–709(a) of this title, the covered employee may file the claim within 2 years after the date the accidental personal injury occurred unless the employer or its insurer has been prejudiced by the failure.
(c)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, a hernia caused as a result of repetitive trauma may be:
(1)
considered an occupational disease; and
(2)
compensable subject to § 9–502 of this subtitle.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-505 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–505Copy Citation

(a)
Except as otherwise provided, an employer shall provide compensation in accordance with this title to a covered employee for loss of hearing by the covered employee due to industrial noise in the frequencies of 500, 1,000, 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 hertz.
(b)
An employer is not liable for compensation for occupational deafness under subsection (a) of this section unless the covered employee claiming benefits worked for the employer in employment that exposed the covered employee to harmful noise for at least 90 days.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-506 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–506Copy Citation

(a)
A covered employee or a dependent of a covered employee is not entitled to compensation or benefits under this title as a result of:
(1)
an intentional, self-inflicted accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease; or
(2)
an attempt to injure or kill another.
(b)
A covered employee or a dependent of a covered employee is not entitled to compensation or benefits under this title as a result of an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease if:
(1)
the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease was caused solely by the effect on the covered employee of:
(i)
a depressant, hallucinogenic, hypnotic, narcotic, or stimulant drug; or
(ii)
another drug that makes the covered employee incapable of satisfactory job performance; and
(2)
the drug was not administered or taken in accordance with the prescription of a physician.
(c)
A covered employee or a dependent of a covered employee is not entitled to compensation or benefits under this title as a result of an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease if the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease was caused solely by the intoxication of the covered employee while on duty.
(d)
(1)
In this subsection, “primary cause” means the cause that is first in importance.
(2)
(i)
Except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, a covered employee or dependent of a covered employee is not entitled to compensation or benefits under this title, except for medical benefits under §§ 9-660 and 9-661 of this title, as a result of an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease, if the primary cause of the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease was the effect on the covered employee of a controlled dangerous substance defined in § 5-101 of the Criminal Law Article or listed in Title 5, Subtitle 4 of the Criminal Law Article.
(ii)
Compensation or benefits shall not be denied under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph if the controlled dangerous substance was administered, taken, or used in accordance with the prescription of a physician and the administering, taking, or use of the controlled dangerous substance was not excessive or abusive.
(3)
Except for medical benefits under §§ 9-660 and 9-661 of this title, a covered employee or dependent of a covered employee is not entitled to compensation or benefits under this title as a result of an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease, if the primary cause of the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease was the intoxication of the covered employee while on duty.
(e)
A covered employee or a dependent of a covered employee is not entitled to compensation or benefits under this title as a result of an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease if the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease was caused by the willful misconduct of the covered employee.
(f)
In a proceeding on a claim for compensation, there is, absent substantial evidence to the contrary, a presumption that an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease:
(1)
was not caused by the intent of the covered employee to injure or kill the covered employee or another individual;
(2)
was not caused solely by the effect on the covered employee of:
(i)
a depressant, hallucinogenic, hypnotic, narcotic, or stimulant drug; or
(ii)
another drug that makes the covered employee incapable of satisfactory job performance; and
(3)
was not caused solely by the intoxication of the covered employee while on duty.
(g)
In a proceeding on a claim for compensation under subsection (d) of this section, there is, absent substantial evidence to the contrary, a presumption that:
(1)
the effect on the covered employee of a controlled dangerous substance was not the primary cause of the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease; and
(2)
the intoxication of the covered employee was not the primary cause of the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-507 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–507Copy Citation

Compensation may not be denied to a covered employee because of the degree of risk of the employment of the covered employee.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-508 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–508Copy Citation

(a)
A principal contractor is liable to pay to a covered employee or the dependents of the covered employee any compensation that the principal contractor would have been liable to pay had the covered employee been employed directly by the principal contractor if:
(1)
the principal contractor undertakes to perform any work that is part of the business, occupation, or trade of the principal contractor;
(2)
the principal contractor contracts with a subcontractor for the execution by or under the subcontractor of all or part of the work undertaken by the principal contractor; and
(3)
the covered employee is employed in the execution of that work.
(b)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, in a claim filed or proceeding brought against a principal contractor by a covered employee employed to execute work as provided in subsection (a) of this section or a dependent of the covered employee, the principal contractor shall be considered the employer of the covered employee for the purposes of this title.
(2)
In computing the average weekly wage of the covered employee under § 9-602 of this title, the Commission shall use as wages of the covered employee the wages paid by the employer who immediately employs the covered employee.
(c)
If an employee of a subcontractor or a dependent of the employee files a claim against a principal contractor under this title, the principal contractor may join the subcontractor and any intermediate contractor as defendant or codefendant.
(d)
If a principal contractor is liable to pay compensation under this section, the principal contractor is entitled to indemnity from any employer who would have been liable to pay compensation independent of this section.
(e)
This section does not prevent a covered employee or a dependent of a covered employee from recovering compensation from a subcontractor instead of the principal contractor.
(f)
(1)
A principal contractor is not liable to pay compensation to an individual under this title if the individual:
(i)
is a corporate officer, or a member of a limited liability company, who elects to be exempt from coverage under § 9-206 of this title;
(ii)
is a partner in a partnership and the partnership does not elect to make the individual a covered employee under § 9-219 of this title; or
(iii)
is a sole proprietor who:
(1)
does not notify the principal contractor, on a form approved by the Commission, of the individual’s status as a covered employee; and
(2)
does not elect to be a covered employee under § 9-227 of this title.
(2)
An individual is presumed to be a sole proprietor who is not a covered employee under this section if:
(i)
a substantial part of the individual’s income is derived from the trade or business for which a principal contractor engages the individual and from which the individual has attempted to earn taxable income; and
(ii)
(1)
the individual notifies the principal contractor on a form approved by the Commission that the individual has not elected to become a covered employee under § 9-227 under this title; or
(2)
the individual has filed the appropriate Internal Revenue Form 1040, Schedule C or F, for the previous taxable year.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-509 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–509Copy Citation

(a)
Except as otherwise provided in this title, the liability of an employer under this title is exclusive.
(b)
Except as otherwise provided in this title, the compensation provided under this title to a covered employee or the dependents of a covered employee is in place of any right of action against any person.
(c)
(1)
If an employer fails to secure compensation in accordance with this title, a covered employee who has sustained an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease or, in case of death, the personal representative of the covered employee may:
(i)
bring a claim for compensation under this title; or
(ii)
bring an action for damages.
(2)
In an action of a covered employee or personal representative under this subsection, an employer may not plead as a defense that:
(i)
the covered employee assumed the risk of employment;
(ii)
the covered employee was contributorily negligent; or
(iii)
the negligence of a fellow servant caused the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease.
(d)
If a covered employee is injured or killed as the result of the deliberate intent of the employer to injure or kill the covered employee, the covered employee or, in the case of death, a surviving spouse, child, or dependent of the covered employee may:
(1)
bring a claim for compensation under this title; or
(2)
bring an action for damages against the employer.
Md. Code Ann., Lab. & Empl. § 9-510 (2026)
Title 9. Workers' Compensation
Subtitle 5. Entitlement to and Liability for Compensation

§ 9–510Copy Citation

(a)
Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, if the provisions of this title that provide compensation for an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease are adjudicated invalid or repealed, a covered employee or a dependent of a covered employee, who would have been entitled to compensation, may bring any action within the earlier of:
(1)
1 year after the adjudication or repeal; or
(2)
the time allowed by law for bringing any action for an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease, not counting the time between the occurrence of the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease or resulting death and the adjudication or repeal.
(b)
An individual may not bring an action for damages for an accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease under this section if compensation for the accidental personal injury, compensable hernia, or occupational disease has been paid in full under this title, either by lump sum or periodic payment.
(c)
Compensation paid under this title shall be credited against a judgment in an action under this section.