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<section article="grp" article_name="Real Property" number="14-132" title_number="14" title_name="Miscellaneous Rules" subtitle_number="1" subtitle_name="Miscellaneous Rules">
  <level label="a">
    <text>In this section, “wrongful detainer” means to hold possession of real property without the right of possession.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="b">
    <text>This section does not apply if:</text>
    <level label="1">
      <text>The person in actual possession of the property has been granted possession under a court order;</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>A remedy is available under Title 8 of this article; or</text>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>Any other exclusive means to recover possession is provided by statute or rule.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="c">
    <text>A person may not hold possession of property unless the person is entitled to possession of the property under the law.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="d">
    <level label="1">
      <text>If a person violates subsection (c) of this section, a person claiming possession may make complaint in writing to the District Court of the county in which the property is located.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <level label="i">
        <text>On receipt of a complaint under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the court shall summons immediately the person in possession to appear before the court on the day specified in the summons to show cause, if any, why restitution of the possession of the property to the person filing the complaint should not be made.</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>A hearing scheduled under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph shall be held not more than 10 business days after the complaint is filed under paragraph (1) of this subsection.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>If, for any reason, the person in actual possession cannot be found after two good faith efforts on different days, the person authorized to serve process by the Maryland Rules shall:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>File an affidavit with the court describing the good faith efforts to serve the person in actual possession;</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>Mail a copy of the complaint by certified mail, return receipt requested, and first–class mail to the last known address of the person in actual possession and, if different, to the address of the residential property subject to the complaint; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="iii">
        <text>Affix an attested copy of the summons conspicuously on the property.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>If notice of the summons is sent to the person in possession in accordance with paragraph (3) of this subsection, the notice shall constitute sufficient service to support restitution of possession.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="5">
      <text>Service shall be made under paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection within 4 business days after the complaint is filed under paragraph (1) of this subsection.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="e">
    <text>A counterclaim or cross–claim may not be filed in an action brought under this section.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="f">
    <level label="1">
      <text>If the court determines that the complainant is legally entitled to possession, the court shall:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>Give judgment for restitution of the possession of the property to the complainant; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>Issue its warrant to the sheriff or constable commanding the sheriff or constable to deliver possession to the complainant.</text>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The court may also give judgment in favor of the complainant for damages due to the wrongful detainer and for court costs and attorney fees if:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>The complainant claimed damages in the complaint; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <text>The court finds that:</text>
        <level label="1">
          <text>The person in actual possession was personally served with the summons; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>There was service of process or submission to the jurisdiction of the court as would support a judgment in contract or tort.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>A person in actual possession who is not personally served with a summons is not subject to the personal jurisdiction of the District Court if the person appears in response to the summons and prior to the time that evidence is taken by the court and asserts that the appearance is only for the purpose of defending an in rem action.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="g">
    <text>Subject to § 8–118.1 of this article, a party to a wrongful detainer action brought in the District Court under this section may demand a trial by jury in accordance with Title 8, Subtitle 6 of this article.</text>
  </level>
  <level label="h">
    <level label="1">
      <text>Not later than 10 days from the entry of the judgment of the District Court, either party may appeal to the circuit court for the county in which the property is located.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="2">
      <text>The person in actual possession of the property may retain possession until the determination of the appeal if the person:</text>
      <level label="i">
        <text>Files with the court an affidavit that the appeal is not taken for delay; and</text>
      </level>
      <level label="ii">
        <level label="1">
          <text>Files sufficient bond with one or more securities conditioned on diligent prosecution of the appeal; or</text>
        </level>
        <level label="2">
          <text>Pays to the complainant or into the appellate court:</text>
        </level>
        <level label="A">
          <text>The fair rental value of the property for the entire period of possession up to the date of judgment;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="B">
          <text>All court costs in the case;</text>
        </level>
        <level label="C">
          <text>All losses or damages other than the fair rental value of the property up to the day of judgment that the court determined to be due because of the detention of possession; and</text>
        </level>
        <level label="D">
          <text>The fair rental value of the property during the pendency of the appeal.</text>
        </level>
      </level>
    </level>
    <level label="3">
      <text>On application of either party, the court shall set a hearing date for the appeal that is not less than 5 days or more than 15 days after the application for appeal.</text>
    </level>
    <level label="4">
      <text>Notice of the order for a hearing shall be served on the parties or the parties’ counsels not less than 5 days before the hearing.</text>
    </level>
  </level>
  <level label="i">
    <text>If the judgment of the circuit court shall be in favor of the person claiming possession, a warrant shall be issued by the court to the sheriff, who shall proceed immediately to execute the warrant.</text>
  </level>
</section>
