<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<section article="grp" article_name="Real Property" number="14-120" title_number="14" title_name="Miscellaneous Rules" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Miscellaneous Rules">
  <level label="a">
    <level label="1">
      <text>In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>“Commercial property” does not include residential rental property.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>“Community association” means:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>A nonprofit association, corporation, or other organization that is:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>Comprised of residents of a community within which a nuisance is located;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>Operated exclusively for the promotion of social welfare and general neighborhood improvement and enhancement; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="3">
          <text>Exempt from taxation under § 501(c)(3) or (4) of the Internal Revenue Code; or</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>A nonprofit association, corporation, or other organization that is:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>Comprised of residents of a contiguous community that is defined by specific geographic boundaries, within which a nuisance is located; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>Operated for the promotion of the welfare, improvement and enhancement of that community.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>“Controlled dangerous substance” means a substance listed in Schedule I or Schedule II under § 5–402 or § 5–403 of the Criminal Law Article.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="5">
      <text>“Nuisance” means a property that is used:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <level label="1">
          <text>By persons who assemble for the specific purpose of illegally administering a controlled dangerous substance;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>For the illegal manufacture, or distribution of:</text>
        </level>
        <level label="A">
          <text>A controlled dangerous substance; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="B">
          <text>Controlled paraphernalia, as defined in § 5–101 of the Criminal Law Article; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="3">
          <text>For the illegal storage or concealment of a controlled dangerous substance in sufficient quantity to reasonably indicate under all the circumstances an intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense:</text>
        </level>
        <level label="A">
          <text>A controlled dangerous substance; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="B">
          <text>Controlled paraphernalia, as defined in § 5–101 of the Criminal Law Article; or</text>
        </level>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>For prostitution.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="6">
      <level label="i">
        <text>“Operator” means a person that exercises control over property.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>“Operator” includes a property manager or any other person that is authorized to evict a tenant.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="7">
      <text>“Owner” includes an owner–occupant.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="8">
      <text>“Owner–occupant” includes an owner of commercial property that conducts business in any part of the property.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="9">
      <text>“Property” includes a mobile home.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="10">
      <text>“Prostitution” has the meaning stated in § 11–301 of the Criminal Law Article.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="11">
      <level label="i">
        <text>“Tenant” means the lessee or a person occupying property, whether or not a party to a lease.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>“Tenant” includes a lessee or a person occupying a mobile home, whether or not a party to a lease.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>“Tenant” does not include:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>The owner of the property; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>A mobile home owner who leases or rents a site for residential use and resides in a mobile home park.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <text>An action under § 4–401 of the Courts Article to abate a nuisance may be brought by:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>The State’s Attorney of the county in which the nuisance is located;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The county attorney or solicitor of the county in which the nuisance is located;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>A community association within whose boundaries the nuisance is located; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>A municipal corporation within whose boundaries the nuisance is located.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <text>An action under § 4–401 of the Courts Article to abate a nuisance may be brought against:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>A tenant of the property where the nuisance is located;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>An owner of the property where the nuisance is located; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>An operator of the property where the nuisance is located.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <level label="1">
      <level label="i">
        <text>Except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, an action may not be brought under this section concerning a commercial property until 30 days after the tenant, if any, and owner of record receive notice from a person entitled to bring an action under this section that a nuisance exists.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>In Baltimore City, an action may not be brought under this section concerning a commercial property until 15 days after the tenant, if any, and owner of record receive notice from a person entitled to bring an action under this section that a nuisance exists.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The notice shall specify:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>The date and time of day the nuisance was first discovered; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>The location on the property where the nuisance is allegedly occurring.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>The notice shall be:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>Hand delivered to the tenant, if any, and the owner of record; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>Sent by certified mail to the tenant, if any, and the owner of record.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="e">
    <level label="1">
      <text>In addition to any service of process required by the Maryland Rules, the plaintiff shall cause to be posted in a conspicuous place on the property no later than 48 hours before the hearing the notice required under paragraph (2) of this subsection.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The notice shall indicate:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>The nature of the proceedings;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>The time and place of the hearing; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>The name and telephone number of the person to contact for additional information.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="f">
    <text>A plaintiff is entitled to relief under this section whether or not an adequate remedy exists at law.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="g">
    <level label="1">
      <text>If, after a hearing, the court determines that a nuisance exists, the court may order any appropriate injunctive or other equitable relief.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>Notwithstanding any other provision of law, and in addition to or as a component of any remedy ordered under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the court may order:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>A tenant who knew or should have known of the existence of the nuisance to vacate the property within 72 hours; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>An owner or operator of the property to submit for court approval a plan of correction to ensure, to the extent reasonably possible, that the property will not again be used for a nuisance if:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>The owner or operator is a party to the action; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>The owner or operator knew or should have known of the existence of the nuisance.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="h">
    <level label="1">
      <level label="i">
        <text>If a tenant fails to comply with an order under subsection (g) of this section and the owner or operator, and tenant, are parties to the action, the court, after a hearing, may order restitution of the possession of the property to the owner or operator.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>If the court orders restitution of the possession of the property under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph, the court shall immediately issue its warrant to the sheriff or constable commanding execution of the warrant within 5 days after issuance of the warrant.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <level label="i">
        <text>This paragraph does not apply to an action brought under this section alleging the use of a property for prostitution.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>If an owner, including an owner–occupant, fails to comply with an order under subsection (g) of this section, after a hearing the court may, in addition to issuing a contempt order or an order for any other relief, order that:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>The property be sold, at the owner’s expense, in accordance with the Maryland Rules governing judicial sales; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>The property be demolished if the property is unfit for habitation and the estimated cost of rehabilitation significantly exceeds the estimated market value of the property after rehabilitation.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <level label="i">
        <text>This paragraph applies only to an action brought under this section alleging the use of a property for prostitution.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>If an owner, including an owner–occupant, fails to comply with an order under subsection (g) of this section, after a hearing, the court may issue a contempt order.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>If an owner–occupant fails to comply with an order under subsection (g) of this section regarding a nuisance in the owner–occupied unit of the property, after a hearing the court may, in addition to issuing a contempt order or an order for any other relief, order that:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>The owner–occupied unit be vacated within 72 hours; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>The owner–occupied unit remain unoccupied for a period not to exceed 1 year or until the property is sold in an arm’s length transaction.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="i">
    <text>Except as provided in subsection (g)(2) of this section, the court may order appropriate relief under subsection (g) of this section without proof that a defendant knew of the existence of the nuisance.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="j">
    <text>In any action brought under this section:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>Evidence of the general reputation of the property is admissible to corroborate testimony based on personal knowledge or observation, or evidence seized during the execution of a search and seizure warrant, but shall not, in and of itself, be sufficient to establish the existence of a nuisance under this section; and</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>Evidence that the nuisance had been discontinued at the time of the filing of the complaint or at the time of the hearing does not bar the imposition of appropriate relief by the court under subsection (g) of this section.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="k">
    <level label="1">
      <text>This subsection does not apply to an action against an owner, other than an owner–occupant, brought under this section alleging the use of a property for prostitution.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The court may award court costs and reasonable attorney’s fees to a community association that is the prevailing plaintiff in an action brought under this section.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="l">
    <text>An action under this section shall be heard within 14 days after service of process on the parties.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="m">
    <text>This section does not abrogate any equitable or legal right or remedy under existing law to abate a nuisance.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="n">
    <level label="1">
      <text>An appeal from a judgment or order under this section shall be filed within 10 days after the date of the order or judgment.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>If either party files a request for oral argument, the court shall hear the oral argument within 7 days after the request is filed.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <level label="i">
        <text>If the appellant files a request for oral argument, the request shall be filed at the time of the filing of the appeal.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>If the appellee files a request for oral argument, the request shall be filed within 2 days of receiving notice of the appeal.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="o">
    <text>Provisions of this article or public local laws applicable to actions between a landlord and tenant are not applicable to actions brought against a landlord or a tenant under this section.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="p">
    <text>All proceedings under this section are equitable in nature.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="q">
    <level label="1">
      <text>Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, when necessary to accomplish the purposes of this section, a law enforcement officer, an attorney in a municipal or county attorney’s office, or an attorney in an office of the State’s Attorney may disclose the contents of an executed search warrant and papers filed in connection with the search warrant to:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>An officer or director of the community association in which the nuisance is located, or the attorney representing the community association;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>An owner, tenant, or operator of the searched property or an agent of the owner, tenant, or operator of the searched property; or</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>An attorney in a municipal or county attorney’s office.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>An affidavit may not be disclosed under this subsection while under seal in accordance with § 1–203 of the Criminal Procedure Article.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
</section>
