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<section article="gps" article_name="Public Safety" number="3-524" title_number="3" title_name="Law Enforcement" subtitle_number="5">
  <level label="a">
    <text>This section shall be known as the Maryland Use of Force Statute.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <level label="1">
      <text>In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>“Law enforcement agency” has the meaning stated in § 3–201 of this title.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>“Police officer” means:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>a police officer as defined in § 3–201 of this title; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>a special police officer as defined in § 3–301 of this title.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>“Serious physical injury” has the meaning stated in § 3–201 of the Criminal Law Article.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <text>Each police officer shall sign an affirmative written sanctity of life pledge to respect every human life and act with compassion toward others.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <level label="1">
      <text>A police officer may not use force against a person unless, under the totality of the circumstances, the force is necessary and proportional to:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>prevent an imminent threat of physical injury to a person; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>effectuate a legitimate law enforcement objective.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>A police officer shall cease the use of force as soon as:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>the person on whom the force is used:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>is under the police officer’s control; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>no longer poses an imminent threat of physical injury or death to the police officer or to another person; or</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>the police officer determines that force will no longer accomplish a legitimate law enforcement objective.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="e">
    <text>A police officer shall:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>when time, circumstances, and safety allow, take steps to gain compliance and de–escalate conflict without using physical force;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>intervene to prevent or terminate the use of force by another police officer beyond what is authorized under subsection (d) of this section;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>render basic first aid to a person injured as a result of police action and promptly request appropriate medical assistance; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>fully document all use of force incidents that the officer observed or was involved in.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="f">
    <text>A police supervisor shall:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>respond to the scene of any incident during which a police officer used physical force and caused serious physical injury; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>gather and review all known video recordings of a use of force incident.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="g">
    <text>A law enforcement agency shall:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>have a written de–escalation of force policy; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>adopt a written policy requiring supervisory and command–level review of all use of force incidents.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="h">
    <text>A police officer shall:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>undergo training on when a police officer may or may not draw a firearm or point a firearm at a person and enforcement options that are less likely to cause death or serious physical injury, including scenario–based training, de–escalation tactics and techniques, and reasonable alternatives to decrease physical injury; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>sign a training completion document stating that the officer understands and shall comply with the Maryland Use of Force Statute.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="i">
    <level label="1">
      <text>A police officer may not intentionally violate subsection (d) of this section, resulting in serious physical injury or death to a person.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>A police officer who violates paragraph (1) of this subsection is guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 10 years.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>A sentence imposed under this subsection may be separate from and consecutive to or concurrent with a sentence for any crime based on the act establishing a violation of this subsection.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
</section>
