Transportation (GTR) — Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Statutes in effect as of October 1, 2026.
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-101 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–101LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
An individual may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless:
(i)
The individual holds a driver’s license issued under this title;
(ii)
The individual is expressly exempt from the licensing requirements of this title; or
(iii)
The individual otherwise is specifically authorized by this title to drive vehicles of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(2)
On portions of a highway in the State where driving an all–terrain vehicle or a snowmobile is authorized by this article, an individual may not drive or attempt to drive an all–terrain vehicle or a snowmobile on the highway unless:
(i)
The individual holds a driver’s license issued under this title; or
(ii)
The individual is expressly exempt from the licensing requirements of this title.
(b)
Each individual operating on any highway in this State a moped, as defined in § 11–134.1 of this article or a motor scooter, as defined in § 11–134.5 of this article, shall have with the individual:
(1)
A driver’s license issued to the individual under this title, which license may be of any class issued by the Administration;
(2)
If the individual is a nonresident of this State, a license to drive issued to the individual by the state or country of the individual’s residence, which license may be for any class of vehicle; or
(3)
A moped operator’s permit issued to the individual under this subtitle.
(c)
A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to:
(1)
For a first offense, imprisonment not exceeding 60 days or a fine not exceeding $500 or both; and
(2)
For a second or subsequent offense, imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-102 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–102LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The licensing requirements of this title do not apply to:
(1)
An officer or employee of the United States while driving on official business a motor vehicle other than a commercial motor vehicle owned or operated by the United States;
(2)
Except for members elected from this State, a member of the United States Congress who resides in this State during his term of office in the Congress;
(3)
An individual while driving any road machine, farm tractor, or farm equipment temporarily driven on a highway in this State, or dock equipment at Dundalk or Locust Point marine terminals which does not require registration under the provisions of this article;
(4)
An individual who, while driving a mobile crane on a highway to or from a construction site in this State, has with him a valid Class A, B, or C license issued to him under § 16–104.1 of this subtitle or a Class A or B commercial driver’s license issued to him under this title;
(5)
A nonresident student enrolled in an accredited school, college, or university of this State or of a bordering state or serving a medical internship in this State, if:
(i)
The state of which the student is a resident extends the same privileges to the residents of this State;
(ii)
The student has with him a license to drive issued to him by the state of which he is a resident; and
(iii)
The license authorizes the student to drive in the state of which he is a resident vehicles of the class he is driving in this State;
(6)
A new resident of this State during the first 60 days of residency, if:
(i)
The individual has a valid license issued by the state of which the individual formerly was a resident;
(ii)
The license authorizes the individual to drive in the state of former residence vehicles of the class the individual is driving in this State; and
(iii)
The individual is at least the same age as that required for a resident to drive a vehicle of the same class the individual is driving in this State;
(7)
A member of the uniformed services who is serving on active duty and any dependent of the member, if:
(i)
The driver has in the driver’s possession a license to drive issued to the driver by the driver’s state of domicile; and
(ii)
The license authorizes the driver to drive in the driver’s state of domicile vehicles of the class the driver is driving in this State;
(8)
For not more than 30 days after he returns to the United States, a member of the armed forces of the United States who is returning from active duty outside the United States and any dependent of the member who is returning from residence with the member outside the United States; if:
(i)
The driver has with him a license to drive issued to him by the armed forces of the United States in a place outside the United States; and
(ii)
The license authorizes the driver to drive vehicles of the class he is driving in this State;
(9)
A nonresident of this State if:
(i)
He has with him a license to drive issued to him by the state of his residence;
(ii)
His license authorizes him to drive in that state vehicles of the class he is driving in this State; and
(iii)
He is at least the same age as that required of a resident for the vehicle he is driving in this State;
(10)
A nonresident of the United States if:
(i)
The individual has a valid license to drive issued to the individual by the country of residence;
(ii)
The individual’s license authorizes him to drive in that country vehicles of the class he is driving in this State;
(iii)
The individual is at least the same age as that required of a resident for the vehicle he is driving in this State; and
(iv)
Except as provided for in Subtitle 8 of this title, the vehicle is not a commercial motor vehicle;
(11)
A member of the Maryland National Guard or a National Guard military technician if:
(i)
The driver is driving a military vehicle in the performance of duty; and
(ii)
The driver has with him an operator’s identification card issued by the Maryland National Guard for the type of military vehicle being driven; and
(12)
A member or employee of a fire department, rescue squad, emergency medical services unit, or volunteer fire company while driving an emergency vehicle if the driver:
(i)
Holds a valid Class C license issued to the driver under § 16–104.1 of this subtitle;
(ii)
Has been authorized by the political subdivision that operates a fire department, rescue squad, emergency medical services unit, or volunteer fire department to operate the type of emergency vehicle being driven; and
(iii)
Is driving the emergency vehicle in the performance of the official duties of the driver in or out of this State.
(b)
(1)
The Administration shall adopt regulations that establish mandatory training and testing requirements that a political subdivision that operates a fire department, rescue squad, emergency medical services unit, or volunteer fire department must implement before the political subdivision may authorize an individual to operate an emergency vehicle in accordance with subsection (a)(12) of this section.
(2)
The Administration shall adopt the regulations required under this subsection in consultation with:
(i)
The Maryland Firefighters Association;
(ii)
The Maryland Fire Chief’s Association;
(iii)
The Professional Firefighters Association of Maryland;
(iv)
The Metropolitan Fire Chief’s Council; and
(v)
The Maryland Fire and Rescue Institute of the University of Maryland.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-103 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–103LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, the Administration may not issue a driver’s license to any individual who is not at least 18 years old.
(b)
(1)
Except as provided under paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administration may issue a noncommercial Class B, C, or M license to an individual under the age of 18 if the individual otherwise qualifies for a driver’s license under this subtitle.
(2)
The Administration may not issue a Class M license to an individual under the age of 18 years unless the individual has also completed satisfactorily a motorcycle safety course approved under Subtitle 6 of this title.
(c)
The Administration may not issue:
(1)
A learner’s instructional permit to any individual who has not reached the age of 15 years, 9 months;
(2)
A provisional license to any individual who has not reached the age of 16 years, 6 months; or
(3)
A license to any individual who has not reached the age of 18 years.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-103.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–103.1LinkCopy Citation
The Administration may not issue a driver’s license to an individual:
(1)
During any period for which the individual’s license to drive is revoked, suspended, refused, or canceled in this or any other state, unless the individual is eligible for a restricted license under § 16–113(e) of this subtitle;
(2)
Who is an habitual drunkard, habitual user of narcotic drugs, or habitual user of any other drug to a degree that renders the individual incapable of safely driving a motor vehicle;
(3)
Who previously has been adjudged to be suffering from any mental disability or mental disease and who, at the time of application, has not been adjudged competent;
(4)
Who is required by this title to take an examination, unless the individual has passed the examination;
(5)
Whose driving of a motor vehicle on the highways the Administration has good cause to believe would be inimical to public safety or welfare;
(6)
Who is unable to exercise reasonable control over a motor vehicle due to disease or a physical disability, including the loss of an arm or leg or both, except that, if the individual passes the examination required by this title, the Administration may issue the individual a restricted license requiring the individual to wear a workable artificial limb or other similar body attachment;
(7)
Who is unable to understand highway warning or direction signs written in the English language;
(8)
Who is unable to sign the individual’s name for identification purposes;
(9)
Who is 70 years old or older and applying for a new license, unless the applicant presents to the Administration:
(i)
Proof of the individual’s previous satisfactory operation of a motor vehicle; or
(ii)
A written certification acceptable to the Administration from a licensed physician attesting to the general physical and mental qualifications of the applicant;
(10)
Who does not provide satisfactory documentary evidence of lawful status;
(11)
Who does not provide:
(i)
Satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant has a valid Social Security number by presenting the applicant’s Social Security Administration account card or, if the Social Security Administration account card is not available, any of the following documents bearing the applicant’s Social Security number:
(1)
A current W–2 form;
(2)
A current SSA–1099 form;
(3)
A current non–SSA–1099 form; or
(4)
A current pay stub with the applicant’s name and Social Security number on it; or
(ii)
Satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant is not eligible for a Social Security number; or
(12)
Who otherwise does not qualify for a license under this title.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-104.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–104.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
A noncommercial Class A driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive combinations of Class F (tractor) and Class G (trailer) vehicles and any vehicle that a noncommercial Class B driver’s license authorizes its holder to drive, except:
(i)
Commercial motor vehicles; and
(ii)
Motorcycles other than autocycles.
(2)
An individual who is issued a noncommercial Class A driver’s license under this subsection may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless a noncommercial Class A driver’s license authorizes the individual to drive a vehicle of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(b)
(1)
A noncommercial Class B driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive any single vehicle or combinations of vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) or gross combination weight rating (GCWR), as defined in § 16–803 of this title, of 26,001 pounds and more and any vehicle that a noncommercial Class C driver’s license authorizes its holder to drive, except:
(i)
Commercial motor vehicles;
(ii)
Motorcycles other than autocycles; and
(iii)
Combinations of Class F (tractor) and Class G (trailer) vehicles.
(2)
An individual who is issued a noncommercial Class B driver’s license under this subsection may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless a noncommercial Class B driver’s license authorizes the individual to drive a vehicle of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(c)
(1)
A noncommercial Class C driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive any vehicle or combination of vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), as defined in § 16–803 of this title, of less than 26,001 pounds, except:
(i)
Commercial motor vehicles; and
(ii)
Motorcycles other than autocycles.
(2)
An individual who is issued a noncommercial Class C driver’s license under this subsection may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless a noncommercial Class C driver’s license authorizes the individual to drive a vehicle of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(d)
(1)
A Class M driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive motorcycles other than autocycles.
(2)
An individual who is issued a Class M driver’s license under this subsection may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless a Class M driver’s license authorizes the individual to drive a vehicle of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(e)
(1)
This subsection does not apply to an autocycle or when the towing vehicle is a commercial motor vehicle.
(2)
Subject to the provisions of this section, a noncommercial Class A, B, or C license holder may:
(i)
Tow any travel trailer as defined in § 11–170 of this article;
(ii)
Tow any camping trailer as defined in § 11–106 of this article; or
(iii)
Tow any boat trailer as defined in § 11–104.1 of this article.
(f)
This section applies to any license issued or renewed on or after January 1, 1990.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-104.2 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–104.2LinkCopy Citation
(a)
On application, the Administration shall issue a moped operator’s permit to an applicant who:
(1)
Is 16 years of age or older;
(2)
Does not possess a valid driver’s license issued by this State or any other jurisdiction, but whose license or privilege to drive is not revoked, suspended, refused, or canceled;
(3)
Provides satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant has lawful status; and
(4)
(i)
Provides satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant has a valid Social Security number by presenting the applicant’s Social Security Administration account card or, if the Social Security Administration account card is not available, any of the following documents bearing the applicant’s Social Security number:
(1)
A current W–2 form;
(2)
A current SSA–1099 form;
(3)
A current non–SSA–1099 form; or
(4)
A current pay stub with the applicant’s name and Social Security number on it; or
(ii)
Provides satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant is not eligible for a Social Security number.
(b)
An applicant is entitled to receive a moped operator’s permit if the applicant:
(1)
Passes the examination provided for in § 16–110(c)(1) of this subtitle;
(2)
Pays the fee provided for in this section; and
(3)
Provides the documentary evidence described in subsection (a) of this section.
(c)
Each application for a moped operator’s permit shall be on a form and contain the information that the Administration requires and each permit issued shall be of a size, design, and content that the Administration specifies.
(d)
(1)
A permit is not valid unless the applicant signs the applicant’s name on it in the applicant’s usual signature.
(2)
When issued and signed, a moped operator’s permit only authorizes its holder to operate a moped, as defined in § 11–134.1 of this article or a motor scooter, as defined in § 11–134.5 of this article.
(e)
(1)
Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, a moped operator’s permit expires at the end of a period of not more than 5 years determined in regulations adopted by the Administration.
(2)
(i)
If an applicant has temporary lawful status, the Administration may not issue a moped operator’s permit to the applicant for a period that extends beyond the expiration date of the applicant’s authorized stay in the United States or, if there is no expiration date, for a period longer than 1 year.
(ii)
Nothing contained in this paragraph may be construed to allow the issuance of a moped operator’s permit for a period longer than the period described in paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(iii)
The Administration shall indicate on the face and in the machine–readable zone of a temporary moped operator’s permit issued under this paragraph that the permit is a temporary moped operator’s permit.
(3)
It may be renewed on application and payment of the fee required by subsection (f) of this section.
(f)
(1)
For issuance or renewal of a moped operator’s permit, an applicant shall pay the Administration a fee established by the Administration.
(2)
For issuance of a duplicate moped operator’s permit, an applicant shall pay the Administration a fee established by the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-105 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–105LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
Any individual who desires to obtain an original driver’s license under this subtitle or to be licensed in a class for which the individual is not already licensed under this subtitle shall apply to the Administration for the desired driver’s license.
(2)
Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, before issuing a driver’s license, the Administration shall issue to each applicant a learner’s instructional permit. The learner’s instructional permit shall identify clearly the class of license for which the applicant has applied.
(3)
(i)
Each applicant for a learner’s instructional permit who is under the age of 16 years shall present to the Administration a copy of the applicant’s school attendance record.
(ii)
The Administration may not issue a learner’s instructional permit to an applicant under the age of 16 years if the applicant’s school attendance record indicates more than 10 unexcused absences during the prior school semester.
(b)
(1)
The holder of a learner’s instructional permit may drive the same vehicle and combinations of vehicles as may a holder of the class of driver’s license for which the permit holder has applied, but only while accompanied by and under the immediate supervision of an individual who:
(i)
Is at least 21 years old;
(ii)
Has been licensed for at least 3 years in this State or in another state to drive vehicles of the class then being driven by the holder of the learner’s instructional permit; and
(iii)
Unless the vehicle is a motorcycle, is seated beside the holder of the learner’s instructional permit.
(2)
The individual supervising the holder of the learner’s instructional permit under paragraph (1) of this subsection is the only individual allowed in the front seat of a motor vehicle with the permit holder while the permit holder is driving.
(c)
The holder of a learner’s instructional permit for a motorcycle may drive the motorcycle with another individual on it only if the other individual is one described in subsection (b)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section.
(d)
(1)
This subsection applies to an individual who:
(i)
Seeks to obtain an original driver’s license under this subtitle; and
(ii)
Does not qualify for a learner’s instructional permit under subsection (e) of this section.
(2)
Except as provided in paragraph (3) of this subsection, an individual under the age of 19 years who holds a learner’s instructional permit may not take a driver skills examination or driver road examination for a provisional license:
(i)
Sooner than 9 months following the later of:
(1)
The date that the individual first obtains the learner’s instructional permit; or
(2)
The most recent date the individual was convicted of, or granted probation before judgment under § 6–220 of the Criminal Procedure Article for, a moving violation;
(ii)
Until after successful completion of:
(1)
The driver education program approved under Subtitle 5 of this title, consisting of at least 30 hours of classroom instruction and at least 6 hours of highway driving instruction; and
(2)
At least 60 hours, 10 hours of which must occur during the period beginning 30 minutes before sunset and ending 30 minutes after sunrise, of behind–the–wheel driving practice supervised by an individual who:
(A)
Holds a valid driver’s license;
(B)
Is at least 21 years old; and
(C)
Has been licensed to drive for at least 3 years; and
(iii)
Unless the individual submits, in accordance with the Administration’s regulations, a completed skills log book signed by:
(1)
Each supervising driver who certifies that the individual has satisfactorily demonstrated a required skill and has completed the driving practice requirements of item (ii)2 of this paragraph; and
(2)
If a signature of a parent, guardian, or other person is required under § 16–107 of this subtitle, the parent, guardian, or other person who signs the individual’s application under that section.
(3)
An individual who holds a learner’s instructional permit and who is 18 years old and has a high school diploma or its equivalent or is at least 19 years old but under the age of 25 years may not take a driver skills examination or driver road examination for a provisional license:
(i)
Sooner than the later of:
(1)
3 months following the date that the individual first obtains the learner’s instructional permit; or
(2)
9 months following the most recent date the individual was convicted of, or granted probation before judgment for, a moving violation;
(ii)
Until after successful completion of:
(1)
A standard driver education program approved under Subtitle 5 of this title, consisting of at least 30 hours of classroom instruction and at least 6 hours of highway driving instruction; and
(2)
At least 60 hours, 10 hours of which must occur during the period beginning 30 minutes before sunset and ending 30 minutes after sunrise, of behind–the–wheel driving practice supervised by an individual who:
(A)
Holds a valid driver’s license;
(B)
Is at least 21 years old; and
(C)
Has been licensed to drive for at least 3 years; and
(iii)
Unless the individual submits, in accordance with the Administration’s regulations, a completed skills log book signed by each supervising driver who certifies that the individual has satisfactorily demonstrated a required skill and has completed the driving practice requirements under this paragraph.
(4)
An individual at least 25 years old who holds a learner’s instructional permit and has not been convicted of, or granted probation before judgment for, a moving violation may not take a driver skills examination or driver road examination for a provisional license:
(i)
Sooner than 45 days following the date that the individual first obtains the learner’s instructional permit;
(ii)
Until after successful completion of:
(1)
A standard driver education program approved under Subtitle 5 of this title, consisting of at least 30 hours of classroom instruction and at least 6 hours of highway driving instruction; and
(2)
At least 14 hours, 3 hours of which must occur during the period beginning 30 minutes before sunset and ending 30 minutes after sunrise, of behind–the–wheel driving practice supervised by an individual who:
(A)
Holds a valid driver’s license;
(B)
Is at least 21 years old; and
(C)
Has been licensed to drive for at least 3 years; and
(iii)
Unless the individual submits, in accordance with the Administration’s regulations, a completed skills log book signed by each supervising driver who certifies that the individual has satisfactorily demonstrated a required skill and has completed the driving practice requirements under this paragraph.
(5)
An individual at least 25 years old who holds a learner’s instructional permit and has been convicted of, or granted probation before judgment for, at least one moving violation may not take a driver skills examination or driver road examination for a provisional license:
(i)
Sooner than 9 months following the most recent date the individual was convicted of, or granted probation before judgment for, a moving violation;
(ii)
Until after successful completion of:
(1)
A standard driver education program approved under Subtitle 5 of this title, consisting of at least 30 hours of classroom instruction and at least 6 hours of highway driving instruction; and
(2)
At least 14 hours, 3 hours of which must occur during the period beginning 30 minutes before sunset and ending 30 minutes after sunrise, of behind–the–wheel driving practice supervised by an individual who:
(A)
Holds a valid driver’s license;
(B)
Is at least 21 years old; and
(C)
Has been licensed to drive for at least 3 years; and
(iii)
Unless the individual submits, in accordance with the Administration’s regulations, a completed skills log book signed by each supervising driver who certifies that the individual has satisfactorily demonstrated a required skill and has completed the driving practice requirements under this paragraph.
(6)
A learner’s instructional permit issued to an individual described in paragraph (1) of this subsection expires 2 years after the date of issuance.
(e)
(1)
This subsection only applies to an individual who holds a license and who seeks a different class license to drive a motor vehicle that, under the individual’s current license, the individual is not authorized to drive.
(2)
The holder of a learner’s instructional permit may not take the driver’s license examination sooner than 14 days after the permit is issued.
(3)
The 14 days’ requirement may be waived if a subsequent learner’s instructional permit is issued or applied for.
(4)
A learner’s instructional permit issued to an individual described in paragraph (1) of this subsection expires 1 year after the date of issuance.
(5)
A commercial driver’s instructional permit issued to an individual described in paragraph (1) of this subsection expires 1 year after the date of issuance.
(f)
(1)
Subject to paragraph (3) of this subsection, the Administration may issue a driver’s license, without first issuing a learner’s instructional permit and without a waiting period, to any individual who:
(i)
Has been licensed regularly to drive in this State, in another state or country, or by the armed forces of the United States, if the Administration is satisfied that the applicant’s experience in driving vehicles of the type that would be authorized by the license class applied for is sufficient to justify issuance of the license without further training; or
(ii)
Has successfully completed the Administration approved basic motorcycle safety course.
(2)
The Administration may:
(i)
Examine the applicant’s driving as provided in § 16–110 of this subtitle; or
(ii)
Issue a provisional license, if appropriate, under § 16–111(e) of this subtitle.
(3)
An individual who never held a driver’s license issued by the Administration or by another state, but who otherwise may obtain a license under paragraph (1)(i) of this subsection without first obtaining a learner’s instructional permit, shall successfully complete a 3–hour Roadway Safety Driving Education Program established by the Administration under § 16–212.1 of this title before qualifying for a driver’s license.
(g)
An individual holding a learner’s instructional permit issued under this section may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State in violation of any of the provisions of this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-106 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–106LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Each application for a driver’s license shall be made on the form that the Administration requires.
(b)
The application shall state:
(1)
The full name, Maryland residence address, race, sex, height, weight, general physical condition, and date of birth of the applicant;
(2)
Whether the applicant previously has been refused a license to drive and, if so:
(i)
By what state or country; and
(ii)
The date of and reason for the refusal;
(3)
Whether the applicant previously has been licensed to drive and, if so:
(i)
When and by what state or country; and
(ii)
Whether the license ever has been suspended, revoked, or canceled and, if so, the date of and reason for the suspension, revocation, or cancellation;
(4)
Subject to the provisions of subsection (c) of this section, the applicant’s Social Security number; and
(5)
Any other pertinent information that the Administration requires.
(c)
An applicant shall provide:
(1)
Satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant has a valid Social Security number by presenting the applicant’s Social Security Administration account card or, if the Social Security Administration account card is not available, any of the following documents bearing the applicant’s Social Security number:
(i)
A current W–2 form;
(ii)
A current SSA–1099 form;
(iii)
A current non–SSA–1099 form; or
(iv)
A current pay stub with the applicant’s name and Social Security number on it; or
(2)
Satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant is not eligible for a Social Security number.
(d)
The applicant shall sign the application and certify that the statements made in it are true.
(e)
(1)
Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, an applicant for an original license shall submit with the application a birth certificate or other proof of age and identity that is satisfactory to the Administration.
(2)
An individual party to an absolute divorce may elect to use a prior legal or true name upon filing an affidavit or other proof, satisfactory to the Administration, of:
(i)
The prior name; and
(ii)
The absolute divorce.
(3)
An applicant who claims a name change by or under the common law of this State or any other state shall submit with the applicant’s application the following:
(i)
An affidavit of the name by which the applicant is known and transacts business, as demonstrated by a Social Security card or record together with documents from at least 2 of the following categories:
(1)
Tax records;
(2)
Selective Service card or records;
(3)
Voter registration card or records;
(4)
Passport;
(5)
A form of identification issued by a government unit that contains a photograph of the applicant;
(6)
Baptismal certificate;
(7)
Banking records; and
(8)
Other proof of age and identity that is satisfactory to the Administration;
(ii)
Any document required under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph reflecting the legal name previously given to, or used by, the applicant prior to assuming the common law name;
(iii)
Any driver’s license issued to the applicant in the name previously used by the applicant prior to assuming the common law name; and
(iv)
A copy of the applicant’s birth certificate or other proof of age and identity that is satisfactory to the Administration.
(4)
An applicant shall provide satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant has lawful status.
(f)
If an individual previously licensed to drive in another jurisdiction applies for a license, the Administration may request a copy of his driving record from the other jurisdiction.
(g)
If another licensing jurisdiction requests a driving record from the Administration, the Administration may send the record to it without charge.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-107 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–107LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The application of a minor for a license shall be cosigned by:
(1)
A parent or guardian of the applicant;
(2)
If the applicant has no parent or guardian or is married, an adult employer of the applicant or any other responsible adult; or
(3)
If the applicant is committed to the custody or guardianship of a local department of social services, the director of the department or the director’s designee.
(b)
The individual cosigning the application of a minor shall:
(1)
(i)
Provide the cosigner’s mailing address to the Administration; and
(ii)
Within 30 days of any change in the mailing address occurring while the applicant or licensee is a minor, notify the Administration of the change; and
(2)
Certify that the statements made in the application are true to the best of the cosigner’s knowledge, information, and belief.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-108 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–108LinkCopy Citation
If, while the licensee is still a minor, the Administration receives from the individual who cosigned the license application of the minor a written request that the license of the minor be canceled, the Administration:
(1)
Shall cancel the license; and
(2)
May not reissue the license until:
(i)
Another qualified adult cosigns and certifies an application as required by § 16–107 of this subtitle; or
(ii)
The minor becomes an adult.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-109 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–109LinkCopy Citation
If, while the licensee is still a minor, the Administration receives satisfactory evidence of the death of the individual who cosigned the license application of the minor, the Administration:
(1)
Shall suspend the license; and
(2)
May not reinstate the license until:
(i)
Another qualified adult cosigns and certifies an application as required by § 16-107 of this subtitle; or
(ii)
The minor becomes an adult.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-110 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–110LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall:
(1)
Establish qualifications for the safe operation of the various classes, types, sizes, or combinations of vehicles; and
(2)
Examine each applicant to determine the applicant’s qualifications for the license class applied for.
(b)
Except as otherwise provided in this title, the Administration shall examine each applicant for an original driver’s license or for a class of driver’s license higher than that which the applicant currently holds.
(c)
(1)
The examination shall include:
(i)
A test of the applicant’s:
(1)
Vision;
(2)
Ability to read and understand highway signs regulating, warning, and directing traffic; and
(3)
Knowledge of the traffic laws of this State and safe driving practices;
(ii)
A demonstration of the applicant’s ability to exercise reasonable control in driving a motor vehicle; and
(iii)
Any other additional physical or mental examination that the Administration considers necessary to determine an applicant’s fitness to drive a motor vehicle safely.
(2)
(i)
(1)
The pool of questions from which the examination required under this subsection draws shall include at least five questions related to motorcycle safety awareness.
(2)
At least one question related to motorcycle safety awareness shall appear on the examination.
(ii)
The questions required by this paragraph shall address:
(1)
Visibility of motorcycles;
(2)
Proper lane positioning around motorcycles;
(3)
Safe following distances around motorcycles;
(4)
Preventing crashes with motorcycles; and
(5)
Any other topic related to motorcycle safety that the Administration deems relevant.
(d)
If an applicant is qualified to take the required examinations for the license applied for, the applicant shall appear in person for examination at any one of the places in this State that the Administration has designated for this purpose.
(e)
(1)
(i)
Subject to subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, for a required driver skills examination or driver road examination, each applicant shall provide a motor vehicle of a type appropriate to test the applicant’s ability to drive all vehicles that may be driven under the license class applied for.
(ii)
An applicant may not use an autocycle to test the applicant’s ability to drive under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph.
(2)
Except as provided in paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection, when the holder of a learner’s instructional permit appears for the driving test, the permit holder shall be accompanied by an individual qualified under § 16–105 of this subtitle to accompany the holder of a learner’s permit while driving on a highway. That individual shall have his driver’s license with him.
(3)
The holder of a Class M (motorcycle) learner’s instructional permit may:
(i)
Transport a motorcycle to the driving test by truck or other vehicle unaccompanied by another individual, if the permit holder is licensed to drive the truck or other vehicle; or
(ii)
Be accompanied by a person transporting a motorcycle to the test by truck or other vehicle, if that person is licensed to drive the truck or other vehicle.
(4)
The holder of a learner’s instructional permit may be driven to the examination station and to the starting point where the examiner begins the test by any individual authorized to drive the class of vehicle in which the test is being given. That individual shall have a valid driver’s license in the individual’s possession.
(f)
If the applicant does not pass the examination for the license class applied for, the Administration may issue the applicant any license of a lower class for which the applicant qualifies.
(g)
Except as provided in subsection (h) of this section, the Administration may waive any driver’s license examination provided for under this title if the applicant:
(1)
Holds a valid driver’s license issued under this subtitle;
(2)
Is applying for a Class M license and has successfully completed the Administration approved basic motorcycle safety course; or
(3)
Holds a valid license from:
(i)
Another state;
(ii)
A territory or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico; or
(iii)
A province or territory of Canada.
(h)
The Administration may not waive a vision examination required under this section unless the applicant:
(1)
Is applying for a corrected driver’s license under § 16–114.1 of this subtitle; and
(2)
Has passed a vision examination acceptable to the Administration within the last 12 months.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-110.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–110.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
For an unrestricted license, each applicant is required to have:
(1)
Simultaneously:
(i)
A minimum visual acuity of 20/40 in each eye; and
(ii)
A continuous field of vision of at least 140 degrees; and
(2)
Binocular vision.
(b)
If the applicant’s vision can be corrected by glasses or contact lenses to meet the standards of this section, the Administration may issue the applicant a restricted license, endorsed “corrective lenses”.
(c)
(1)
The Administration may issue a restricted license to an applicant who has simultaneously:
(i)
A visual acuity of at least 20/40 in one or both eyes; and
(ii)
A continuous field of vision of at least 110 degrees and with at least 35 degrees lateral to the midline of each side.
(2)
To qualify for a restricted license under this subsection, the Administration may require an applicant to submit a report of examination by a licensed ophthalmologist or optometrist for evaluation by the Administration or its Medical Advisory Board.
(3)
A license issued under this subsection:
(i)
Shall be endorsed “outside mirrors each side”; and
(ii)
May be subject to additional restrictions imposed by the Administration, based on recommendations of the applicant’s ophthalmologist or optometrist, or any other evaluation that the Administration determines appropriate.
(d)
(1)
The Administration may only issue a restricted noncommercial driver’s license to an applicant who does not otherwise meet the vision standards under this section but who has simultaneously:
(i)
A visual acuity of at least 20/70 in one or both eyes; and
(ii)
A continuous field of vision of at least 110 degrees and with at least 35 degrees lateral to the midline of each side.
(2)
To qualify for a restricted license under this subsection, the Administration may require an applicant to submit a report of examination by a licensed ophthalmologist or optometrist for evaluation by the Administration or its Medical Advisory Board.
(3)
A license issued under this subsection:
(i)
Shall be endorsed “outside mirrors each side”; and
(ii)
May be subject to additional restrictions imposed by the Administration, based on recommendations of the applicant’s ophthalmologist or optometrist, or any other evaluation that the Administration determines appropriate.
(e)
If an applicant does not meet the vision standards under this subtitle, the Administration may issue a restricted license to the applicant subject to any restrictions the Administration determines appropriate for public safety, including any restriction described in § 16-110.3 of this subtitle, if:
(1)
The applicant is evaluated and recommended for approval by the Medical Advisory Board; and
(2)
The applicant successfully completes a driver’s training course required by the Administration.
(f)
An individual issued a restricted driver’s license under this section who has had vision correction surgery resulting in the individual’s meeting the requirements for an unrestricted license may:
(1)
Apply to the Administration for a corrected license without the vision restriction; or
(2)
Until the time of a license renewal or issuance of a corrected license, carry written certification from a licensed ophthalmologist or optometrist that the individual meets the vision requirements for an unrestricted license under this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-110.2 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–110.2LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this section, “bioptic telescopic lens” means a spectacle mounted telescopic/telescopics telescope placed at the top of a corrective vision lens and designed to increase visual acuity and aid in spotting distant objects at a glance.
(b)
Notwithstanding any other requirements under this subtitle, an applicant using bioptic telescopic lenses shall be eligible for a noncommercial Class C driver’s license under this subtitle if the applicant:
(1)
(i)
Demonstrates a visual acuity of at least 20/100 in one or both eyes and a field of 150 degrees horizontal vision with or without corrective lenses; or
(ii)
If the applicant has vision in one eye only, demonstrates a field of at least 100 degrees horizontal vision;
(2)
Demonstrates a visual acuity of at least 20/70 in one or both eyes with the bioptic telescopic lenses and without the use of field expanders;
(3)
Submits a report of examination by a licensed ophthalmologist or optometrist for evaluation by the Medical Advisory Board under § 16–118 of this subtitle; and
(4)
Meets all the other requirements for licensure under this title.
(c)
An applicant using bioptic telescopic lenses shall be eligible for a learner’s instructional permit under § 16–103 of this subtitle if the applicant meets the requirements of subsection (b) of this section.
(d)
(1)
Except as provided in subsection (e) of this section, a license issued in compliance with this section authorizes the licensee to operate a motor vehicle only during the period beginning one–half hour after sunrise and ending one–half hour before sunset.
(2)
If the applicant is eligible for a license under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Administration shall issue to the applicant a restricted license endorsed “daylight driving only”.
(e)
A licensee under this section may operate a motor vehicle without any restriction regarding hours of operation if the licensee:
(1)
Demonstrates a visual acuity of at least 20/40 in one or both eyes with the bioptic telescopic lenses and without the use of field expanders;
(2)
Has been licensed under this section for at least one year; and
(3)
Passes a skills test taken at night.
(f)
This section only applies to an applicant who:
(1)
Is granted a license under this section on or before September 30, 1997; and
(2)
Continues to qualify for a license under this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-110.3 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–110.3LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration may only issue a restricted Class C noncommercial driver’s license to an applicant who does not otherwise meet the vision standards under § 16–110.1 of this subtitle but:
(1)
Has simultaneously:
(i)
A visual acuity of worse than 20/70, but no worse than 20/100, in one or both eyes as determined by the Administration in consultation with the Medical Advisory Board; and
(ii)
A continuous field of vision of at least 110 degrees and with at least 35 degrees lateral to the midline of each side; and
(2)
Is recommended for consideration for licensure by the applicant’s licensed ophthalmologist or optometrist in accordance with subsection (b) of this section and regulations of the Administration concerning limited vision licenses.
(b)
The ophthalmologist’s or optometrist’s recommendation for an applicant seeking a license under this section shall be based on the best standard spectacle or contact lens correction in the applicant’s better eye.
(c)
(1)
The Administration shall refer any application for a license under this section to the Medical Advisory Board appointed under § 16–118 of this subtitle for review.
(2)
Unless the Medical Advisory Board determines that it can make a favorable recommendation to the Administration based on the record before it, the Board shall offer the applicant an opportunity to appear before the Board to present medical information pertinent to the Board’s review.
(3)
An applicant who chooses to appear before the Medical Advisory Board may be accompanied by the applicant’s ophthalmologist or optometrist or by any other individual to assist the applicant in presenting pertinent medical information to the Board.
(4)
An appearance before the Medical Advisory Board is not a matter subject to the contested case provisions under Title 10, Subtitle 2 of the State Government Article.
(d)
(1)
An applicant seeking a license under this section shall successfully complete a driver’s training course in accordance with regulations of the Administration.
(2)
The required driver’s training course:
(i)
Shall consist of at least 20 hours; and
(ii)
May vary based on an applicant’s previous driving experience or the driver trainer’s recommendation.
(3)
If the ophthalmologist or optometrist recommends that the applicant use a bioptic telescopic lens while driving, the Administration may require additional driver’s training using the bioptic telescopic lens.
(e)
(1)
A license granted under this section:
(i)
Shall be endorsed “outside mirrors each side”;
(ii)
Subject to subsection (f) of this section, shall be endorsed “daylight driving only”; and
(iii)
May be subject to additional restrictions imposed by the Administration, based on recommendations of the applicant’s ophthalmologist or optometrist, or any other evaluation that the Administration determines appropriate.
(2)
Restrictions that may be imposed under paragraph (1)(iii) of this subsection include:
(i)
Type of highways where the licensee may drive;
(ii)
Maximum speed limits under which driving is allowed;
(iii)
Maximum driving distances; and
(iv)
Other factors that the Administration determines appropriate.
(3)
A license endorsed “daylight driving only” authorizes the licensee to operate a motor vehicle only during the period beginning one–half hour after sunrise and ending one–half hour before sunset.
(f)
(1)
An individual licensed under this section may apply to eliminate the daylight only restriction if the individual:
(i)
Has been licensed under this section for at least 1 year;
(ii)
During the previous year, has not committed a traffic infraction or been involved in a traffic accident where the licensee was at fault;
(iii)
Has passed a nighttime vision test prescribed by the Administration; and
(iv)
Has received a driver’s training certificate based on nighttime driving skills, from an entity that the Administration has determined is qualified to evaluate drivers under this section.
(2)
Before the elimination of the daytime only restriction, an applicant who meets the requirements of paragraph (1) of this subsection shall pass a nighttime driving test administered by at least two Administration examiners.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-111 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–111LinkCopy Citation
(a)
This section applies to an applicant who:
(1)
Holds a learner’s instructional permit under § 16–105(d) of this subtitle; or
(2)
Qualifies for a provisional license under subsection (e) of this section.
(b)
An applicant is entitled to receive a provisional license if the applicant:
(1)
Meets the minimum age required under § 16–103(c)(2) of this subtitle;
(2)
Satisfies the learner’s instructional permit requirements under § 16–105(d)(2), (3), (4), or (5) of this subtitle;
(3)
Passes a driver skills or driver road examination administered under this subtitle;
(4)
Surrenders any learner’s instructional permit issued to the applicant; and
(5)
Pays the fee established under this subtitle.
(c)
A provisional license shall be clearly identifiable as a provisional license.
(d)
(1)
An individual who holds a provisional license may not receive a license sooner than 18 months following the later of:
(i)
The date the individual first obtains the provisional license;
(ii)
The date the individual is convicted of, or granted probation before judgment under § 6–220 of the Criminal Procedure Article for:
(1)
A moving violation; or
(2)
A violation of a provisional driver’s license restriction under § 16–113(i) of this subtitle; or
(iii)
The date of restoration of an individual’s provisional driver’s license or driving privilege that has been suspended, revoked, or canceled for any reason.
(2)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, the Administration may issue a license to an individual who was otherwise eligible to receive a license at the time a moving violation was committed.
(e)
(1)
Notwithstanding subsection (d) of this section or any other provision of this subtitle, the Administration may issue a provisional license to an individual who has been licensed to drive in another state or country, or by the armed forces for less than 18 months.
(2)
If an individual has been licensed for:
(i)
Less than 6 months, the individual shall hold the provisional license for at least 18 months before being eligible for a license under § 16–111.1 of this subtitle;
(ii)
6 months, but less than 12 months, the individual shall hold the provisional license for at least 12 months before being eligible for a license under § 16–111.1 of this subtitle as long as the individual has not committed an offense as defined in § 16–213(a) of this title during that period; or
(iii)
12 months, but less than 18 months, the individual shall hold the provisional license for at least 6 months before being eligible for a license under § 16–111.1 of this subtitle as long as the individual has not committed an offense as defined in § 16–213(a) of this title during that period.
(3)
An individual who commits an offense as defined in § 16–213(a) of this title while holding a provisional license issued under this subsection is subject to:
(i)
The waiting periods under subsection (d)(1)(ii) of this section before qualifying for a license under § 16–111.1 of this subtitle; and
(ii)
Other sanctions applicable to a holder of a provisional license under this article.
(4)
Notwithstanding § 16–103(c)(3) of this subtitle, the Administration may issue a license under § 16–111.1 of this subtitle without issuing a learner’s instructional permit or a provisional license if the individual has been licensed to drive in another state or country, or by the armed forces, for at least 18 months.
(f)
A provisional license is subject to the expiration and renewal requirements of § 16-115 of this subtitle.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-111.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–111.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
An applicant is entitled to receive the driver’s license applied for if the applicant:
(1)
Passes the examination provided for in this subtitle;
(2)
Surrenders the last learner’s instructional permit issued to him, if any; and
(3)
Pays the fees provided for by this subtitle.
(b)
(1)
This subsection applies to an applicant who holds a provisional license under § 16-111 of this subtitle.
(2)
An applicant is entitled to receive a license if the applicant:
(i)
Meets the minimum age required under § 16-103(c)(3) of this subtitle;
(ii)
Satisfies the provisional license requirements under § 16-111(d) or (e) of this subtitle;
(iii)
Surrenders any provisional license issued to the applicant; and
(iv)
Pays the fee established under this subtitle.
(c)
(1)
Each license issued by the Administration shall be identified clearly as to its specific class. A Class M license may be issued in combination with any one of the other classes.
(2)
The Administration shall assign an identifying number to each license it issues.
(3)
The Administration may not use, include, or encode, in any form, an individual’s Social Security number on the individual’s driver’s license.
(d)
(1)
Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, each noncommercial Class A, B, C, or M license issued by the Administration shall be of the size, design, and content that the Administration specifies.
(2)
A noncommercial Class A, B, C, or M license shall include:
(i)
The name and residence address of the licensee;
(ii)
The date of birth of the licensee;
(iii)
A description of the licensee, which shall include the height, weight, and sex of the licensee;
(iv)
A photograph of the applicant that is taken in accordance with a procedure that the Administration requires;
(v)
The type or class of vehicles that the license authorizes the licensee to drive;
(vi)
The signature and seal of the issuing agent; and
(vii)
A space for the signature of the licensee.
(e)
(1)
A license is not valid unless the licensee signs the license in the licensee’s usual signature.
(2)
When issued and signed, a driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive any vehicle of the type or class specified on it, subject to any restrictions endorsed on the license.
(f)
(1)
Only one current driver’s license may be issued by the Administration to and held by any individual at any one time.
(2)
Before issuing a license, the Administration shall require the applicant to surrender any license issued to the applicant by any other jurisdiction.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-111.2 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–111.2LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
When an applicant applies for an initial driver’s license or for a class of driver’s license other than that which the applicant currently holds, the applicant shall pay the Administration a license fee established by the Administration. This fee covers issuance of a learner’s instructional permit and, if the applicant qualifies before the learner’s instructional permit expires, issuance of a driver’s license or provisional license.
(2)
If a learner’s instructional permit is not required, the applicant shall pay the Administration, when the driver’s license is issued, a license fee established by the Administration.
(3)
If an appointment to take a driver’s license examination made by the applicant is not kept, the Administration may charge the applicant a missed appointment fee established by the Administration.
(b)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, for the renewal of a noncommercial Class A, B, C, D, E, or M driver’s license, a licensee shall pay the Administration a renewal fee established by the Administration.
(2)
The Administration may not charge a licensee who is a recipient of the Medal of Honor a fee for the renewal of the licensee’s noncommercial Class A, B, C, D, E, or M driver’s license.
(c)
For issuance of a duplicate or corrected noncommercial Class A, B, C, D, E, or M driver’s license, a licensee shall pay the Administration a duplicate or corrected driver’s license fee established by the Administration.
(d)
For conversion of a provisional license to a driver’s license issued under § 16-111.1 of this subtitle, a licensee shall pay the Administration a fee established by the Administration.
(e)
A licensee shall pay a fee established by the Administration if the license is issued or renewed under § 16–104.1 of this subtitle.
(f)
(1)
Whenever an applicant or licensee pays a fee required under subsection (a)(1) or (2) or (b) of this section, the Administration shall offer the individual the option to make a voluntary contribution of $1 to the Organ and Tissue Donation Awareness Fund established under Title 13, Subtitle 9 of the Health - General Article.
(2)
All moneys collected under this subsection shall be paid to the Comptroller of the State and deposited into the Organ and Tissue Donation Awareness Fund established under Title 13, Subtitle 9 of the Health - General Article.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-112 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–112LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)
“Credential holder” has the meaning stated in § 16–1001 of this title.
(3)
“Display” means the manual surrender of the licensee’s license into the hands of the demanding officer for inspection.
(4)
“Electronic credential” has the meaning stated in § 16–1001 of this title.
(b)
Each individual driving a motor vehicle on any highway in this State shall have his license with him.
(c)
(1)
Each individual driving a motor vehicle on any highway in this State shall display the license to any uniformed police officer who demands it.
(2)
A credential holder is deemed to have satisfied the display requirement under paragraph (1) of this subsection only if the uniformed police officer is able to access the verification system authorized under § 16–1003 of this title.
(d)
Each individual driving a motor vehicle on any highway in this State shall, if requested by the officer, sign his usual signature in the presence of the officer so that the officer may determine whether he is the licensee.
(e)
A person may not give the name of another person or give a false or fictitious name to any uniformed police officer who is attempting to determine the identity of a driver of a motor vehicle.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-113 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–113LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In addition to the vision and other restrictions provided for in this subtitle, when it issues a driver’s license, the Administration for good cause may impose on the licensee:
(i)
Any restrictions suitable to the licensee’s driving ability with respect to the type of special mechanical control devices required on motor vehicles that the licensee may drive;
(ii)
An alcohol restriction which prohibits the licensee from driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while having alcohol in the licensee’s blood; and
(iii)
Any other restrictions applicable to the licensee that the Administration determines appropriate to assure the safe driving of a motor vehicle by the licensee.
(2)
An alcohol restriction that prohibits the licensee from driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while having alcohol in the licensee’s blood may, as described in subsections (b) and (g) of this section, include a restriction that prohibits the licensee from driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle unless the licensee is a participant in the Ignition Interlock System Program established under § 16–404.1 of this title.
(b)
(1)
Notwithstanding the licensee’s driving record, the Administration shall impose on each licensee under the age of 21 years an alcohol restriction that prohibits the licensee from driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while having alcohol in the licensee’s blood.
(2)
An alcohol restriction imposed under this subsection expires when the licensee reaches the age of 21 years.
(3)
This subsection may not be construed or applied to limit:
(i)
The authority of the Administration to impose on a licensee an alcohol restriction described in subsection (a)(2) of this section; or
(ii)
The application of any other provision of law that prohibits consumption of an alcoholic beverage by an individual under the age of 21 years.
(4)
An individual under the age of 21 years who is convicted of a violation of § 21–902(a), (b), or (c) of this article may be required, for a period of not more than 3 years, to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program in order to retain the individual’s driver’s license.
(c)
(1)
Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administration may:
(i)
Issue a special restricted license; or
(ii)
Set forth the restrictions on the usual license form.
(2)
The Administration shall indicate on the license of a licensee under the age of 21 years that an alcohol restriction has been imposed on the licensee under subsection (b) of this section.
(d)
(1)
Notwithstanding the licensee’s driving record, the Administration shall impose an hour restriction on a provisional driver’s license issued to an applicant under the age of 18.
(2)
The restriction under this subsection shall limit the holder of a provisional license to driving unsupervised only between the hours of 5 a.m. and 12 midnight.
(3)
This subsection does not preclude the holder of a provisional license from driving between the hours of 12 midnight and 5 a.m. the following day if the licensee is:
(i)
Accompanied and supervised by a licensed driver who is at least 21 years old;
(ii)
Driving to or from or in the course of the licensee’s employment;
(iii)
Driving to or from a school class or official school activity;
(iv)
Driving to or from an organized volunteer program; or
(v)
Driving to or from an opportunity to participate in an athletic event or related training session.
(4)
The hour restriction and the supervision requirement under this subsection expire on the date the holder of the provisional license turns 18 years of age.
(d–1)
(1)
Notwithstanding the licensee’s driving record, and subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administration shall impose a restriction on each provisional driver’s license prohibiting the licensee from operating a motor vehicle if the driver and each passenger in the motor vehicle are not restrained by a seat belt or, in accordance with § 22–412.2 of this article, by a child safety seat.
(2)
It is not a violation of the restriction under paragraph (1) of this subsection if an individual covered by a medical exception under § 22–412.2(f) or § 22–412.3(d) and (e) of this article is not restrained.
(3)
The restrictions under paragraph (1) of this subsection expire on the date that the holder of a provisional license turns 18 years of age.
(e)
(1)
In addition to the other restrictions provided under this subtitle, the Administration may issue:
(i)
A driver’s license that is valid only in the State of Maryland to an applicant who has been suspended in another jurisdiction as a result of failing to comply with the financial responsibility requirements of that jurisdiction; or
(ii)
A temporary driver’s license that is valid only in the State of Maryland to an applicant for reinstatement of a suspended or revoked driver’s license, renewal of a driver’s license, or a duplicate or corrected driver’s license if, at the time of application:
(1)
The applicant’s privilege to drive in another jurisdiction is revoked or suspended as a result of failing to comply with the licensing requirements of that jurisdiction for which a comparable violation in this State would not have resulted in revocation or suspension;
(2)
The initial violation that led to the revocation or suspension did not occur within the preceding 5 years;
(3)
The applicant is otherwise qualified to be licensed in this State; and
(4)
The Administration determines that the applicant will be able to take any actions required by the other jurisdiction for reinstatement of the privilege to drive in that jurisdiction.
(2)
A temporary license issued under paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be valid for 90 days.
(3)
The Administration shall adopt regulations for the issuance of temporary licenses under paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(f)
After receiving satisfactory evidence of any violation of a restricted or provisional driver’s license, the Administration may suspend or revoke the license. However, the licensee may request a hearing as provided for a suspension or revocation under Subtitle 2 of this title.
(g)
(1)
The Administration shall impose an alcohol restriction under subsection (a)(1)(ii) of this section that prohibits an individual for a period of 3 years from driving or attempting to drive with alcohol in the individual’s blood on any licensee who is convicted within 5 years of any combination of two or more violations under § 21–902(a), (b), or (c) of this article.
(2)
If a circuit court or the District Court orders a licensee not to drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle with alcohol in the licensee’s blood or orders, under § 27–107 of this article, the licensee to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program established under § 16–404.1 of this title, the Administration shall have the licensee’s driving record and driver’s license reflect that the court ordered restriction was imposed, and shall keep records of the order.
(h)
An individual may not drive a vehicle in any manner that violates any restriction imposed by the Administration in a restricted license issued to the individual.
(i)
An individual may not drive a vehicle in any manner that violates any restriction imposed in a provisional license issued to the individual.
(j)
An individual may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle with alcohol in the individual’s blood in violation of a restriction.
(k)
A participant in the Ignition Interlock System Program under § 16–404.1 of this title may not drive or attempt to drive a vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system in violation of an ignition interlock system restriction on a license issued to the participant.
(l)
(1)
A person convicted of a violation of subsection (j) of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 2 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.
(2)
A person convicted of a violation of subsection (k) of this section is subject to:
(i)
For a first offense, imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both; and
(ii)
For a second or subsequent offense, imprisonment not exceeding 2 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-114 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–114LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this section, “mutilated” includes any imperfection of or in a driver’s license, after its issuance, that renders it unsuitable for identification purposes or for verifying its authenticity and validity.
(b)
If a driver’s license is lost, stolen, mutilated, or destroyed, the licensee immediately shall apply for and, after furnishing information satisfactory to the Administration and payment of the required fee, is entitled to obtain a duplicate license. If the duplicate license being applied for is of a type requiring a photo and the licensee is temporarily absent from this State, the Administration may issue a regular license bearing the notation that it is valid without a photo until 15 days after the licensee first returns to this State.
(c)
A licensee who is at least 21 years may apply for a duplicate license that includes a frontal photograph of the licensee.
(d)
If a person recovers an original license for which a duplicate has been issued, the person promptly shall surrender the original license to the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-114.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–114.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
To obtain a corrected photo commercial driver’s license, an individual shall:
(1)
Apply for a corrected commercial driver’s license on the form required by the Administration;
(2)
Surrender the individual’s original license; and
(3)
Pay the required fee.
(b)
A corrected photo commercial driver’s license shall expire on the date that the individual’s original license expired.
(c)
If an individual other than one who holds a commercial driver’s license desires a corrected photo license in lieu of a correction card for a desired or required correction, the individual shall:
(1)
Apply for a corrected photo license on the form required by the Administration;
(2)
Surrender the individual’s original license; and
(3)
Pay the required fee.
(d)
A corrected photo license issued under subsection (c) of this section to a driver under age 21 years shall expire 60 days after the driver’s 21st birthday.
(e)
If a licensee applies for a photo license to correct an error made by the Administration, the Administration shall issue the corrected license without charging the licensee a fee.
(f)
(1)
If an individual, other than one who holds a commercial driver’s license, is temporarily absent from the State and desires a corrected license, the Administration may issue a nonphoto corrected license bearing the notation that it is valid without a photo until 15 days after the licensee first returns to this State.
(2)
The licensee shall:
(i)
Apply for the corrected license on the form required by the Administration; and
(ii)
Pay the required fee.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-115 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–115LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
Subject to paragraph (5) of this subsection, a license issued under this title to a driver at least 21 years old shall expire on the birth date of the licensee at the end of a period of not more than 8 years determined in regulations adopted by the Administration following the issuance of the license.
(2)
Subject to paragraph (5) of this subsection, a license issued under this title to a driver under the age of 21 years shall expire not later than 60 days after the driver’s 21st birthday.
(3)
A license is renewable on the presentation of an application, the payment of the renewal fee required by § 16–111.1 of this subtitle, and satisfactory completion of the examination required or authorized by subsection (i) of this section:
(i)
Within 12 months before its expiration; or
(ii)
When a driver qualifies for a corrected license issued under § 16–114.1(c) of this subtitle.
(4)
Except as provided in subsection (f) of this section, the Administration may renew an individual’s license without requiring the individual to appear in person if the photograph for the individual was taken less than 16 years before the renewal.
(5)
(i)
If an applicant has temporary lawful status, the Administration may not issue to the applicant a license to drive for a period that extends beyond the expiration date of the applicant’s authorized stay in the United States or, if there is no expiration date, for a period longer than 1 year.
(ii)
Nothing contained in this paragraph may be construed to allow the issuance of a temporary license to drive for a period longer than the period described in this subsection.
(iii)
The Administration shall indicate on the face and in the machine–readable zone of a temporary license to drive that the license is a temporary license to drive.
(6)
A holder of a temporary license to drive who had temporary lawful status at the time of the issuance of the temporary license to drive shall present satisfactory documentary evidence of lawful status if the holder applies for issuance or renewal of any license to drive under this subtitle.
(b)
At least 60 days before a license expires, the Administration shall mail to each licensee, at the last address of the licensee shown in the records of the Administration, notice of the date on which the license will expire.
(c)
The Administration may renew a license within 1 year after the expiration date without requiring a driving test.
(d)
(1)
A license shall remain in full force and effect during an absence from the State if the license is held by:
(i)
(1)
A member of the uniformed services who is absent from this State on active service in the uniformed services; or
(2)
A dependent of the member who is residing with the member outside the State; or
(ii)
(1)
A contract employee working on behalf of a federal agency or branch of the uniformed services who is absent from the State in service of the contract; or
(2)
A dependent of the contract employee who is residing with the contract employee outside the State.
(2)
The license also shall remain in effect, if it would otherwise have expired under this section, for a period of 30 days following the date of the licensee’s return to this State, or the member’s discharge or separation from active service:
(i)
If the licensee has in the licensee’s immediate possession, together with the licensee’s driver’s license, papers indicating the member’s active service outside this State or the member’s discharge or separation; and
(ii)
If the license is not otherwise suspended, revoked, or canceled under this title during the 30–day period.
(e)
(1)
A license held by an individual who is a member of the Foreign Service of the United States and is absent from the State due to employment in the Foreign Service, or a license held by the spouse or a dependent of the individual who is residing with the individual outside the State, shall remain in full force and effect during the absence.
(2)
A license held by an individual described in paragraph (1) of this subsection shall also remain in effect, if it would otherwise have expired under this section, for a period of 30 days following the date of the individual’s return to the State, or the individual’s separation from employment in the Foreign Service of the United States if:
(i)
The individual has in the individual’s immediate possession, together with the individual’s driver’s license, documentation acceptable to the Administration indicating that:
(1)
The individual is a member of the Foreign Service of the United States, or the spouse or a dependent of a member of the Foreign Service of the United States and resides outside the State; or
(2)
The individual was formerly a member of the Foreign Service of the United States, or the spouse or a dependent of a former member of the Foreign Service, and has returned to the State on separation of the member from employment with the Foreign Service; and
(ii)
The license is not otherwise suspended, revoked, or canceled under this title during the 30–day period.
(f)
If a licensee is absent from this State for cause, other than as provided in subsection (d) of this section, and is unable to renew the licensee’s license in the manner required by this section, the licensee may renew by mail to the Administration. The renewal application shall be accompanied by the prescribed fee and a statement giving the reason for and the expected length of the absence. On receipt of the application, the Administration may issue a regular license which bears a photo or a notation that it is valid without a photo until 15 days after the licensee first returns to this State.
(g)
An individual may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State if the license issued to him under this title has expired.
(h)
An individual may not attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State if the license issued to the individual under this title has expired.
(i)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraphs (2), (3), and (5) of this subsection, the Administration shall require every individual applying for renewal of a driver’s license to pass a vision test as prescribed by the Administration.
(2)
(i)
The Administration shall accept a certification of acceptable visual acuity from a licensed physician or optometrist instead of requiring the actual test provided for in this subsection.
(ii)
The examination for which certification is made shall take place within 2 years of the date of application for renewal.
(3)
An individual at least 21 years of age but under the age of 40 years may apply for renewal of a driver’s license electronically or by mail or other means authorized by the Administration without taking a vision test if the applicant has passed a vision test authorized by the Administration within the previous 9 years.
(4)
(i)
If the Administration has reason to believe that an individual is a safety hazard by reason of a vision deficiency, the Administration may require the vision test provided for in this subsection at a time other than renewal of a driver’s license.
(ii)
The Administration may adopt regulations to implement the provisions of this subsection.
(5)
An individual who holds a commercial driver’s license and applies for renewal is exempt from the requirement to pass a vision test if the individual has a current certificate of physical examination on file with the Administration, as required under 49 C.F.R. §§ 391.43 and 391.45.
(j)
Before the expiration of a driver’s license, if the Administration has reason to believe that an individual is not a safety hazard, but the individual is unable to pass a required knowledge test or vision test, the Administration may extend the individual’s privilege to drive for a period not to exceed 90 days.
(k)
(1)
The Administration may not renew the driver’s license of an applicant who has not paid all undisputed taxes and unemployment insurance contributions payable to the Comptroller or the Secretary of Labor or provided for payment in a manner satisfactory to the unit responsible for collection.
(2)
The Administration shall cooperate with the Comptroller and the Maryland Department of Labor to develop procedures and adopt regulations in accordance with this section.
(3)
Regulations adopted under this subsection shall require:
(i)
The Comptroller to notify the Administration that an individual has not paid all undisputed taxes; and
(ii)
The Maryland Department of Labor to notify the Administration that an individual has not paid all undisputed unemployment insurance contributions.
(l)
(1)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the Administration may issue a temporary renewal for a driver’s license that extends the expiration date for a period not exceeding 2 years for an applicant who:
(i)
Has the documentation required by federal law, as enumerated in § 16–103.1(10) and (11) of this subtitle, on file with the Administration;
(ii)
Has a photograph on file with the Administration that will not be 16 years old or older by the expiration date of the temporary renewal; and
(iii)
Has a driver’s license that was issued for the full term under subsection (a)(1) of this section.
(2)
The Administration may make temporary renewal of a driver’s license available to:
(i)
An active duty member of the armed forces of the United States or a spouse or dependent of the member;
(ii)
A member of the Foreign Service of the United States or a spouse or dependent of the member;
(iii)
A resident of the State who is a student studying outside the State;
(iv)
A resident of the State who is temporarily residing outside the State for at least 6 months;
(v)
A resident of the State who holds a driver’s license that would have otherwise expired during a state of emergency declared by the Governor; or
(vi)
Any other resident of the State who meets any requirements approved by the Administration.
(3)
The Administration may not issue a temporary renewal to an applicant who holds a commercial driver’s license.
(4)
The Administration shall adopt regulations to carry out this subsection.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-116 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–116LinkCopy Citation
(a)
If any individual who has applied for or obtained a driver’s license under this subtitle moves from the address given in the application or shown on the license, the individual shall, within 30 days of the change, notify the Administration in writing of the former address and new address and the identifying number of any license issued to the individual.
(b)
If any individual who has applied for or obtained a driver’s license under this subtitle has the individual’s name changed under the common law of this State, by marriage, or by court order, the individual shall, within 30 days of the change, notify the Administration in writing of the former name and new name, and the identifying number of any license issued to the individual.
(c)
On request of the Administration, if the name of a licensee has been changed, the licensee shall surrender his driver’s license to the Administration. After it receives the license, the Administration shall issue a corrected license in the new name.
(d)
If a licensee is required to surrender his license to the Administration to record a change, the Administration shall issue him, without charge, a temporary license valid for not more than 20 days from the date it is issued.
(e)
This section does not apply to an expired license.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-117 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–117LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall keep a record of:
(1)
Each driver’s license application that it receives;
(2)
Each driver’s license that it issues; and
(3)
Each licensee whose license to drive the Administration has suspended or revoked, and the reasons for the action.
(b)
(1)
The Administration shall file each accident report and abstract of court disposition records that it receives under the laws of this State.
(2)
(i)
The Administration shall keep convenient records or make suitable notations showing the convictions or traffic accidents in which each licensee has been involved and every probation before judgment disposition of any violation of the Maryland Vehicle Law. A record or notation of a probation before judgment disposition, or a first offense of driving with an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more under § 16-205.1 of this title, shall be segregated by the Administration and shall be available only to:
(1)
The Administration;
(2)
Other driver licensing authorities;
(3)
The United States Secretary of Transportation;
(4)
Current and prospective employers, as defined in § 16-803(e) of this title, of drivers required to hold commercial drivers’ licenses;
(5)
The courts;
(6)
Criminal justice agencies; and
(7)
The defendant or the defendant’s attorney.
(ii)
However, a record or notation of a probation before judgment, or a first offense of driving with an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more under § 16-205.1 of this title, may not be received or considered by the courts until a plea of guilty or nolo contendere is made by the defendant or a finding of guilty is made by the court.
(3)
These records or notations shall be made so that they are readily available for consideration by the Administration of any license renewal application and at any other suitable time.
(4)
Accident reports and abstracts of court convictions pertaining to driving an emergency vehicle, if received by a person who was driving an emergency vehicle pursuant to the provisions of § 21-106 of this article, shall be segregated by the Administration and shall be available only to the Administration.
(5)
Except as provided in this section, an employee of the Administration may not disclose any records or information regarding probation before judgment, or a first offense of driving with an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more under § 16-205.1 of this title.
(c)
If a charge of a Maryland Vehicle Law violation against any individual is dismissed by a court of competent jurisdiction, a record of the charge and dismissal may not be included in the individual’s driving record.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-117.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–117.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)
“Child Support Administration” means the Child Support Administration of the Department of Human Services.
(3)
“Criminal offense” does not include any violation of the Maryland Vehicle Law.
(b)
The Administration shall expunge the public driving record of a licensee if:
(1)
The licensee has not been convicted of a moving violation or a criminal offense involving a motor vehicle for the preceding 3 years, and the licensee’s license never has been suspended for reasons related to driver safety, as defined by the Administration, or revoked;
(2)
The licensee has not been convicted of a moving violation or a criminal offense involving a motor vehicle for the preceding 5 years, and the licensee’s record shows not more than one suspension for reasons related to driver safety, as defined by the Administration, and no revocations; or
(3)
Within the preceding 10 years:
(i)
The licensee has not been granted probation before judgment for a violation of § 20–102 or § 21–902 of this article; and
(ii)
The licensee has not been convicted of any moving violation or criminal offense involving a motor vehicle, regardless of the number of suspensions or revocations.
(c)
(1)
On request of the Child Support Administration, the Administration shall expunge a record of a suspension for failure to pay child support:
(i)
For a licensee who is enrolled in and compliant with an employment program approved by the Child Support Administration, if the licensee:
(1)
Has not been convicted of driving on a license that was suspended for failure to pay child support; and
(2)
Does not have charges related to the suspension for failure to pay child support pending against the licensee; or
(ii)
If the Child Support Administration notifies the Administration that the information reported by the Child Support Administration that led to the suspension was inaccurate.
(2)
A request by the Child Support Administration to expunge a record under this subsection may not affect any suspension unrelated to child support.
(d)
The Administration may refuse to expunge a driving record if it determines that the licensee has not driven a motor vehicle on the highways during the particular conviction–free period on which the expungement is based.
(e)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the Administration may not expunge:
(1)
Any driving records before the expiration of the time they are required to be retained under § 16–819 of this title;
(2)
Any driving record entries required for assessment of subsequent offender penalties; and
(3)
Any driving record entries related to a moving violation or an accident that resulted in the death of another person.
(f)
(1)
Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administration shall adopt regulations to carry out this section.
(2)
The Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of Human Services, may adopt regulations to implement the provisions of subsection (c) of this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-118 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–118LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
The Administrator may appoint a Medical Advisory Board of qualified physicians and optometrists to enable the Administration to comply properly with the provisions of this title regarding the physical and mental condition of individuals who seek to drive on highways in this State.
(2)
The Administrator also may appoint a medical secretary to serve the Board.
(b)
Each member of the Medical Advisory Board is entitled to compensation for each meeting that the member attends. The compensation shall be paid out of funds appropriated to the Administration.
(c)
(1)
The Administrator may refer to the Medical Advisory Board, for an advisory opinion, the case of any licensee or applicant for a license, if the Administrator has good cause to believe that the driving of a vehicle by him would be contrary to public safety and welfare because of an existing or suspected mental or physical disability.
(2)
The Board shall meet at the pleasure of the Administrator.
(d)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the records of the Medical Advisory Board:
(i)
Are confidential;
(ii)
May be disclosed only on court order; and
(iii)
May be used only to determine the qualifications of an individual to drive.
(2)
The Administration may use information in its records for the purpose of driver safety research, provided that personal information is not published or disclosed.
(3)
The Administration may contract with third parties to assist with driver safety research.
(4)
A person may not use these records for any other purpose.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-118.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–118.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
The Administration shall develop a form for a voluntary developmental disability self–disclosure card.
(2)
A voluntary developmental disability self–disclosure card shall:
(i)
Be approximately the same size as a driver’s license;
(ii)
Be printed on blue paper;
(iii)
Include space for an individual to provide details on a developmental disability; and
(iv)
Include written guidance on effective communication between law enforcement officers and people with developmental disabilities.
(3)
In developing the form required by this subsection, the Administration shall consult with the Maryland Chiefs of Police Association and at least one independent organization that advocates on behalf of individuals with developmental disabilities.
(b)
(1)
Beginning January 1, 2021, the Administration shall make a voluntary developmental disability self–disclosure card available to any individual of driving age who requests one.
(2)
If an individual who requests a voluntary developmental disability self–disclosure card is a minor, the Administration shall provide the card to the individual’s parent or guardian.
(c)
Except as required by § 16–118 of this subtitle, the Administration may not maintain any records relating to the issuance of a voluntary developmental disability self–disclosure card.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-119 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–119LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Maryland Department of Health, together with the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty and the State Board of Examiners in Optometry, shall define:
(1)
Disorders characterized by lapses of consciousness; and
(2)
Disorders that result in a corrected visual acuity that fails to comply with the vision requirements of this subtitle.
(b)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, any physician and any other person authorized to diagnose, detect, or treat disorders defined under subsection (a) of this section may report to the Medical Advisory Board and to the subject of the report, in writing, the full name, date of birth, and address of each individual 15 years old or older who has any such disorder.
(2)
Unless authorized by the individual in writing, a report may not be made from information derived from the diagnosis or treatment of any individual on whom a confidential or privileged relationship is conferred by law.
(c)
On receipt of a report under this section, the Administration shall:
(1)
As soon as practicable, arrange for an examination of each reported individual who holds a driver’s license; and
(2)
If the individual fails to meet the requirements of this subtitle, cancel his license.
(d)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the reports made to the Administration under this section:
(i)
Are confidential;
(ii)
May be disclosed only on court order; and
(iii)
May be used only to determine the qualifications of an individual to drive.
(2)
The Administration may use information in the reports it receives for the purpose of driver safety research, provided that personal information is not published or disclosed.
(3)
The Administration may contract with third parties to assist with driver safety research.
(4)
A person may not use these reports for any other purpose.
(e)
A civil or criminal action may not be brought against any person who makes a report under this section and who does not violate any confidential or privileged relationship conferred by law.
(f)
A report made under this section may not be used as evidence in any civil or criminal trial, except in a legal action involving an alleged violation of a confidential or privileged relationship conferred by law.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-120 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–120LinkCopy Citation
(a)
At regular intervals, the Administration shall request of the Social Services Administration the name of each individual receiving public assistance for blindness. The Social Services Administration promptly shall furnish the requested information.
(b)
On receipt of the requested information, the Administration shall:
(1)
As soon as practicable, arrange for an examination of the vision of each named individual who holds a driver’s license; and
(2)
If the individual fails to meet the vision requirements of this subtitle, cancel his license.
(c)
(1)
The information obtained by the Administration under this section:
(i)
Is confidential;
(ii)
May be disclosed only on court order; and
(iii)
May be used only to determine the qualifications of an individual to drive.
(2)
A person may not use this information for any other purpose.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-121 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–121LinkCopy Citation
(a)
This section applies only to a non–match, described under regulations adopted by the Secretary of the United States Department of Homeland Security, that:
(1)
Occurs during verification by the Administration of the documentary evidence provided by an applicant for issuance or renewal of an identification card under § 12–301 of this article, a moped operator’s permit under § 16–104.2 of this subtitle, or a license to drive under this subtitle; and
(2)
Is not resolved by the Administration’s verification of the documentary evidence.
(b)
In the event of a non–match, the Administration may not issue to the applicant an identification card under § 12–301 of this article, a moped operator’s permit under § 16–104.2 of this subtitle, or a license to drive under this subtitle.
(c)
Nothing in this section prohibits the Administration from issuing or renewing an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive under § 16–122 of this subtitle to allow the applicant to resolve a non–match.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-122 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–122LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this article, the Administration shall, subject to the provisions of this section, issue or renew an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive that is not acceptable by federal agencies for official purposes determined by the Secretary of the United States Department of Homeland Security if an applicant:
(i)
(1)
Has an unresolved non–match described under § 16–121 of this subtitle;
(2)
Meets the requirements concerning the non–match contained in regulations adopted by the Administration that are consistent with regulations adopted by the Secretary of the United States Department of Homeland Security; and
(3)
Would be otherwise eligible under this article for the issuance or renewal of an identification card under § 12–301 of this article, a moped operator’s permit under § 16–104.2 of this subtitle, or a license to drive under this subtitle, but for the unresolved non–match; or
(ii)
(1)
Does not provide satisfactory documentary evidence that the applicant has lawful status or a valid Social Security number;
(2)
Certifies that the applicant does not have a Social Security number;
(3)
In the case of an applicant who is not a current holder of an identification card under § 12–301 of this article, a moped operator’s permit under § 16–104.2 of this subtitle, or a license to drive issued under this subtitle, provides documentary evidence that the applicant, for each of the preceding 2 years, has:
(A)
Filed a Maryland income tax return; or
(B)
Resided in Maryland and been claimed as a dependent by an individual who has filed a Maryland income tax return; and
(4)
Would be otherwise eligible for issuance or renewal of an identification card under § 12–301 of this article, a moped operator’s permit under § 16–104.2 of this subtitle, or a license to drive issued under this subtitle, but for the absence of documentary evidence described in item 1 of this item.
(2)
This subsection does not apply to any provision of law applicable to the issuance or renewal of a commercial driver’s license under this title.
(3)
An identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive that is issued under this subsection shall include a statement that the document may not be used to purchase a firearm.
(b)
The Administration may require that an application for issuance or renewal of an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive under this section be made in person.
(c)
A person may not be a holder of an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive issued or renewed under this section if the person is the holder of any other identification card, moped operator’s permit, or license to drive issued or renewed under this section or any other section of this article.
(d)
Each identification card, moped operator’s permit, and license to drive issued or renewed in accordance with this section shall:
(1)
Clearly state on its face and in its machine–readable zone that it is not acceptable by federal agencies for official purposes;
(2)
Have a unique design or color indicator that clearly distinguishes it from the design or color of an identification card under § 12–301 of this article, a moped operator’s permit under § 16–104.2 of this subtitle, or any license to drive under any other section of this subtitle; and
(3)
Be of the size and design that the Administration requires, tamperproof, to the extent possible, and contain:
(i)
The name and address of the applicant;
(ii)
The birth date of the applicant;
(iii)
The gender of the applicant;
(iv)
A description of the applicant;
(v)
A photograph of the applicant taken by the procedure that the Administration requires;
(vi)
The expiration date of the identification card, moped operator’s permit, or license to drive;
(vii)
The signature of the applicant; and
(viii)
The signature and seal of the issuing agent.
(e)
An identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive issued or renewed under this section shall expire at the end of a period that is equivalent to the expiration period applicable for an identification card under § 12–301 of this article, a moped operator’s permit under § 16–115 of this subtitle, or a license to drive under this subtitle.
(f)
Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive issued under this section may be used for any purpose as legal identification of the holder to whom the identification card, moped operator’s permit, or license to drive is issued.
(g)
The Administration may establish a fee for the issuance or renewal of an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive issued or renewed under this section.
(h)
Except as expressly provided in this section, this section does not limit the application of any other provision of this article to an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive issued under this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-123 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–123LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)
“Covered employee” means an employee of the Administration or a contractor for the Administration who is involved in the manufacture or production of identification cards, moped operators’ permits, or licenses to drive or who has the ability to affect the identity information that appears on an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive.
(3)
“Personally identifiable information” means any information that can be used to distinguish or trace an individual’s identity as specified in regulations adopted by the Secretary of the United States Department of Homeland Security, whether the information is stored in a database, on an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive, or in the machine–readable zone on an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive.
(b)
The Administration shall have a security plan for identification cards, moped operators’ permits and licenses to drive issued or renewed for the purposes of complying with the provisions of this article.
(c)
At a minimum, the security plan shall address:
(1)
Physical security of the facilities used and storage areas for card stock and other materials used in production; and
(2)
Security of personally identifiable information maintained at locations of the Administration involved in the enrollment, issuance, manufacture, or production, including the following protections:
(i)
Reasonable administrative, technical, and physical safeguards to protect the security, confidentiality, and integrity of the personally identifiable information collected, stored, and maintained in Administration records and information systems, including procedures to prevent unauthorized access, use, or dissemination of applicant information and images of source documents retained and standards and procedures for document retention and destruction;
(ii)
A privacy policy regarding the personally identifiable information collected and maintained by the Administration;
(iii)
Requiring that release or use of personal information collected and maintained by the Administration comply with the requirements of the federal Driver’s Privacy Protection Act;
(iv)
Document and physical security features for identification cards, moped operators’ permits, and licenses to drive issued by the Administration;
(v)
Access control, including:
(1)
Employee identification and credentialing, including access badges;
(2)
Employee background checks, including a name–based and fingerprint–based criminal history records check, for each covered employee and current employee who will be assigned to the position of a covered employee; and
(3)
Controlled access systems;
(vi)
Periodic training requirements in:
(1)
Fraudulent document recognition training for all covered employees handling source documents or engaged in the issuance of identification cards, moped operators’ permits, or licenses to drive; and
(2)
Security awareness training, including threat identification and handling of sensitive security information as necessary;
(vii)
Emergency and incident response plan;
(viii)
Internal audit controls; and
(ix)
An affirmation that the Administration possesses the authority and means to produce, revise, expunge, and protect the confidentiality of identification cards, moped operators’ permits, and licenses to drive issued in support of federal, State, or local criminal justice agencies or similar programs that require special licensing or identification to safeguard persons or support their official duties.
(d)
The security plan required by this section contains sensitive security information and shall be handled and protected in accordance with 49 Code of Federal Regulations Part 1520.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-124 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 1. Issuance, Expiration, and Renewal of Licenses
§ 16–124LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall require each fee for issuance or renewal of an original or duplicate identification card, moped operator’s permit, or license to drive under this article to be paid by the applicant at the time of application.
(b)
An application fee under this section is nonrefundable, regardless whether the Administration issues or renews, refuses to issue or renew, cancels, or requires to be surrendered an identification card, a moped operator’s permit, or a license to drive under this article.
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-201 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–201LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration may cancel a driver’s license issued under this title if it determines that the licensee:
(1)
Was not entitled to be issued the license;
(2)
Failed to give the required or correct information in his application; or
(3)
Committed fraud in making the application or in obtaining the license.
(b)
On cancellation, the licensee immediately shall surrender the canceled license to the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-202 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–202LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The privilege given to a nonresident to drive a motor vehicle on highways in this State may be suspended or revoked by the Administration in the same way and for the same reasons that a driver’s license issued under this title may be refused, suspended, or revoked.
(b)
If the Administration receives a record of the conviction in this State of a nonresident driver of any offense under the motor vehicle laws of this State, the Administration may send a certified copy of the record to the motor vehicle administrator in the state in which the convicted person resides or is licensed to drive.
(c)
If, after an appeal is taken or on failure to take an appeal, a nonresident’s privilege to drive is suspended, the Administration shall send written information of the suspension to the motor vehicle administrator of the state in which the person resides and of any other state in which he is licensed to drive.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-203 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–203LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this section, “Child Support Administration” means the Child Support Administration of the Department of Human Services.
(b)
On notification by the Child Support Administration in accordance with § 10–119 of the Family Law Article that an obligor is 120 days or more out of compliance with the most recent order of the court in making child support payments, the Administration:
(1)
Shall suspend an obligor’s license or privilege to drive in the State; and
(2)
May issue a work–restricted license or work–restricted privilege to drive.
(c)
(1)
Prior to the suspension of a license or the privilege to drive in the State and the issuance of a work–restricted license or work–restricted privilege to drive under subsection (b) of this section, the Administration shall send written notice of the proposed action to the obligor, including notice of the obligor’s right to contest the accuracy of the information.
(2)
Any contest under this subsection shall be limited to whether the Administration has mistaken the identity of the obligor or the individual whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended.
(d)
(1)
An obligor may appeal a decision of the Administration to suspend the obligor’s license or privilege to drive.
(2)
At a hearing under this subsection, the issue shall be limited to whether the Administration has mistaken the identity of the obligor or the individual whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended.
(e)
The Administration shall reinstate an obligor’s license or privilege to drive in the State if:
(1)
The Administration receives a court order to reinstate the license or privilege to drive; or
(2)
The Child Support Administration notifies the Administration that:
(i)
The individual whose license or privilege to drive was suspended is not in arrears in making child support payments;
(ii)
The obligor has paid the support arrearage in full;
(iii)
The obligor has demonstrated good faith by paying the ordered amount of support for 6 consecutive months;
(iv)
The obligor is a participant in full compliance in an employment program approved by the Child Support Administration; or
(v)
One of the grounds under § 10–119(c)(1)(i) of the Family Law Article exists.
(f)
The Secretary of Transportation, in cooperation with the Secretary of Human Services and the Office of Administrative Hearings, shall adopt regulations to implement this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-204 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–204LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)
“Law enforcement agency” has the meaning stated in § 13-406.1(a)(2) of this article.
(3)
“Outstanding warrant” has the meaning stated in § 13-406.1(a)(3) of this article.
(4)
“Primary law enforcement officer” has the meaning stated in § 13-406.1(a)(4) of this article.
(b)
Subject to subsection (h) of this section, on notification by a law enforcement agency that an individual is named in an outstanding warrant, the Administration shall suspend the individual’s license or privilege to drive in the State.
(c)
(1)
Before suspending a license or privilege to drive under subsection (b) of this section, the Administration shall send written notice of the proposed action to the individual named in the outstanding warrant, including notice of the individual’s right to contest the accuracy of the information on which the suspension is based.
(2)
Any contest under this subsection shall be limited to whether the Administration has mistaken the identity of the individual named in the outstanding warrant or the individual whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended.
(d)
(1)
An individual named in an outstanding warrant may appeal a decision of the Administration under this section to suspend the individual’ s license or privilege to drive.
(2)
At a hearing under this subsection, the only issue shall be whether the Administration has mistaken the identity of the individual named in the outstanding warrant or the individual whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended.
(e)
An individual shall be referred to the law enforcement agency that notified the Administration of the outstanding warrant to resolve any question of whether the warrant has been satisfied.
(f)
(1)
The Administration shall continue the suspension of a license or privilege to drive that was suspended under this section until:
(i)
The Administration is ordered by a court to reinstate the license or privilege to drive; or
(ii)
A law enforcement agency notifies the Administration that:
(1)
The individual named in the outstanding warrant has been arrested; or
(2)
The outstanding warrant has been otherwise satisfied.
(2)
On receipt of an order or notice under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Administration shall reinstate a license or privilege to drive unless the license or privilege has been refused, revoked, suspended, or canceled under any other provision of the Maryland Vehicle Law.
(g)
(1)
The Administration, in consultation with the primary law enforcement officers of the State, shall adopt regulations to implement this section.
(2)
The regulations shall include:
(i)
Criteria that a law enforcement agency must meet prior to notifying the Administration that an individual is named in an outstanding warrant;
(ii)
A procedure for informing an individual named in an outstanding warrant:
(1)
That the individual’s license or privilege to drive has been suspended; and
(2)
Of the manner in which the individual may contest or resolve the suspension;
(iii)
A procedure which must be followed by the law enforcement agency to notify the Administration of changes in the status of an outstanding warrant; and
(iv)
A procedure for the Administration to carry out the suspension of a license or privilege to drive as authorized under this section.
(h)
If a law enforcement agency meets the criteria established under subsection (g) of this section, the Administration shall enter into an agreement with the appropriate primary law enforcement officer that provides for the notification to the Administration of individuals named in outstanding warrants.
(i)
The procedures specified in this section are in addition to any other penalty provided by law for the failure to meet the demands specified in a warrant.
(j)
This section may not be construed to require the Administration to arrest an individual named in an outstanding warrant.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-205 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–205LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
The Administration may revoke the license of any person who:
(i)
Is convicted under § 21–902(a) or (d) of this article of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, while under the influence of alcohol per se, or while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance; or
(ii)
Within a 3–year period, is convicted under § 21–902(b) or (c) of this article of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while impaired by alcohol or while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person cannot drive a vehicle safely and who was previously convicted of any combination of two or more violations under:
(1)
§ 21–902(a) of this article of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or while under the influence of alcohol per se;
(2)
§ 21–902(b) of this article of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while impaired by alcohol;
(3)
§ 21–902(c) of this article of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person cannot drive a vehicle safely; or
(4)
§ 21–902(d) of this article of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance.
(2)
In the notice of proposed revocation, the Administration shall advise an individual who is convicted under § 21–902(a) of this article that the individual, if eligible, is required to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program for the following periods:
(i)
6 months the first time the individual is required to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program;
(ii)
1 year the second time the individual is required to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program; and
(iii)
3 years the third or any subsequent time the individual is required to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program.
(b)
The Administration:
(1)
Shall revoke the license of any person who has been convicted under:
(i)
Title 2, Subtitle 5 of the Criminal Law Article for homicide by a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, impaired by alcohol, or impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol, or a controlled dangerous substance;
(ii)
§ 21–902(a), (b), (c), or (d) of this article for driving while under the influence of alcohol or alcohol per se, impaired by alcohol, or impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol, or a controlled dangerous substance that contributes to an accident that results in the death or life–threatening injury of another person; or
(iii)
§ 20–102 of this article for failure to remain at the scene of an accident that results in the death or serious bodily injury of another person; and
(2)
May not issue a temporary license to drive for any person whose license has been revoked under item (1) of this subsection during an administrative appeal of the revocation.
(c)
(1)
Subject to subsection (d–1) of this section and § 16–404.1 of this title, the Administration may suspend for not more than 60 days the license of any person who is convicted under § 21–902(b) or (c) of this article of driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while impaired by alcohol or while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person cannot drive a vehicle safely.
(2)
A suspension under this subsection shall be concurrent with any other suspension or revocation imposed by the Administration that arises out of the circumstances of the conviction for a violation of § 21–902 of this article described in this subsection.
(d)
(1)
Subject to subsection (d–1) and subsection (e) of this section and § 16–404.1 of this title, the Administration may suspend for not more than 1 year the license of any person who, within a 5–year period, is convicted of any violation of § 21–902 of this article after the person was previously convicted of any violation under § 21–902 of this article.
(2)
If requested by the person, the Administration may issue a restricted license for the period of a suspension to a person who participates in the Ignition Interlock System Program under § 16–404.1 of this title.
(3)
A suspension under this subsection shall be concurrent with any other suspension or revocation imposed by the Administration that arises out of the circumstances of the conviction for the violation of § 21–902 of this article described in this subsection.
(d–1)
(1)
Notwithstanding subsections (c) and (d) of this section and subject to § 16–404.1 of this title, for a person who is under the age of 21 years on the date of a violation of § 21–902 of this article, and who is subsequently convicted of the violation under § 21–902 of this article, the Administration shall suspend the person’s license to drive for:
(i)
1 year for a first conviction of § 21–902 of this article; and
(ii)
2 years for a second or subsequent conviction of § 21–902 of this article.
(2)
A suspension imposed under this subsection shall:
(i)
Be concurrent with any other suspension or revocation imposed by the Administration that arises out of the circumstances of the conviction for a violation of § 21–902 of this article described in this subsection; and
(ii)
Receive credit for any suspension period imposed under § 16–113(f) of this title or § 16–205.1 of this subtitle that arises out of the circumstances of the conviction for a violation of § 21–902 of this article described in this subsection.
(3)
(i)
Subject to the provisions of this paragraph, a person may request on the record that a hearing on a suspension under this subsection and any other hearing on another suspension or revocation under this section, § 16–206(c)(3) or § 16–213 of this subtitle, or § 16–404 of this title that arises out of the circumstances of the conviction for a violation of § 21–902 of this article described in this subsection be consolidated.
(ii)
A person who requests consolidation of hearings under this paragraph shall waive on the record each applicable notice of right to request a hearing required under Title 12, Subtitle 1 or 2 of this article or Title 10, Subtitle 2 of the State Government Article that applies to the other suspensions or revocations arising out of the same circumstances.
(iii)
A hearing under this paragraph may not be postponed at the request of the person who requests consolidation of hearings under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph due to a consolidation of the hearings.
(iv)
Subject to the provisions of this paragraph, the Administration shall consolidate the hearings described in this paragraph unless the administrative law judge finds in writing that good cause exists not to consolidate the hearings.
(e)
(1)
In this subsection, “motor vehicle” does not include a commercial motor vehicle.
(2)
Subject to the provisions of this subsection and § 16–404.1 of this title, the Administration shall suspend for 1 year the license of a person who is convicted of:
(i)
A violation of § 21–902(a) of this article more than once within a 5–year period;
(ii)
A violation of § 21–902(a) of this article within a 5–year period after the person was previously convicted of a violation of § 21–902(d) of this article; or
(iii)
A violation of § 21–902(d) of this article within a 5–year period after the person was previously convicted of a violation of § 21–902(a) of this article.
(3)
On receiving a record of a conviction of a person for a violation described in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administration shall issue to the person a notice of suspension of the person’s license that:
(i)
States that the person’s license shall be suspended for 1 year subject to § 16–404.1 of this title;
(ii)
States that a restricted license may be issued during the 1–year period of suspension if:
(1)
The person maintains an ignition interlock system on a motor vehicle owned or operated by the person for 1 year or a longer period if required under § 16–404.1 of this title; and
(2)
The license is restricted to prohibit the person from driving a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system;
(iii)
Advises the person of the requirements under paragraph (7) of this subsection for a person who does not participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program in accordance with this paragraph during the 1–year period of suspension;
(iv)
Advises the person of the right to request a hearing on a suspension under this paragraph;
(v)
Advises the person of the right, instead of requesting a hearing on a suspension under this paragraph, to be subject to a 1–year period of suspension, during which the person may be issued a restricted license under this paragraph if the following conditions are met:
(1)
The person’s driver’s license is not currently suspended, revoked, canceled, or refused;
(2)
The person surrenders a valid Maryland driver’s license or signs a statement certifying that the driver’s license is no longer in the person’s possession; and
(3)
The person elects in writing, within the same time limit for requesting a hearing, to meet the ignition interlock system requirements under this paragraph for 1 year; and
(vi)
Provides information about the Ignition Interlock System Program and how a person participates in the Program under § 16–404.1 of this title.
(4)
After notice under paragraph (3) of this subsection, the Administration shall suspend a person’s license under this subsection if:
(i)
The person does not request a hearing;
(ii)
After a hearing, the Administration finds that the person was convicted of:
(1)
A violation of § 21–902(a) of this article more than once within a 5–year period;
(2)
A violation of § 21–902(a) of this article within a 5–year period after the person was previously convicted of a violation of § 21–902(d) of this article; or
(3)
A violation of § 21–902(d) of this article within a 5–year period after the person was previously convicted of a violation of § 21–902(a) of this article; or
(iii)
The person fails to appear for a hearing requested by the person.
(5)
The Administration may modify a suspension under paragraph (4) of this subsection to:
(i)
Order the person to maintain for 1 year or a longer period if required under § 16–404.1 of this title an ignition interlock system on a motor vehicle owned or operated by the person; and
(ii)
Impose a restriction on the person’s license that prohibits the person from driving a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system.
(6)
A person who participates in the Ignition Interlock System Program for at least 1 year under paragraph (5) of this subsection is exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (7) through (11) of this subsection.
(7)
The Administration shall, within 90 days of the expiration of the 1–year period of suspension, issue to the person a notice, unless this notice requirement was waived at a hearing described in paragraph (4) of this subsection, that:
(i)
States that the person shall maintain for not less than 6 months and not less than the period required under § 16–404.1 of this title, dating from the expiration of the 1–year period of suspension, an ignition interlock system on each motor vehicle owned by the person;
(ii)
States that the Administration shall impose a restriction on the person’s license that prohibits the person from driving a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system for a period of not less than 6 months and not less than the period required under § 16–404.1 of this title, dating from the expiration of the 1–year period of suspension; and
(iii)
Advises the person of the right to request a hearing under this paragraph.
(8)
After notice under paragraph (7) of this subsection, or a waiver of notice, the Administration shall order a person to maintain for not less than 6 months and not less than the period required under § 16–404.1 of this title, dating from the expiration of the 1–year period of suspension, an ignition interlock system on each motor vehicle owned by the person and impose a license restriction that prohibits the person from driving a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system if:
(i)
The person does not request a hearing;
(ii)
The Administration finds at a hearing that the person owns one or more motor vehicles and that no financial hardship, as described in paragraphs (9) and (10) of this subsection, will be created by requiring the person to maintain an ignition interlock system on each motor vehicle owned by the person; or
(iii)
The person fails to appear for a hearing requested by the person.
(9)
If the Administration finds at a hearing that maintenance of an ignition interlock system on a motor vehicle owned by the person creates a financial hardship on the person, the family of the person, or a co–owner of the motor vehicle, the Administration:
(i)
Shall impose a restriction on the license of the person for not less than 6 months and not less than the period required under § 16–404.1 of this title, dating from the expiration of the 1–year period of suspension, that prohibits the person from driving any motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system; and
(ii)
May not require the person to maintain an ignition interlock system on any motor vehicle to which the financial hardship applies.
(10)
An exemption under paragraph (9)(ii) of this subsection applies only under circumstances that:
(i)
Are specific to the person’s motor vehicle; and
(ii)
Meet criteria contained in regulations that shall be adopted by the Administration.
(11)
If a person requests a hearing and the Administration finds that the person does not own a motor vehicle at the expiration of the 1–year period of suspension, the Administration shall impose a restriction on the license of the person for not less than 6 months and not less than the period required under § 16–404.1 of this title, dating from the expiration of the 1–year period of suspension, that prohibits the person from driving any motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system.
(12)
Each notice and hearing under this subsection shall meet the requirements of Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(13)
This subsection does not limit any provision of this article that allows or requires the Administration to:
(i)
Revoke or suspend a license of a person; or
(ii)
Prohibit a person from driving a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system.
(14)
A suspension imposed under this subsection shall be concurrent with any other suspension or revocation imposed by the Administration that arises out of the circumstances of the conviction for a violation of § 21–902(a) or (d) of this article described in this subsection.
(15)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection, a person who is subject to suspension under paragraph (2) of this subsection may not operate a motor vehicle owned or provided by the person’s employer that is not equipped with an ignition interlock device, as set forth in § 27–107(g) of this article.
(f)
(1)
Subject to paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administration may modify any suspension under this section or any suspension under § 16–205.1 of this subtitle and issue a restricted license to a licensee who participates in the Ignition Interlock System Program established under § 16–404.1 of this title.
(2)
The Administration may not modify a suspension and issue a restricted license during a mandatory period of suspension described in subsection (e) of this section.
(g)
When a suspension imposed under subsection (c), (d), (d–1), or (e) of this section or § 16–206(b) of this subtitle expires, the Administration immediately shall return the license or reinstate the privilege of the driver, unless the license or privilege has been refused, revoked, suspended, or canceled under any other provisions of the Maryland Vehicle Law.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-205.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–205.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
(i)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(ii)
“Specimen of blood” and “1 specimen of blood” means 1 sample of blood that is taken, in a single procedure, in 2 or more portions in 2 or more separate vials.
(iii)
“Test” means, unless the context requires otherwise:
(1)
A test of a person’s breath or of 1 specimen of a person’s blood to determine alcohol concentration;
(2)
A test or tests of 1 specimen of a person’s blood to determine the drug or controlled dangerous substance content of the person’s blood; or
(3)
Both:
(A)
A test of a person’s breath or a test of 1 specimen of a person’s blood, to determine alcohol concentration; and
(B)
A test or tests of 1 specimen of a person’s blood to determine the drug or controlled dangerous substance content of the person’s blood.
(iv)
“Under the influence of alcohol” includes under the influence of alcohol per se as defined by § 11–174.1 of this article.
(2)
Any person who drives or attempts to drive a motor vehicle on a highway or on any private property that is used by the public in general in this State is deemed to have consented, subject to the provisions of §§ 10–302 through 10–309, inclusive, of the Courts and Judicial Proceedings Article, to take a test if the person should be detained on suspicion of driving or attempting to drive while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, in violation of an alcohol restriction, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title.
(b)
(1)
Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, a person may not be compelled to take a test. However, the detaining officer shall advise the person that, on receipt of a sworn statement from the officer that the person was so charged and refused to take a test, or was tested and the result indicated an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more, the Administration shall:
(i)
In the case of a person licensed under this title:
(1)
Except as provided in items 2, 3, and 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license for 180 days;
(2)
Except as provided in item 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 270 days;
(3)
Except as provided in item 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 6 months; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 1 year;
(4)
For a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 1 year; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, revoke the person’s driving privilege; or
(5)
For a test refusal:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 270 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license for 2 years;
(ii)
In the case of a nonresident or unlicensed person:
(1)
Except as provided in items 2, 3, and 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 180 days;
(2)
Except as provided in item 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 270 days;
(3)
Except as provided in item 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 6 months; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 1 year;
(4)
For a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 1 year; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, revoke the person’s driving privilege; or
(5)
For a test refusal:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 270 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the person’s driving privilege for 2 years; and
(iii)
In addition to any applicable driver’s license suspensions authorized under this section, in the case of a person operating a commercial motor vehicle or who holds a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license who refuses to take a test:
(1)
Disqualify the person’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license for a period of 1 year for a first offense, 3 years for a first offense which occurs while transporting hazardous materials required to be placarded, and disqualify for life if the person’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license has been previously disqualified for at least 1 year under:
(A)
§ 16–812(a) or (b) of this title;
(B)
A federal law; or
(C)
Any other state’s law; or
(2)
If the person holds a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license issued by another state, disqualify the person’s privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle and report the refusal and disqualification to the person’s resident state which may result in further penalties imposed by the person’s resident state.
(2)
Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, if a police officer stops or detains any person who the police officer has reasonable grounds to believe is or has been driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, in violation of an alcohol restriction, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title, and who is not unconscious or otherwise incapable of refusing to take a test, the police officer shall:
(i)
Detain the person;
(ii)
Request that the person permit a test to be taken;
(iii)
Advise the person of the administrative sanctions that shall be imposed for test results indicating an alcohol concentration of at least 0.08 but less than 0.15 at the time of testing;
(iv)
Advise the person of the administrative sanctions, including ineligibility for modification of a suspension or issuance of a restricted license unless the person participates in the Ignition Interlock System Program under § 16–404.1 of this title, that shall be imposed for refusal to take the test and for test results indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing;
(v)
Advise the person of the additional criminal penalties that may be imposed under § 21–902(g) of this article on conviction of a violation of § 21–902 of this article if the person knowingly refused to take a test arising out of the same circumstances as the violation; and
(vi)
Advise the person that a court shall impose participation in the Ignition Interlock System Program as part of the sentence in accordance with § 21–902.3 of this article.
(3)
If the person refuses to take the test or takes a test which results in an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, the police officer shall:
(i)
Confiscate the person’s driver’s license issued by this State;
(ii)
Acting on behalf of the Administration, personally serve an order of suspension on the person;
(iii)
Issue a temporary license to drive;
(iv)
Inform the person that the temporary license allows the person to continue driving for 45 days if the person is licensed under this title;
(v)
Inform the person that:
(1)
The person has a right to request, at that time or within 10 days, a hearing to show cause why the driver’s license should not be suspended concerning the refusal to take the test or for test results indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, and the hearing will be scheduled within 45 days; and
(2)
If a hearing request is not made at that time or within 10 days, but within 30 days the person requests a hearing, a hearing to show cause why the driver’s license should not be suspended concerning the refusal to take the test or for test results indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing will be scheduled, but a request made after 10 days does not extend a temporary license issued by the police officer that allows the person to continue driving for 45 days;
(vi)
Advise the person of the administrative sanctions that shall be imposed in the event of failure to request a hearing, failure to attend a requested hearing, or upon an adverse finding by the hearing officer;
(vii)
Inform the person that, if the person refuses a test or takes a test that indicates an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, the person may participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program under § 16–404.1 of this title instead of requesting a hearing under this paragraph, if the following conditions are met:
(1)
The person’s driver’s license is not currently suspended, revoked, canceled, or refused; and
(2)
Within the same time limits set forth in item (v) of this paragraph, the person:
(A)
Surrenders a valid Maryland driver’s license or signs a statement certifying that the driver’s license is no longer in the person’s possession; and
(B)
Elects in writing to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program for 1 year;
(viii)
Provide information about the Ignition Interlock System Program and how a person participates in the Program under § 16–404.1 of this title; and
(ix)
Within 72 hours after the issuance of the order of suspension, send any confiscated driver’s license, copy of the suspension order, and a sworn statement to the Administration, that states:
(1)
The officer had reasonable grounds to believe that the person had been driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle on a highway or on any private property that is used by the public in general in this State while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, in violation of an alcohol restriction, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title;
(2)
The person refused to take a test when requested by the police officer, the person submitted to the test which indicated an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, or the person submitted to the test which indicated an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing; and
(3)
The person was fully advised of the administrative sanctions that shall be imposed, including the fact that a person who refuses to take the test or takes a test that indicates an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing is eligible for modification of a suspension or issuance of a restricted license.
(c)
(1)
If a person is involved in a motor vehicle accident that results in the death of, or a life threatening injury to, another person and the person is detained by a police officer who has reasonable grounds to believe that the person has been driving or attempting to drive while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title, the person shall be required to submit, as directed by the officer, to a test of:
(i)
The person’s breath to determine alcohol concentration;
(ii)
One specimen of the person’s blood, to determine alcohol concentration or to determine the drug or controlled dangerous substance content of the person’s blood; or
(iii)
Both the person’s breath under item (i) of this paragraph and one specimen of the person’s blood under item (ii) of this paragraph.
(2)
If a police officer directs that a person be tested, then the provisions of § 10–304 of the Courts and Judicial Proceedings Article shall apply.
(3)
Any medical personnel who perform any test required by this section are not liable for any civil damages as the result of any act or omission related to such test, not amounting to gross negligence.
(d)
(1)
If a police officer has reasonable grounds to believe that a person has been driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title, and if the police officer determines that the person is unconscious or otherwise incapable of refusing to take a test, the police officer shall:
(i)
Obtain prompt medical attention for the person;
(ii)
If necessary, arrange for removal of the person to a nearby medical facility; and
(iii)
If a test would not jeopardize the health or well–being of the person, direct a qualified medical person to withdraw blood for a test.
(2)
If a person regains consciousness or otherwise becomes capable of refusing before the taking of a test, the police officer shall follow the procedure set forth in subsection (b) or (c) of this section.
(e)
(1)
The tests to determine alcohol concentration may be administered by an individual who has been examined and is certified by the Department of State Police as sufficiently equipped and trained to administer the tests.
(2)
The Department of State Police may adopt regulations for the examination and certification of individuals trained to administer tests to determine alcohol concentration.
(f)
(1)
Subject to the provisions of this subsection, at the time of, or within 30 days from the date of, the issuance of an order of suspension, a person may submit a written request for a hearing before an officer of the Administration if:
(i)
The person is arrested for driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, in violation of an alcohol restriction, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title; and
(ii)
(1)
There is an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing; or
(2)
The person refused to take a test.
(2)
A request for a hearing made by mail shall be deemed to have been made on the date of the United States Postal Service postmark on the mail.
(3)
If the driver’s license has not been previously surrendered, the license must be surrendered at the time the request for a hearing is made.
(4)
If a hearing request is not made at the time of or within 10 days after the issuance of the order of suspension or revocation, the Administration shall:
(i)
Make the order effective and shall:
(1)
Except as provided in items 2, 3, and 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license for 180 days;
(2)
Except as provided in item 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license for 270 days;
(3)
Except as provided in item 4 of this item, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 6 months; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license for 1 year;
(4)
For a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 1 year; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, revoke the driver’s license; or
(5)
For a test refusal:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 270 days; or
(B)
For a second offense or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license for 2 years; and
(ii)
(1)
In the case of a person operating a commercial motor vehicle or who holds a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license who refuses to take a test, disqualify the person from operating a commercial motor vehicle for a period of 1 year for a first offense, 3 years for a first offense which occurs while transporting hazardous materials required to be placarded, and for life for a second or subsequent offense which occurs while operating any commercial vehicle; or
(2)
In the case of a person operating a commercial motor vehicle who refuses to take a test, and who holds a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license issued by another state, disqualify the person’s privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle in this State and report the refusal and disqualification to the person’s resident state which may result in further penalties imposed by the person’s resident state.
(5)
(i)
If the person requests a hearing at the time of or within 10 days after the issuance of the order of suspension and surrenders the driver’s license or, if applicable, the person’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, the Administration shall set a hearing for a date within 30 days of the receipt of the request.
(ii)
Subject to the provisions of this paragraph, a postponement of a hearing under this paragraph does not extend the period for which the person is authorized to drive and the suspension and, if applicable, the disqualification shall become effective on the expiration of the 45–day period after the issuance of the order of suspension.
(iii)
A postponement of a hearing described under this paragraph shall extend the period for which the person is authorized to drive if:
(1)
Both the person and the Administration agree to the postponement;
(2)
The Administration cannot provide a hearing within the period required under this paragraph; or
(3)
Under circumstances in which the person made a request, within 10 days of the date that the order of suspension was served under this section, for the issuance of a subpoena under § 12–108 of this article except as time limits are changed by this paragraph:
(A)
The subpoena was not issued by the Administration;
(B)
An adverse witness for whom the subpoena was requested, and on whom the subpoena was served not less than 5 days before the hearing described under this paragraph, fails to comply with the subpoena at an initial or subsequent hearing described under this paragraph held within the 45–day period; or
(C)
A witness for whom the subpoena was requested fails to comply with the subpoena, for good cause shown, at an initial or subsequent hearing described under this paragraph held within the 45–day period after the issuance of the order of suspension.
(iv)
If a witness is served with a subpoena for a hearing under this paragraph, the witness shall comply with the subpoena within 20 days from the date that the subpoena is served.
(v)
If a hearing is postponed beyond the 45–day period after the issuance of the order of suspension under the circumstances described in subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph, the Administration shall stay the suspension and issue a temporary license that authorizes the person to drive only until the date of the rescheduled hearing described under this paragraph.
(vi)
To the extent possible, the Administration shall expeditiously reschedule a hearing that is postponed under this paragraph.
(6)
(i)
If a hearing request is not made at the time of, or within 10 days from the date of the issuance of an order of suspension, but within 30 days of the date of the issuance of an order of suspension, the person requests a hearing and surrenders the driver’s license or, if applicable, the person’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, the Administration shall:
(1)
(A)
Make a suspension order effective suspending the license for the applicable period of time described under paragraph (4)(i) of this subsection; and
(B)
In the case of a person operating a commercial motor vehicle or who holds a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license who refuses to take a test, disqualify the person’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, or privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle in this State, for the applicable period of time described under paragraph (4)(ii) of this subsection; and
(2)
Set a hearing for a date within 45 days of the receipt of a request for a hearing under this paragraph.
(ii)
A request for a hearing scheduled under this paragraph does not extend the period for which the person is authorized to drive, and the suspension and, if applicable, the disqualification shall become effective on the expiration of the 45–day period that begins on the date of the issuance of the order of suspension.
(iii)
A postponement of a hearing described under this paragraph shall stay the suspension only if:
(1)
Both the person and the Administration agree to the postponement;
(2)
The Administration cannot provide a hearing under this paragraph within the period required under this paragraph; or
(3)
Under circumstances in which the person made a request, within 10 days of the date that the person requested a hearing under this paragraph, for the issuance of a subpoena under § 12–108 of this article except as time limits are changed by this paragraph:
(A)
The subpoena was not issued by the Administration;
(B)
An adverse witness for whom the subpoena was requested, and on whom the subpoena was served not less than 5 days before the hearing, fails to comply with the subpoena at an initial or subsequent hearing under this paragraph held within the 45–day period that begins on the date of the request for a hearing under this paragraph; or
(C)
A witness for whom the subpoena was requested fails to comply with the subpoena, for good cause shown, at an initial or subsequent hearing under this paragraph held within the 45–day period that begins on the date of the request for a hearing under this paragraph.
(iv)
If a witness is served with a subpoena for a hearing under this paragraph, the witness shall comply with the subpoena within 20 days from the date that the subpoena is served.
(v)
If a hearing is postponed beyond the 45–day period that begins on the date of the request for a hearing under this paragraph under circumstances described in subparagraph (iii) of this paragraph, the Administration shall stay the suspension and issue a temporary license that authorizes the person to drive only until the date of the rescheduled hearing.
(vi)
To the extent possible, the Administration shall expeditiously reschedule a hearing that is postponed under this paragraph.
(7)
(i)
At a hearing under this section, the person has the rights described in § 12–206 of this article, but at the hearing the only issues shall be:
(1)
Whether the police officer who stops or detains a person had reasonable grounds to believe the person was driving or attempting to drive while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, in violation of an alcohol restriction, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title;
(2)
Whether there was evidence of the use by the person of alcohol, any drug, any combination of drugs, a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol, or a controlled dangerous substance;
(3)
Whether the police officer requested a test after the person was fully advised, as required under subsection (b)(2) of this section, of the administrative sanctions that shall be imposed;
(4)
Whether the person refused to take the test;
(5)
Whether the person drove or attempted to drive a motor vehicle while having an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing;
(6)
Whether the person drove or attempted to drive a motor vehicle while having an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing;
(7)
If the hearing involves disqualification of a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license, whether the person was operating a commercial motor vehicle or held a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license; or
(8)
Whether the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person.
(ii)
The sworn statement of the police officer and of the test technician or analyst shall be prima facie evidence of a test refusal, a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, or a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing.
(8)
(i)
After a hearing, the Administration shall suspend or revoke the person’s license or privilege to drive if:
(1)
The police officer who stopped or detained the person had reasonable grounds to believe the person was driving or attempting to drive while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, in violation of an alcohol restriction, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title;
(2)
There was evidence of the use by the person of alcohol, any drug, any combination of drugs, a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol, or a controlled dangerous substance;
(3)
The police officer requested a test after the person was fully advised, as required under subsection (b)(2) of this section, of the administrative sanctions that shall be imposed;
(B)
A test to determine alcohol concentration was taken and the test result indicated an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing; and
(5)
When applicable, the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person.
(ii)
After a hearing, the Administration shall disqualify the person from driving a commercial motor vehicle if:
(1)
The person was detained while operating a commercial motor vehicle or while holding a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license;
(2)
The police officer who stopped or detained the person had reasonable grounds to believe that the person was driving or attempting to drive while under the influence of alcohol, while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance, in violation of an alcohol restriction, or in violation of § 16–813 of this title;
(3)
There was evidence of the use by the person of alcohol, any drug, any combination of drugs, a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol, or a controlled dangerous substance;
(4)
The police officer requested a test after the person was fully advised of the administrative sanctions that shall be imposed; and
(5)
The person refused to take the test.
(iii)
If the person is licensed to drive a commercial motor vehicle or holds a commercial instructional permit, the Administration shall disqualify the person in accordance with subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, but may not impose a suspension under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph, if:
(1)
The person was detained while operating a commercial motor vehicle or while holding a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license;
(2)
The police officer had reasonable grounds to believe the person was in violation of an alcohol restriction or in violation of § 16–813 of this title;
(3)
The police officer did not have reasonable grounds to believe the driver was driving while under the influence of alcohol, driving while impaired by alcohol, while so far impaired by any drug, any combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol that the person could not drive a vehicle safely, or while impaired by a controlled dangerous substance; and
(4)
The driver refused to take a test.
(iv)
In the absence of a compelling reason for failure to attend a hearing, failure of a person to attend a hearing is prima facie evidence of the person’s inability to answer the sworn statement of the police officer or the test technician or analyst, and the Administration summarily shall:
(1)
Suspend the driver’s license or privilege to drive; and
(2)
If the driver is detained in a commercial motor vehicle or holds a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license, disqualify the person from operating a commercial motor vehicle.
(v)
The suspension imposed shall be:
(1)
Except as provided in items 2 and 3 of this subparagraph, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, a suspension for 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, a suspension for 180 days;
(2)
Except as provided in item 3 of this subparagraph, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing:
(A)
For a first offense, a suspension of 180 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, a suspension of 270 days;
(3)
Except as provided in item 4 of this subparagraph, for a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 6 months; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, suspend the driver’s license for 1 year;
(4)
For a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing, if the person was involved in a motor vehicle accident that resulted in the death of another person:
(A)
For a first offense, suspend the driver’s license for 1 year; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, revoke the driver’s license; or
(5)
For a test refusal:
(A)
For a first offense, a suspension for 270 days; or
(B)
For a second or subsequent offense, a suspension for 2 years.
(vi)
A disqualification imposed under subparagraph (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph shall be for a period of 1 year for a first offense, 3 years for a first offense which occurs while transporting hazardous material required to be placarded, and life for a second or subsequent offense which occurs while operating or attempting to operate any commercial motor vehicle.
(vii)
A disqualification of a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license is not subject to any modifications, nor may a restricted commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license be issued in lieu of a disqualification.
(viii)
A disqualification for life may be reduced if permitted by § 16–812(d) of this title.
(g)
Instead of requesting a hearing or on a suspension or revocation under subsection (f) of this section, a person may request to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program under § 16–404.1 of this title if:
(1)
The person’s driver’s license is not currently suspended, revoked, canceled, or refused; and
(2)
Within the same time limits set forth in subsection (f) of this section, the person:
(i)
Surrenders a valid Maryland driver’s license or signs a statement certifying that the driver’s license is no longer in the person’s possession; and
(ii)
Elects in writing to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program for:
(1)
180 days for an offense of a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of at least 0.08 but not more than 0.14;
(2)
1 year for an offense of a test result indicating an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more; or
(3)
1 year for an offense of a test refusal.
(h)
(1)
An initial refusal to take a test that is withdrawn as provided in this subsection is not a refusal to take a test.
(2)
A person who initially refuses to take a test may withdraw the initial refusal and subsequently consent to take the test if the subsequent consent:
(i)
Is unequivocal;
(ii)
Does not substantially interfere with the timely and efficacious administration of the test; and
(iii)
Is given by the person:
(1)
Before the delay in testing would materially affect the outcome of the test; and
(2)
(A)
For the purpose of a test for determining alcohol concentration, within 2 hours of the person’s apprehension; or
(B)
For the purpose of a test for determining the drug or controlled dangerous substance content of the person’s blood, within 4 hours of the person’s apprehension.
(3)
In determining whether a person has withdrawn an initial refusal for the purposes of paragraph (1) of this subsection, among the factors that the Administration shall consider are the following:
(i)
Whether the test would have been administered properly:
(1)
For the purpose of a test for determining alcohol concentration, within 2 hours of the person’s apprehension; or
(2)
For the purpose of a test for determining the drug or controlled dangerous substance content of the person’s blood, within 4 hours of the person’s apprehension;
(ii)
Whether a qualified person, as defined in § 10–304 of the Courts Article, to administer the test and testing equipment were readily available;
(iii)
Whether the delay in testing would have interfered with the administration of a test to another person;
(iv)
Whether the delay in testing would have interfered with the attention to other duties of the arresting officer or a qualified person, as defined in § 10–304 of the Courts Article;
(v)
Whether the person’s subsequent consent to take the test was made in good faith; and
(vi)
Whether the consent after the initial refusal was while the person was still in police custody.
(4)
In determining whether a person has withdrawn an initial refusal for the purposes of paragraph (1) of this subsection, the burden of proof rests with the person to establish by a preponderance of the evidence the requirements of paragraph (2) of this subsection.
(i)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, if a driver’s license is suspended based on multiple administrative offenses of refusal to take a test, or a test to determine alcohol concentration taken that indicated an alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more at the time of testing, or any combination of these administrative offenses committed at the same time, or arising out of circumstances simultaneous in time and place, or arising out of the same incident, the Administration:
(1)
Shall suspend the driver’s license for the administrative offense that results in the lengthiest period of suspension; and
(2)
May not impose any additional periods of suspension for the remainder of the administrative offenses.
(j)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a test for drug or controlled dangerous substance content under this section:
(1)
May not be requested as described under subsection (b) of this section, required as described under subsection (c) of this section, or directed as described under subsection (d) of this section, by a police officer unless the law enforcement agency of which the officer is a member has the capacity to have such tests conducted;
(2)
May only be requested as described under subsection (b) of this section, required as described under subsection (c) of this section, or directed as described under subsection (d) of this section, by a police officer who is a trainee, has been trained, or is participating directly or indirectly in a program of training that is:
(i)
Designed to train and certify police officers as drug recognition experts; and
(ii)
Conducted by a law enforcement agency of the State, or any county, municipal, or other law enforcement agency in the State described in item (3)(i)1 through 12 of this subsection:
(1)
In conjunction with the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; or
(2)
As a program of training of police officers as drug recognition experts that contains requirements for successful completion of the training program that are the substantial equivalent of the requirements of the Drug Recognition Training Program developed by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration; and
(3)
May only be requested as described under subsection (b) of this section, required as described under subsection (c) of this section, or directed as described under subsection (d) of this section:
(i)
In the case of a police officer who is a trainee, or who is participating directly or indirectly in a program of training described in item (2) of this subsection, if the police officer is a member of, and is designated as a trainee or a participant by the head of:
(1)
The Department of State Police;
(2)
The Baltimore City Police Department;
(3)
A police department, bureau, or force of a county;
(4)
A police department, bureau, or force of an incorporated city or town;
(5)
The Maryland Transit Administration Police Force;
(6)
The Maryland Port Administration Police Force of the Department of Transportation;
(7)
The Maryland Transportation Authority Police Force;
(8)
The Police Force of a University of Maryland campus or another institution in the University System of Maryland or Morgan State University;
(9)
The police force for a State university or college under the direction and control of the University System of Maryland;
(10)
A sheriff’s department of any county or Baltimore City;
(11)
The Natural Resources Police Force or the Forest and Park Service Police Force of the Department of Natural Resources; or
(12)
The Maryland Capitol Police of the Department of General Services; or
(ii)
In the case of a police officer who has been trained as a drug recognition expert, if the police officer is a member of, and certified as a drug recognition expert by the head of one of the law enforcement agencies described in item (i)1 through 12 of this item.
(k)
If the Administration imposes a suspension, revocation, or disqualification after a hearing, the person whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended, revoked, or disqualified may appeal the final order of suspension or revocation as provided in Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(l)
(1)
Subject to § 16–812(p) of this title, this section does not prohibit the imposition of further administrative sanctions if the person is convicted for any violation of the Maryland Vehicle Law arising out of the same occurrence.
(2)
This subsection may not be construed as limiting the provisions of § 16–404.1(m) of this title.
(m)
(1)
The determination of any facts by the Administration is independent of the determination of the same or similar facts in the adjudication of any criminal charges arising out of the same occurrence.
(2)
The disposition of those criminal charges may not affect any suspension imposed under this section.
(n)
(1)
Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, a suspension imposed under this section may not be stayed by the Administration pending appeal.
(2)
If the person files an appeal and requests in writing a stay of a suspension imposed under this section, the Director of the Division of Administrative Adjudication of the Administration may stay a suspension imposed under this section.
(o)
(1)
This subsection applies only to a licensee who takes a test that indicates an alcohol concentration of at least 0.08 but less than 0.15 and did not elect to participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program.
(2)
The Administration may modify a suspension under this section or issue a restricted license if the Administration finds that:
(i)
The licensee is required to drive a motor vehicle in the course of employment;
(ii)
The license is required for the purpose of attending an alcohol prevention or treatment program;
(iii)
The licensee has no alternative means of transportation available to or from the licensee’s place of employment and, without the license, the licensee’s ability to earn a living would be severely impaired;
(iv)
The license is required for the purpose of obtaining health care treatment, including a prescription, that is necessary for the licensee or a member of the licensee’s immediate family and the licensee and the licensee’s immediate family have no alternative means of transportation available to obtain the health care treatment; or
(v)
The license is required for the purpose of attending a noncollegiate educational institution as defined in § 2–206(a) of the Education Article or a regular program at an institution of postsecondary education.
(p)
(1)
This subsection applies only to a licensee who:
(i)
Refused to take a test; or
(ii)
Took a test that indicated an alcohol concentration of 0.15 or more at the time of testing.
(2)
The Administration may modify a suspension under this section or issue a restricted license only if the licensee participates in the Ignition Interlock System Program for 1 year.
(q)
(1)
If the Administration modifies a suspension under this section or issues a restricted license on condition that the licensee participate in the Ignition Interlock System Program and the licensee does not successfully complete the Program, the Administration shall suspend the licensee’s driver’s license or driving privilege for the full period of suspension specified in this section for the applicable violation.
(2)
The Administration shall notify a licensee of a suspension under this subsection.
(3)
A licensee may request an administrative hearing on a suspension imposed under this subsection.
(4)
If a licensee requests a hearing under this subsection, the suspension shall be stayed pending the decision at the administrative hearing.
(r)
The provisions of this section relating to disqualification do not apply to offenses committed by an individual in a noncommercial motor vehicle before:
(1)
September 30, 2005; or
(2)
The initial issuance to the individual of a commercial instructional permit by any state.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-205.2 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–205.2LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A police officer who has reasonable grounds to believe that an individual is or has been driving or attempting to drive a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or while impaired by alcohol may, without making an arrest and prior to the issuance of a citation, request the individual to submit to a preliminary breath test to be administered by the officer using a device approved by the toxicologist in the Department of State Police Forensic Sciences Division.
(b)
The police officer requesting the preliminary breath test shall advise the person to be tested that neither a refusal to take the test nor the taking of the test shall prevent or require a subsequent chemical test pursuant to § 16-205.1 of this subtitle.
(c)
The results of the preliminary breath test shall be used as a guide for the police officer in deciding whether an arrest should be made and may not be used as evidence by the State in any court action. The results of the preliminary breath test may be used as evidence by a defendant in a court action. The taking of or refusal to submit to a preliminary breath test is not admissible in evidence in any court action. Any evidence pertaining to a preliminary breath test may not be used in a civil action.
(d)
Refusal to submit to a preliminary breath test shall not constitute a violation of § 16-205.1 of this subtitle and the taking of a preliminary breath test shall not relieve the individual of the obligation to take the test required under § 16-205.1 of this subtitle if requested to do so by the police officer.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-206 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–206LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
The Administration may suspend, revoke, or refuse to issue or renew the license of any resident or the privilege to drive of any nonresident on a showing by its records or other sufficient evidence that the applicant or licensee:
(i)
Has been convicted of moving violations so often as to indicate an intent to disregard the traffic laws and the safety of other persons on the highways;
(ii)
Is an unfit, unsafe, or habitually reckless or negligent driver of a motor vehicle;
(iii)
Has permitted an unlawful or fraudulent use of a license, identification card, or a facsimile of a license or identification card;
(iv)
Has used a license, identification card, or a facsimile of a license or identification card in an unlawful or fraudulent manner, unless the applicant or licensee is subject to the provisions of subsection (c) of this section;
(v)
Has committed an offense in another state that, if committed in this State, would be grounds for suspension or revocation; or
(vi)
Has knowingly made a false certification of required security in any application for a certificate of title or for the registration of a vehicle.
(2)
The Administration may suspend a license to drive of an individual who fails to attend:
(i)
A driver improvement program or an alcohol education program required under § 16–212 of this subtitle; or
(ii)
A private alternative program or an alternative program that is provided by a political subdivision of this State under § 16–212 of this subtitle.
(3)
The Administration may suspend or revoke a provisional license under § 16–213 of this subtitle.
(4)
(i)
Pursuant to a court order under § 4–503, § 9–504, or § 9–505 of the Criminal Law Article, the Administration:
(1)
Shall initiate an action to suspend the driver’s license or driving privilege of an individual for a time specified by the court; and
(2)
May issue a restricted license that is limited to driving a motor vehicle:
(A)
For the purpose of attending an alcohol education or alcoholic prevention or treatment program;
(B)
That is required in the course of employment;
(C)
For the purposes of driving to or from a place of employment if the individual’s employment would be adversely affected because the individual has no reasonable alternative means of transportation to or from the place of employment; or
(D)
For the purposes of driving to or from school or any other place of educational instruction if the individual’s education would be adversely affected because the individual has no reasonable alternative means of transportation for educational purposes.
(ii)
If an individual subject to a suspension under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph does not possess the privilege to drive on the date of the disposition, the suspension shall commence:
(1)
If the individual is at an age that is eligible to obtain the privilege to drive on the date of the disposition, on the date of the disposition; or
(2)
If the individual is younger than an age that is eligible to obtain the privilege to drive on the date of the disposition, on the date the individual is eligible to obtain driving privileges.
(5)
(i)
The Administration may suspend the license of a person who is convicted of a moving violation that contributed to an accident resulting in the death of another person.
(ii)
A suspension under this paragraph may not exceed 6 months.
(iii)
This paragraph does not limit the authority of the Administration to suspend, revoke, or refuse to issue or renew a license under any other provision of law.
(b)
(1)
Upon notification by the clerk of the court that a child has been adjudicated delinquent for a violation of § 21–902 of this article, or that a finding has been made that a child violated § 21–902 of this article, the Administration shall suspend the license to drive of the child in accordance with § 3–8A–23(a)(4)(i) of the Courts Article.
(2)
On notification by the clerk of the court that a child has been adjudicated delinquent for a violation of § 13–401(b) of this article for driving an off–highway recreational vehicle on a highway, or of § 20–102, § 20–103, or § 21–904 of this article, or that a finding has been made that a child violated § 13–401(b) of this article for driving an off–highway recreational vehicle on a highway, or of § 20–102, § 20–103, or § 21–904 of this article, the Administration shall suspend the child’s license to drive in accordance with § 3–8A–23(a)(5) of the Courts Article.
(3)
If a child subject to a suspension under this subsection does not hold a license to operate a motor vehicle on the date of the disposition, the suspension shall commence:
(i)
If the child is at least 16 years old on the date of the disposition, on the date of the disposition; or
(ii)
If the child is younger than 16 years of age on the date of the disposition, on the date the child reaches the child’s 16th birthday.
(4)
A suspension imposed under this subsection shall:
(i)
Be concurrent with any other suspension or revocation imposed by the Administration that arises out of the circumstances of the adjudication of delinquency or finding that the child is in violation of § 13–401(b) of this article for driving an off–highway recreational vehicle on a highway, or of § 20–102, § 20–103, § 21–902, or § 21–904 of this article as described in this subsection; and
(ii)
Receive credit for any suspension period imposed under § 16–113(f) of this title or § 16–205.1 of this subtitle that arises out of the circumstances of the violation of § 21–902 of this article described in this subsection.
(5)
(i)
Subject to the provisions of this paragraph, a person may request on the record that a hearing on a suspension under this subsection and any other hearing on another suspension or revocation under subsection (c) of this section, § 16–213 of this subtitle, or § 16–404 of this title that arises out of the circumstances of the conviction for a violation of § 21–902 of this article described in this subsection be consolidated.
(ii)
A person who requests consolidation of hearings under this paragraph shall waive on the record each applicable notice of right to request a hearing required under Title 12, Subtitle 1 or 2 of this article or Title 10, Subtitle 2 of the State Government Article that applies to the other suspensions or revocations arising out of the same circumstances.
(iii)
A hearing under this paragraph may not be postponed at the request of the person who requests consolidation of hearings under subparagraph (i) of this paragraph due to a consolidation of the hearings.
(iv)
Subject to the provisions of this paragraph, the Administration shall consolidate the hearings described in this paragraph unless the administrative law judge finds in writing that good cause exists not to consolidate the hearings.
(c)
(1)
Pursuant to a court order under § 3–8A–19(e) of the Courts Article, the Administration shall initiate an action to suspend the driving privilege of a child for the time specified by the court.
(2)
If a child subject to a suspension under § 3–8A–19(e) of the Courts Article does not hold a license to operate a motor vehicle on the date of the court order, the suspension shall commence:
(i)
If the child is at least 16 years of age on the date of the disposition, on the date of the disposition; or
(ii)
If the child is younger than 16 years of age on the date of the disposition, on the date the child reaches the child’s 16th birthday.
(3)
(i)
On receipt of a notice described under § 10–119(k) of the Criminal Law Article, the Administration shall suspend the license of an individual described under § 10–119(k) of the Criminal Law Article:
(1)
For a first offense, for 6 months; and
(2)
For a second or subsequent offense, until the individual is 21 years old or for a period of 1 year, whichever is longer.
(ii)
On receipt of a notice described under § 13–401(b)(2) of this article, the Administration shall suspend the license of an individual described under § 13–401(b)(2) of this article:
(1)
For a first offense, for 6 months; and
(2)
For a second or subsequent offense, for 1 year.
(4)
If an individual subject to a suspension under paragraph (3) of this subsection does not hold a license to operate a motor vehicle on the date that the individual is found guilty of the violation, the suspension shall begin on the date that the license is issued, or after the individual applies and becomes qualified to receive a license, or on the individual’s twenty–first birthday, whichever occurs first.
(5)
The Administration may modify a suspension under this subsection or subsection (b) of this section or issue a restricted license if:
(i)
The license is required for the purpose of attending an alcohol education or alcoholic prevention or treatment program;
(ii)
The child or individual is required to drive a motor vehicle in the course of employment;
(iii)
It finds that the individual’s or child’s employment would be adversely affected because the individual or child has no reasonable alternative means of transportation to or from a place of employment; or
(iv)
It finds that the individual’s or child’s education would be adversely affected because the individual or child has no reasonable alternative means of transportation for educational purposes.
(d)
(1)
After the Administration refuses to issue a license under this section, determines that a suspension should be imposed under subsection (a)(2) of this section, or determines that a suspension or revocation should be imposed under subsection (a)(3) of this section, the Administration immediately shall give written notice to the applicant or licensee, and the applicant or licensee may request a hearing as provided in Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(2)
After the Administration suspends the driver’s license or driving privilege of an individual under subsection (a)(4) of this section, the Administration shall send written notice to the individual, including notice of the individual’s right to contest the accuracy of the information.
(3)
Any contest under this subsection shall be limited to:
(i)
Whether the Administration has mistaken the identity of the individual whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended; and
(ii)
Whether the individual may be issued a restricted license that is limited to driving a motor vehicle:
(1)
For the purpose of attending an alcohol education or alcoholic prevention or treatment program;
(2)
That is required in the course of employment;
(3)
For the purposes of driving to or from a place of employment if the individual’s employment would be adversely affected because the individual has no reasonable alternative means of transportation to or from the place of employment; or
(4)
For the purposes of driving to or from school or any other place of educational instruction if the individual’s education would be adversely affected because the individual has no reasonable alternative means of transportation for educational purposes.
(4)
Except as otherwise provided in this section, the Administration may suspend or revoke a license under this section only after a hearing under Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(5)
If the Administration determines that there is a likelihood of substantial and immediate danger and harm to the licensee or others if the license is continued pending a hearing, the Administration:
(i)
Immediately may suspend the license;
(ii)
Within 7 days of a request for a hearing, shall grant the licensee a hearing as provided in Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article; and
(iii)
After the hearing, render an immediate decision as to whether or not it should continue the suspension or revoke the license.
(e)
(1)
If a licensee fails to appear for a hearing after receiving the written notice under subsection (d)(1) of this section, the Administration may suspend the license until the licensee appears for a hearing.
(2)
A rescheduled hearing shall be held within 30 days of the date of the request.
(f)
In accordance with Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article, the Administration shall provide notice of a suspension under subsection (a)(5) of this section and the licensee may request a hearing.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-206.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–206.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Subject to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, on receipt of notice described under § 7-104(h) of the Criminal Law Article that an individual licensed in the State has been convicted of a violation under § 7-104 of the Criminal Law Article for a failure to pay for motor fuel after the motor fuel was dispensed into a vehicle, the Administration:
(1)
For a first violation, may suspend the individual’s license for up to 30 days; and
(2)
For a second or subsequent violation, shall suspend the individual’s license for 30 days.
(b)
Subject to the provisions of Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article, a licensee may request a hearing on a suspension under this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-207 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–207LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
The Administration may require a licensee to submit to reexamination, on at least 7 days’ written notice, if:
(i)
The licensee is involved in an accident resulting in the death of another; or
(ii)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, the Administration has good cause to believe that the licensee is unfit, unsafe, or otherwise not qualified to be licensed.
(2)
The Administration may not use the age of the licensee as grounds for reexamination.
(b)
After reexamination, the Administration, as appropriate, may:
(1)
Suspend or revoke the licensee’s driver’s license under § 16-206 of this subtitle; however, the Administration may not suspend or revoke a licensee’s driver’s license if the suspension or revocation is based on any records or evidence by a person alleging that the licensee is an unsafe or unfit driver, unless the person has been identified to the licensee and the licensee is given an opportunity to cross-examine that person at a hearing;
(2)
Permit the licensee to retain the license; or
(3)
Issue a new license subject to any restrictions permitted by this title.
(c)
The Administration may suspend or revoke the driver’s license of any licensee who refuses or neglects to submit to a reexamination under this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-208 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–208LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, §§ 16–205(d–1) and 16–206(a)(4), (b), and (c) of this subtitle, § 16–404(c)(2) and (3) of this title, and § 3–8A–23 of the Courts and Judicial Proceedings Article, the Administration may not suspend a license or privilege to drive for a period of more than 1 year.
(2)
After notice and hearing, the Administration may suspend for an indefinite period the license or privilege of any individual who cannot drive safely because of his physical or mental condition.
(3)
This subsection does not apply to or affect the suspension of any license:
(i)
For failure to comply with the required security provisions of Title 17 of this article;
(ii)
For failure to appear at a hearing as provided in Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article;
(iii)
For failure to obey a citation, as provided in Title 26 of this article;
(iv)
For failure to pay a fine in accordance with the court’s directive as provided in Title 27 of this article; or
(v)
For failure to pay child support, as provided in § 16–203 of this subtitle.
(b)
(1)
Any individual whose license or privilege to drive has been revoked may apply for reinstatement of the individual’s license or privilege as provided in this subsection.
(2)
(i)
If it is the individual’s first revocation, the individual may file a reinstatement application at any time after the day the revoked license is surrendered to and received by the Administration or, in the case of an individual who does not have a license issued under this title, after the effective date of the revocation.
(ii)
Except as provided in paragraph (7) of this subsection, on receipt of the application, the Administration may reinstate the license or privilege 6 months after the revoked license is received by the Administration or, in the case of an individual who does not have a license issued under this title, 6 months after the effective date of revocation.
(3)
(i)
If it is the individual’s second revocation, the individual may file a reinstatement application at any time after 1 year from the day the revoked license is surrendered to and received by the Administration or, in the case of an individual who does not have a license issued under this title, after 1 year from the effective date of revocation.
(ii)
Except as provided in paragraph (7) of this subsection, on receipt of the application, the Administration may reinstate the license or privilege.
(4)
(i)
If it is the individual’s third revocation, the individual may file a reinstatement application at any time after 18 months from the day the revoked license is surrendered to and received by the Administration or, in the case of an individual who does not have a license issued under this title, after 18 months from the effective date of revocation.
(ii)
Except as provided in paragraph (7) of this subsection, on receipt of the application, the Administration may reinstate the license or privilege.
(5)
(i)
If it is the individual’s fourth or subsequent revocation, the individual may file a reinstatement application at any time after 2 years from the day the revoked license is surrendered to and received by the Administration or, in the case of an individual who does not have a license issued under this title, after 2 years from the effective date of revocation.
(ii)
Except as provided in paragraph (7) of this subsection, on receipt of the application, the Administration may reinstate the license or privilege.
(6)
(i)
Except as provided in subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, if the individual’s license is revoked under § 16–205(b) of this subtitle, the individual may file a reinstatement application at any time after 5 years from the day the revoked license is surrendered to and received by the Administration or, in the case of an individual who does not have a license issued under this title, after 5 years from the effective date of revocation.
(ii)
The individual may file a reinstatement application at any time after 2 years from the day the revoked license is surrendered to and received by the Administration or, in the case of an individual who does not have a license issued under this title, after 2 years from the effective date of revocation if the Administration finds that:
(1)
Not allowing the individual to file a reinstatement application will cause undue hardship; or
(2)
Extenuating circumstances exist justifying the filing of a reinstatement application.
(iii)
Except as provided in paragraph (7) of this subsection, on receipt of the application, the Administration may reinstate the license or privilege.
(7)
(i)
The Administration may not reinstate a license or privilege to drive under this subsection if the license or privilege has been refused, revoked, suspended, or canceled under any other provision of the Maryland Vehicle Law.
(ii)
(1)
In this subparagraph, “alcohol–related or drug–related driving incident” means a:
(A)
Conviction or probation before judgment for a violation of § 21–902(a), (b), (c), or (d) of this article or a substantially similar law of another jurisdiction;
(B)
Refusal to submit to a test under § 16–205.1 of this subtitle or a substantially similar law of another jurisdiction; or
(C)
Test result that indicates an alcohol concentration of 0.10 or more at the time of testing under § 16–205.1 of this subtitle or a substantially similar law of another jurisdiction.
(2)
Alcohol–related or drug–related driving incidents committed at the same time or arising out of the same circumstances may not be considered separate alcohol–related or drug–related driving incidents for the purpose of this subparagraph.
(3)
Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) through (6) of this subsection, the Administration may reinstate a license or privilege to drive only if, after an investigation of an individual’s habits and driving ability, the Administration is satisfied it will be safe to reinstate the license or privilege of an individual who has been:
(A)
Involved in any combination of three or more separate alcohol–related or drug–related driving incidents;
(B)
Involved in a vehicular accident resulting in the death of another person; or
(C)
Convicted of a violation for failing to stop after a vehicular accident resulting in bodily injury or death.
(8)
Except as otherwise provided in this title, before issuing a new license, the Administration shall require the applicant to submit to the examinations that it considers appropriate.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-208.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–208.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In addition to any suspensions or revocations of an individual’s license or privilege to drive provided for in this title, if the individual holds a Class A, B, or C license issued under § 16–815 of this title or is operating a commercial motor vehicle, the Administration shall disqualify the individual from operating a commercial motor vehicle if the convictions resulted from an offense or offenses that occurred in this State or any other state that would subject the individual to disqualification under § 16–812 of this title.
(b)
Any disqualification imposed under subsection (a) of this section shall be for the period of time provided in § 16–812 of this title.
(c)
If an individual has been disqualified from operating a commercial motor vehicle pursuant to subsection (a) of this section, but that individual is otherwise eligible for a license or privilege to operate vehicles other than commercial motor vehicles, the Administration may issue a noncommercial driver’s license to that individual.
(d)
The Administration may not issue a commercial driver’s license to an individual until the disqualification imposed under subsection (a) of this section has expired.
(e)
Notwithstanding any law to the contrary, if an individual has been disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle under the provisions of § 16–812(i) of this title, that individual may not drive a commercial motor vehicle as defined in § 16–812(i) until the period of disqualification is completed and the individual is issued a commercial driver’s license by the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-209 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–209LinkCopy Citation
(a)
On filing an application for a new license or for reinstatement of the privilege to drive, any individual whose license or privilege to drive has been revoked shall pay to the Administration a fee established by the Administration.
(b)
If the applicant’s license was revoked as a result of a conviction under § 21–902 of this article or a violation of an alcohol restriction, the applicant shall pay a fee established by the Administration in addition to the amount charged under subsection (a) of this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-210 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–210LinkCopy Citation
(a)
On canceling, suspending, or revoking a driver’s license, the Administration shall require that the license be surrendered to the Administration.
(b)
At the end of a suspension period, the Administration shall issue a driver’s license to the licensee.
(c)
When the Administration suspends or revokes a Maryland driver’s license or issues a restricted license, the suspension, revocation, or restriction is effective at the time the decision is rendered, unless otherwise ordered by the Administration.
(d)
Credit for the term of the suspension, revocation, or period of restriction shall begin only after the Administration has received:
(1)
The driver’s license issued to the licensee immediately prior to the decision to suspend, revoke, or restrict the license; or
(2)
A certification that:
(i)
A Maryland driver’s license is not in the possession of the licensee; and
(ii)
If the Maryland driver’s license comes into the licensee’s possession, the licensee shall immediately surrender the license to the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-211 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–211LinkCopy Citation
(a)
An individual whose license or privilege to drive has been refused under this title may not drive a motor vehicle in this State after the refusal under any license or permit issued by any other jurisdiction or otherwise, until a new license or privilege is obtained under this title.
(b)
An individual whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended under this title may not drive a motor vehicle in this State during the suspension under any license or permit issued by any other jurisdiction or otherwise, until a new license or privilege is obtained under this title.
(c)
An individual whose license or privilege to drive has been revoked under this title may not drive a motor vehicle in this State after the revocation under any license or permit issued by any other jurisdiction or otherwise, until a new license or privilege is obtained under this title.
(d)
An individual whose license or privilege to drive has been refused under this title may not drive a motor vehicle in this State after the refusal under any registration certificate issued by any other jurisdiction or otherwise, until a new license or privilege is obtained under this title.
(e)
An individual whose license or privilege to drive has been suspended under this title may not drive a motor vehicle in this State during the suspension under any registration certificate issued by any other jurisdiction or otherwise, until a new license or privilege is obtained under this title.
(f)
An individual whose license or privilege to drive has been revoked under this title may not drive a motor vehicle in this State after the revocation under any registration certificate issued by any other jurisdiction or otherwise, until a new license or privilege is obtained under this title.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-212 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–212LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration may conduct:
(1)
A driver improvement program, including a driver improvement program designed specifically for young drivers; and
(2)
An alcohol education program.
(b)
(1)
The purpose of the programs authorized under this section is to provide driver rehabilitation.
(2)
The Administration shall determine the content of the programs.
(c)
If an individual is convicted of one or more moving violations:
(1)
Notwithstanding item (2) of this subsection, after a hearing as provided in Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article, as a condition of reinstatement of a driver’s license, the Administration may require an individual to attend a driver improvement program or alcohol education program; or
(2)
A court may require an individual to attend a driver improvement program or alcohol education program.
(d)
In carrying out an order of the court, a probation officer or health department officer may assign an individual to attend a driver improvement program or alcohol education program.
(e)
(1)
An individual who attends a program under this section shall pay, in advance, a fee as provided in this subsection.
(2)
The Administration shall set a reasonable fee based on the costs of operating the programs authorized by this section.
(3)
The funds collected by the Administration under this subsection may not be credited to the Gasoline and Motor Vehicle Revenue Account for distribution under § 8–403 or § 8–404 of this article.
(f)
(1)
The Administration may waive attendance at an alcohol education program conducted by the Administration if an individual attends a private alcohol education program or an alcohol education program provided by a political subdivision of the State that is approved by the Behavioral Health Administration and the Administration.
(2)
The Administration may waive attendance at a driver improvement program conducted by the Administration if an individual attends a private driver improvement program or a driver improvement program provided by a political subdivision of the State that is approved by the Administration.
(3)
The Administration shall establish criteria for approving private providers of alcohol education or driver improvement programs provided by a political subdivision of the State.
(4)
Upon application for approval to provide the programs allowed under this section, a private provider shall pay an application fee established by the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-212.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–212.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration, in cooperation with the Behavioral Health Administration, shall establish the 3–hour Roadway Safety Driving Education Program to educate driver’s license applicants who are subject to the provisions of § 16–105(f)(3) of this title. This program also shall be included as part of the driver education course established under Subtitle 5 of this title.
(b)
The 3–hour Roadway Safety Driving Education Program shall provide instruction on:
(1)
Understanding signs, signals, and pavement markings;
(2)
Dangerous driving behaviors;
(3)
Work zone safety;
(4)
The hazards of driving while impaired or intoxicated;
(5)
The criminal penalties and administrative sanctions for alcohol– and drug–related motor vehicle violations;
(6)
The medical, biological, and psychological effects of the consumption of alcohol and drugs and their impact on the operation of a motor vehicle;
(7)
The Maryland driving record and points systems; and
(8)
Any other roadway safety–related information that the Administration determines would be beneficial to applicants for a driver’s license.
(c)
The Administration shall adopt regulations establishing criteria for certifying a private entity to offer the 3–hour Roadway Safety Education Program established under this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-213 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 2. Cancellation, Refusal, Suspension, or Revocation
§ 16–213LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)
“Education and employment only restriction” means a restriction that allows a licensed driver to drive only:
(i)
To or from a school class or an official school activity; or
(ii)
To or from, or in the course of, the licensee’s employment.
(3)
“Offense” means a moving violation committed by an individual who:
(i)
Held a provisional license under § 16–111 of this title on the date the violation was committed;
(ii)
Was convicted of, or granted a probation before judgment under § 6–220 of the Criminal Procedure Article for, the violation; and
(iii)
Was not eligible for a license under § 16–111.1 of this title at the time of the violation.
(b)
Except as provided in § 16–205(d–1) or § 16–206(b) of this subtitle, the sanctions under this section are in addition to any other penalty or sanctions that might apply as a result of a moving violation.
(c)
The Administration:
(1)
For a first offense, shall require the offender to attend a driver improvement program under § 16–212 of this subtitle;
(2)
For a second offense:
(i)
For an adult, may suspend the offender’s license for up to 30 days; and
(ii)
For an individual under the age of 18 years, may:
(1)
Suspend the offender’s license for up to 30 days; and
(2)
Impose, on completion of the suspension, an education and employment only restriction on the offender’s license effective for 90 days;
(3)
For a third offense:
(i)
For an adult, may suspend the offender’s license for up to 180 days; and
(ii)
For an individual under the age of 18 years, may:
(1)
Suspend the offender’s license for up to 180 days;
(2)
Require the offender to attend a driver improvement program designed for young drivers under § 16–212 of this subtitle; and
(3)
Impose, on completion of the suspension, an education and employment only restriction on the offender’s license effective for 180 days; and
(4)
For a fourth or subsequent offense:
(i)
For an adult, may suspend or revoke the offender’s license for up to 180 days; and
(ii)
For an individual under the age of 18 years, may:
(1)
Revoke the offender’s license for not less than 180 days; and
(2)
Require the offender, in addition to applying for reinstatement as required under § 16–208(b) of this subtitle, to pass the examinations required under § 16–110 of this title.
Subtitle 3. Violation of License Provisions
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-301 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 3. Violation of License Provisions
§ 16–301LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A person may not knowingly or fraudulently obtain or attempt to obtain a license to drive or a moped operator’s permit by misrepresentation.
(b)
A person may not in any application for a license to drive or a moped operator’s permit:
(1)
Use a false or fictitious name;
(2)
Knowingly make a false statement;
(3)
Knowingly conceal a material fact;
(4)
Use a false, fictitious, or fraudulently altered document; or
(5)
Otherwise commit a fraud.
(c)
A person may not display or cause or permit to be displayed any canceled license.
(d)
A person may not display or cause or permit to be displayed any revoked license.
(e)
A person may not display or cause or permit to be displayed any suspended license.
(f)
A person may not display or cause or permit to be displayed any fictitious license.
(g)
A person may not display or cause or permit to be displayed any fraudulently altered license.
(h)
A person may not possess any canceled license.
(i)
A person may not possess any revoked license.
(j)
A person may not possess any suspended license.
(k)
A person may not possess any fictitious license.
(l)
A person may not possess any fraudulently altered license.
(m)
A person may not lend his license to any other person or knowingly permit the use of his license by another.
(n)
A person may not display or represent as his own any license not issued to him.
(o)
A person may not fail or refuse to surrender to the Administration on its lawful demand any license that has been suspended, revoked, or canceled.
(p)
A person may not permit any unlawful use of a license issued to him.
(q)
A person may not engage in any fraudulent or dishonest conduct in the examination or testing process for the issuance or renewal of a driver’s license or moped operator’s permit, including for the driver skills examination, the driver knowledge test, or any required vision or medical examinations.
(r)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3) of this subsection, a person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 2 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both.
(2)
A person convicted of a violation of subsection (a) or (b) of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 3 years or a fine not exceeding $2,500 or both.
(3)
A person convicted of a violation of subsection (c), (d), (e), (h), (i), or (j) of this section is subject to a fine not exceeding $500.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-302 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 3. Violation of License Provisions
§ 16–302LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A person may not duplicate or reproduce the following:
(1)
Any identification card issued under this title by the Administration; or
(2)
A driver’s license issued under this title.
(b)
A person may not produce a facsimile of an identification card issued by the Administration or a driver’s license unless the facsimile is:
(1)
In black and white; or
(2)
Less than one-half or more than twice the size of the identification card issued by the Administration or driver’s license.
(c)
The Administration may apply to a circuit court of this State for an injunction, as provided by the Maryland Rules, to restrain a person from violating or continuing to violate any provision of this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-303 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 3. Violation of License Provisions
§ 16–303LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license or privilege to drive is refused in this State or any other state.
(b)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license or privilege to drive is canceled in this State.
(c)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license or privilege to drive is suspended in this State.
(d)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license or privilege to drive is revoked in this State.
(e)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license issued by any other state is canceled.
(f)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license issued by any other state is suspended.
(g)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license issued by any other state is revoked.
(h)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license or privilege to drive is suspended under § 16–203, § 16–206(a)(2) for failure to attend a driver improvement program, § 17–106, § 26–204, § 26–206, or § 27–103 of this article.
(i)
(1)
This subsection applies only to a person whose license or privilege to drive is suspended under the traffic laws or regulations of another state for:
(i)
Failure to comply with a notice to appear in a court of that state contained in a traffic citation issued to the person; or
(ii)
Failure to pay a fine for a violation of any traffic laws or regulations of that state.
(2)
A person may not drive a motor vehicle on any highway or on any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article while the person’s license or privilege to drive is suspended under the traffic laws or regulations of any other state as described in paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(j)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, any individual who violates a provision of this section shall be assessed the points as provided for in § 16–402(a)(35) of this title.
(2)
Any individual who violates a provision of subsection (h) or (i) of this section shall be assessed the points as provided for in § 16–402(a)(14) of this title.
(k)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, a person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to:
(i)
For a first offense, imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both; and
(ii)
For a second or subsequent offense committed within 3 years of the prior conviction, imprisonment not exceeding 2 years or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both.
(2)
(i)
A person charged with a violation of subsection (h) or (i) of this section:
(1)
Must appear in court; and
(2)
May not prepay the fine.
(ii)
A person convicted of a violation of subsection (h) or (i) of this section is subject to a fine not exceeding $500.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-303.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 3. Violation of License Provisions
§ 16–303.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this section, “police department” has the meaning stated in § 25–201 of this article.
(b)
(1)
For the purpose of impounding or immobilizing a vehicle under this section, the police department may use its own personnel, equipment, and facilities or, subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection and except as provided in § 25–115 of this article, use other persons, equipment, and facilities for immobilizing vehicles or removing, preserving, and storing impounded vehicles.
(2)
A police department may not authorize the use of a tow truck under paragraph (1) of this subsection unless the tow truck is registered under § 13–920 of this article.
(c)
(1)
As a sentence, a part of a sentence, or a condition of probation, a court may order, for not more than 180 days, the impoundment or immobilization of a solely owned vehicle used in the commission of a violation of § 16–303(c) or (d) of this subtitle if, at the time of the violation:
(i)
The owner of the vehicle was driving the vehicle; and
(ii)
The owner’s license was suspended or revoked under § 16–205 of this title.
(2)
Among the factors that a court may consider before ordering an impoundment or immobilization of a vehicle is whether the vehicle is the primary means of transportation available for the use of the individual’s immediate family.
(3)
(i)
Subject to subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, a court may not order impoundment or immobilization of a vehicle under this section if the registered owner of the vehicle made a bona fide sale, gift, or other transfer of the vehicle to another person before the date of the finding of a violation of § 16–303(c) or (d) of this subtitle.
(ii)
The registered owner of the vehicle has the burden of proving that a bona fide sale, gift, or other transfer of the vehicle has occurred.
(d)
(1)
The registered owner of a vehicle impounded or immobilized under this section is responsible for all actual costs incurred as a result of the immobilization of the vehicle or the towing, preserving, and storing of the impounded vehicle.
(2)
The court may require the registered owner of a vehicle impounded or immobilized under this section to post a bond or other adequate security equal to the actual costs of immobilizing the vehicle or towing, preserving, and storing the vehicle and providing the notices required under subsection (f) of this section.
(3)
Subject to this section, a police department that impounds a vehicle by taking the vehicle into custody or immobilizes a vehicle under this section promptly shall return possession or use of the vehicle to the registered owner of the vehicle on payment of all actual costs of immobilizing the vehicle or towing, preserving, and storing the impounded vehicle and providing the notices required under subsection (f) of this section.
(e)
If a court orders the impoundment or immobilization of a vehicle under this section, the court shall provide for the execution of the impoundment or immobilization by a police department.
(f)
(1)
If a court orders the impoundment or immobilization of a vehicle under this section, the police department that executes the immobilization or the impoundment by taking the vehicle into custody, shall, as soon as reasonably possible and within 7 days after the police department executes the court order, send a notice by certified mail, return receipt requested, bearing a postmark from the United States Postal Service, to:
(i)
Each registered owner of the vehicle as shown in the records of the Administration; and
(ii)
Each secured party, as shown in the records of the Administration.
(2)
The notice shall:
(i)
State that the vehicle has been immobilized or impounded by being taken into custody;
(ii)
Describe the year, make, model, and vehicle identification number of the vehicle;
(iii)
Provide the location where the vehicle is immobilized or the location of the facility where the vehicle is impounded;
(iv)
Include the amount of the actual costs of immobilization or towing, preservation, and storage of an impounded vehicle;
(v)
Include the amount of the actual costs of the notices required under this subsection; and
(vi)
Provide that, if an impounded vehicle is not reclaimed within 10 days after the date specified in a court order under this section, the impounded vehicle will be considered an abandoned vehicle and subject to Title 25, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(3)
If an impounded vehicle is not reclaimed within 10 days after the date specified in a court order under this section, the vehicle shall be considered an abandoned vehicle subject to Title 25, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(g)
(1)
This section may not be construed to prohibit a lienholder from exercising its rights under applicable law, including the right to sell a vehicle that has been impounded or immobilized under this section, in the event of a default in the obligation giving rise to the lien.
(2)
(i)
A lienholder that exercises the right to sell a vehicle that has been impounded or immobilized under this section shall notify, in writing, the police department with custody of the vehicle of the lienholder’s intention to sell the vehicle.
(ii)
The notice shall be accompanied by a copy of each document giving rise to the lien and shall include an affidavit under oath by the lienholder that the underlying obligation is in default and the reasons for the default.
(iii)
On request of the lienholder and on payment of all costs required under this section, the vehicle shall be released to the lienholder.
(3)
Except as provided in paragraph (4) of this subsection, the rights and duties provided by law to the lienholder for the sale of collateral securing an obligation in default shall govern the repossession and sale of the vehicle.
(4)
(i)
The lienholder may not be required to take possession of the vehicle before a sale of the vehicle.
(ii)
The proceeds of any sale shall be applied first to the actual costs of immobilization or towing, preservation, and storage of an impounded vehicle and the actual costs of the notices required under subsection (f) of this section, then as provided by law for distribution of proceeds of a sale by the lienholder.
(5)
(i)
If the interest of the owner in the vehicle is redeemed, the lienholder shall, within 10 days after the redemption, mail a notice of the redemption to the police department that impounded or immobilized the vehicle.
(ii)
If the vehicle has been repossessed or otherwise lawfully taken by the lienholder and the time specified by a court order under this section has not expired, the lienholder shall return the vehicle within 21 days after the redemption to the police department that impounded or immobilized the vehicle.
(h)
This section does not affect the requirements of Title 25, Subtitle 2 of this article regarding abandoned vehicles.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-304 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 3. Violation of License Provisions
§ 16–304LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A person may not cause his child or ward under the age of 15 to drive a motor vehicle on any highway:
(1)
If the minor is not authorized by this title to drive; or
(2)
Otherwise in violation of any of the provisions of this title.
(b)
A person may not knowingly permit the person’s child or ward under the age of 15 to drive a motor vehicle on any highway:
(1)
If the minor is not authorized by this title to drive; or
(2)
Otherwise in violation of any of the provisions of this title.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-305 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 3. Violation of License Provisions
§ 16–305LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A person may not knowingly permit a motor vehicle owned by him to be driven on any highway by any person:
(1)
If the person is not authorized by this title to drive; or
(2)
Otherwise in violation of any of the provisions of this title.
(b)
A person may not knowingly permit a motor vehicle under the person’s control to be driven on any highway by any person:
(1)
If the person is not authorized by this title to drive; or
(2)
Otherwise in violation of any of the provisions of this title.
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-401 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–401LinkCopy Citation
In addition to any other provisions of the Maryland Vehicle Law, the Administration shall maintain a point system for the refusal, suspension, or revocation of drivers’ licenses issued under this title.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-402 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–402LinkCopy Citation
(a)
After the conviction of an individual for a violation of Title 2, Subtitle 5, § 2–209, § 3–211, or § 10–110 of the Criminal Law Article, or of the vehicle laws or regulations of this State or of any local authority, points shall be assessed against the individual as of the date of violation and as follows:
(1)
Any moving violation not listed below and not contributing to an accident…………………………………………………………………………………...1 point
(2)
Following another vehicle too closely 2 points
(3)
Speeding in excess of the posted speed limit by 10 miles per hour or more…………………………………………………………………………………..2 points
(4)
Driving with an improper class of license 2 points
(5)
Failing to stop for a school vehicle with activated alternately flashing red lights……………………………………………………………………...3 points
(6)
Any violation of § 21–1111 of this article 2 points
(7)
Passing an emergency or police vehicle under the provisions of § 21–405(d) of this article 2 points
(8)
A violation of § 21–511(a) of this article 2 points
(9)
Failure to stop a vehicle for a steady red traffic signal in violation of § 21–202 of this article or a nonfunctioning traffic control signal in violation of § 21–209 of this article 2 points
(10)
Operating a limousine in violation of § 21–1127(a) of this article…………………………………………………………………………………….2 points
(11)
Use of a motor vehicle in violation of the Illegal Dumping and Litter Control Law under § 10–110(f)(2)(i) of the Criminal Law Article 2 points
(12)
Use of a motor vehicle in violation of the Illegal Dumping and Litter Control Law under § 10–110(f)(2)(ii) of the Criminal Law Article 2 points
(13)
Negligent driving ……………………………………….........2 points
(14)
Any moving violation contributing to an accident…………3 points
(15)
Any violation of § 16–303(h) or (i) of this title 3 points
(16)
Any violation, except violations committed on the John F. Kennedy Memorial Highway, of § 21–1411 of this article 3 points
(17)
A violation of § 16–301(c), (d), (e), (h), (i), or (j) of this title ………………………………………………………………………...….…...........3 points
(18)
Driving while not licensed 5 points
(19)
Failure to report an accident 5 points
(20)
Driving on a learner’s permit unaccompanied 5 points
(21)
Any violation of § 17–107 of this article 5 points
(22)
Any violation of § 16–304 or § 16–305 of this title 5 points
(23)
Any violation of § 22–404.5 of this article 5 points
(24)
Speeding in excess of a posted speed limit of 65 miles per hour by 20 miles per hour or more 5 points
(25)
Aggressive driving in violation of § 21–901.2 of this article…………………………………………………………………………………….5 points
(26)
Use of a motor vehicle in violation of the Illegal Dumping and Litter Control Law under § 10–110(f)(2)(iii) of the Criminal Law Article……..5 points
(27)
Reckless driving 6 points
(28)
Speeding in excess of the posted speed limit by 30 miles per hour or more..……………..…..……………..….……………..…...……………..…..……..6 points
(29)
Driving while impaired by alcohol or while impaired by a drug, combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol, or driving within 12 hours after arrest under § 21–902.1 of this article……………… …8 points
(30)
Turning off lights of a vehicle to avoid identification……………………………………………………………………………8 points
(31)
Failing to stop after accident resulting in damage to attended vehicle or property……………………………………………………………………..8 points
(32)
Failing to stop after accident resulting in damage to unattended vehicle or property……………………………………………………………………..8 points
(33)
Any violation of § 16–815 or § 16–816 of this title…………8 points
(34)
Except as provided in item (45) of this subsection, participating in a race or speed contest on a highway...............................................................8 points
(35)
Except as provided in item (46) of this subsection, engaging in exhibition driving on a highway...........................................................................8 points
(36)
Failing to stop after an accident resulting in bodily injury or death................................................................................................................... 12 points
(37)
Any violation of § 16–303 of this title, excluding § 16–303(h) or (i)……………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 points
(38)
Any violation of § 16–301(a), (b), (f), (g), or (k) through (q), § 16–302, § 16–804, or § 16–808(a)(1) through (9) or (b) of this title………….. 12 points
(39)
Homicide, life threatening injury under § 3–211 of the Criminal Law Article, or assault committed by means of a vehicle 12 points
(40)
Driving while under the influence of alcohol, while under the influence of alcohol per se, or while impaired by an illegally used controlled dangerous substance……………………………………………………………………………… 12 points
(41)
Any felony involving use of a vehicle 12 points
(42)
Fleeing or attempting to elude a police officer 12 points
(43)
The making of a false affidavit or statement under oath, or falsely certifying to the truth of any fact or information to the Administration under the Maryland Vehicle Law or under any law relating to the ownership or operation of motor vehicles…………………………………………………………………………12 points
(44)
Any violation involving an unlawful taking or unauthorized use of a motor vehicle under § 7–105 or § 7–203 of the Criminal Law Article, or § 14–102 of this article…………………………………………………………………………..12 points
(45)
A violation of § 21–1124.3 of this article 12 points
(46)
Participating in a race or speed contest on a highway resulting in serious bodily injury, as defined in § 20–102(c) of this article, to another person..................................................................................................................12 points
(47)
Engaging in exhibition driving on a highway resulting in serious bodily injury, as defined in § 20–102(c) of this article, to another person..................................................................................................................12 points
(48)
A violation of § 21–902(h) of this article 12 points
(49)
A violation of § 21–908(i) of this article 12 points
(b)
If a conviction occurs on multiple charges based on offenses alleged to have been committed at the same time or arising out of circumstances simultaneous in time and place, the Administration:
(1)
Shall assess points against the individual convicted only on the charge that has the highest point assessment; and
(2)
May not assess points on the remainder of the multiple charges.
(c)
(1)
On receiving a record of conviction of any moving violation by an individual whose license is currently revoked, the Administration may extend the date before which the individual is eligible for reinstatement and, if the date is extended, shall issue to the individual a notice that:
(i)
States the duration of the extension of the license revocation, dating from the date of the violation, during which the individual’s license may not be reinstated; and
(ii)
Advises the individual of the right to request a hearing.
(2)
A notice issued under this subsection, and a hearing requested by the individual, shall meet the requirements of Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(3)
The Administration may extend the period of a license revocation under this subsection for not more than the period of time specified in paragraph (4) of this subsection:
(i)
If the individual does not request a hearing as provided by Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article;
(ii)
After a hearing, if the individual is determined to have been convicted of a violation described in this subsection while the individual’s license to drive was revoked; or
(iii)
If the individual fails to appear for a hearing requested by the individual under this subsection.
(4)
The Administration may extend the period of license revocation for not more than:
(i)
1 year if it is the individual’s first violation;
(ii)
18 months if it is the individual’s second violation; or
(iii)
2 years if it is the individual’s third or subsequent violation.
(d)
Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, the Administration may not revoke a license that is currently revoked.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-402.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–402.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
When the Administration receives a notice of conviction from a party state to the Driver License Compact under Subtitle 7 of this title, the Administration may not assess points against an individual, except upon receipt of reports of the following convictions:
(1)
Manslaughter or negligent homicide resulting from the operation of a motor vehicle;
(2)
Driving a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or a narcotic drug, while intoxicated per se, or while under the influence of any other drug to a degree that renders the driver incapable of safely driving a motor vehicle;
(3)
Any felony in the commission of which a motor vehicle is used; or
(4)
Failure to stop and render aid in the event of a motor vehicle accident resulting in the death or personal injury of another.
(b)
Points assessed pursuant to subsection (a) of this section shall be assessed as if the licensee were convicted of the offense under the Maryland Vehicle Law.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-403 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–403LinkCopy Citation
On the arrest of any individual in military service for a violation, if the case is turned over to military authorities, the Administration shall assess points immediately after it has been notified that the military authorities have taken disciplinary action as a result of the arrest.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-404 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–404LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall take the following actions for points accumulated within any 2–year period:
(1)
Send a warning letter to each individual who accumulates 3 points;
(2)
Require attendance at a driver improvement program conducted under § 16–212 of this title by each individual who accumulates 5 points, except that a Class A, B, or C licensee who submits evidence acceptable to the Administration that he is a professional driver may not be called in until he accumulates 8 points; and
(3)
Except as provided in § 16–405 of this subtitle:
(i)
Suspend the license of each individual who accumulates 8 points; and
(ii)
Revoke the license of each individual who accumulates 12 points.
(b)
(1)
Except as provided in § 16–405 of this subtitle:
(i)
If an individual accumulates 8 points, the Administration shall issue a notice of suspension; and
(ii)
If an individual accumulates 12 points, the Administration shall issue a notice of revocation.
(2)
Each notice shall:
(i)
Be personally served or sent by certified mail, bearing a postmark from the United States Postal Service;
(ii)
State the duration of the suspension or revocation; and
(iii)
Advise the individual of his right, within 10 days after the notice is sent (Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays excepted), to file a written request for a hearing before the Administrator.
(3)
Unless a hearing is requested, each notice of suspension or revocation is effective at the end of the 10–day period after the notice is sent.
(c)
(1)
Except as provided in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of this subsection:
(i)
An initial suspension may not be for less than 2 days nor more than 30 days; and
(ii)
Any subsequent suspension may not be for less than 15 days nor more than 90 days.
(2)
Subject to the provisions of paragraph (3) of this subsection, the following suspension periods may apply to a suspension for an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(29) of this subtitle for a violation of § 21–902(b) or (c) of this article or a suspension imposed under § 16–404.1(f)(1)(iii) of this subtitle:
(i)
For a first conviction, not more than 6 months;
(ii)
For a second conviction at least 5 years after the date of the first conviction, not more than 9 months;
(iii)
For a second conviction less than 5 years after the date of the first conviction or for a third conviction, not more than 12 months; and
(iv)
For a fourth or subsequent conviction, not more than 24 months.
(3)
The Administration may issue a restrictive license for the period of the suspension to an individual who participates in the Administration’s Ignition Interlock System Program under § 16–404.1 of this subtitle.
(4)
The Administration may issue a restrictive license for the period of the suspension and any additional time required under § 16–404.2 of this subtitle to an individual who participates in the Administration’s Intelligent Speed Assistance System Pilot Program.
(5)
This subsection does not limit the authority of the Administration to issue a restrictive license or modify a suspension imposed under this subsection.
(d)
(1)
If the holder of a provisional driver’s license who is under the age of 18 years accumulates 5 or more points in a 12–month period, the Administration shall suspend the individual’s driver’s license:
(i)
For a first offense, for 6 months; and
(ii)
For a second or subsequent offense, for 1 year.
(2)
An individual subject to a license suspension under this subsection may request a hearing as provided for a suspension or revocation under Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-404.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–404.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)
“Approved service provider” means a person who is certified by:
(i)
The Administration to service, install, monitor, calibrate, and provide information on ignition interlock systems; and
(ii)
A manufacturer to be qualified to service, install, monitor, calibrate, and provide information on ignition interlock systems.
(3)
“Manufacturer” means a person who manufactures ignition interlock systems and who certifies that approved service providers are qualified to service, install, monitor, calibrate, and provide information on ignition interlock systems.
(4)
“Participant” means a participant in the Ignition Interlock System Program.
(5)
“Program” means the Ignition Interlock System Program.
(b)
(1)
The Administration shall establish an Ignition Interlock System Program in accordance with this section.
(2)
The Administration shall establish a protocol for the Program by regulations that require certain minimum standards for all service providers who service, install, monitor, calibrate, and provide information on ignition interlock systems and include requirements that:
(i)
A service provider who applies to the Administration for certification as an approved service provider shall demonstrate that the service provider is able to competently service, install, monitor, calibrate, and provide information to the Administration at least every 30 days on individuals required to use ignition interlock systems;
(ii)
A service provider who applies to the Administration for certification as an approved service provider shall be certified by a signed affidavit from the manufacturer that the service provider has been trained by an authorized manufacturer and that the service provider is competent to service, install, monitor, calibrate, and provide information on ignition interlock systems;
(iii)
Approved service providers be deemed to be authorized representatives of a manufacturer; and
(iv)
Any service of notice upon an approved service provider, who has violated any laws or regulations or whose ignition interlock system has violated any laws or regulations, be deemed as service upon the manufacturer who certified the approved service provider.
(c)
An individual may be a participant if:
(1)
The individual’s license is suspended or revoked under § 16–205 of this title for a violation of § 21–902(c) of this article or § 16–404 of this subtitle for an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(29) of this subtitle for driving while impaired by a drug, a combination of drugs, or a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol;
(2)
The individual’s license has an alcohol restriction imposed under § 16–113(g)(1) of this title; or
(3)
The Administration modifies a suspension or issues a restricted license to the individual under § 16–205.1 of this title.
(d)
(1)
(i)
Notwithstanding subsection (c) of this section, an individual shall be a participant if:
(1)
The individual is convicted of, or is granted probation before judgment under § 6–220 of the Criminal Procedure Article for, a violation of § 21–902(a) or (b) of this article;
(2)
The individual’s license is suspended or revoked under § 16–205 of this title for a violation of § 21–902(b) of this article or under § 16–404 of this subtitle for an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(29) of this subtitle for driving while impaired by alcohol;
(3)
The individual’s license is suspended or revoked under § 16–205 of this title or § 16–402(a)(38) of this subtitle for a violation of § 21–902(a) of this article;
(4)
The individual’s license is revoked under § 16–205(b) of this title or suspended or revoked for an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(37) of this subtitle for:
(A)
Homicide by motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or alcohol per se, homicide by motor vehicle while impaired by alcohol, or homicide by motor vehicle while impaired by a combination of one or more drugs and alcohol; or
(B)
Life–threatening injury by motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or alcohol per se, life–threatening injury by motor vehicle while impaired by alcohol, or life–threatening injury by motor vehicle while impaired by one or more drugs and alcohol; or
(5)
The individual is required to be a participant by a court order under § 27–107.1 of this article.
(ii)
If an individual is subject to this paragraph and fails to participate in the Program or successfully complete the Program, the Administration shall suspend, notwithstanding § 16–208 of this title, the individual’s license until the individual successfully completes the Program.
(iii)
Nothing contained in this paragraph limits the authority of the Administration to modify a suspension imposed under this paragraph to allow an individual to be a participant in accordance with subsection (e) or (o) of this section.
(iv)
The Administration shall issue a restricted license to an individual who is required to participate in the Program under this section and who is otherwise eligible.
(2)
(i)
Notwithstanding subsection (c) of this section, an individual shall be a participant as a condition of modification of a suspension or revocation of a license or issuance of a restricted license if the individual:
(1)
Is required to be a participant by a court order under § 21–902.2 of this article;
(2)
Was under the age of 21 years on the date of a violation by the individual of § 21–902(c) of this article;
(3)
Violated an alcohol restriction imposed under this title.
(ii)
If an individual is subject to this paragraph and the individual fails to participate in the Program or does not successfully complete the Program, the Administration shall suspend the individual’s license for 1 year.
(iii)
Nothing contained in this paragraph limits the authority of the Administration to modify a suspension imposed under this paragraph to allow an individual to be a participant in accordance with subsection (e) or (o) of this section.
(iv)
The Administration shall issue a restricted license to an individual who is required to participate in the Program under this section and who is otherwise eligible.
(3)
Except as provided in § 16–205 of this title, an individual who is subject to this subsection shall participate in the Program for:
(i)
6 months the first time the individual is required under this subsection to participate in the Program;
(ii)
1 year the second time the individual is required under this subsection to participate in the Program; and
(iii)
3 years the third or any subsequent time the individual is required under this subsection to participate in the Program.
(4)
Paragraph (3) of this subsection does not limit a longer period of Program participation that is required by:
(i)
A court order under § 21–902.2 of this article; or
(ii)
The Administration in accordance with another provision of this title.
(e)
If an individual subject to subsection (c) or (d) of this section does not initially become a participant:
(1)
The individual may apply later to the Administration to be a participant; and
(2)
The Administration may reconsider any suspension or revocation of the driver’s license of the individual arising out of the same circumstances and allow the individual to participate in the Program.
(f)
(1)
The Administration may:
(i)
Modify a suspension and issue a restricted license to an individual who is a participant in the Program as provided under § 16–205 or § 16–205.1 of this title or § 16–404 of this subtitle;
(ii)
Reinstate the driver’s license of a participant whose license has been revoked:
(1)
For a violation of § 21–902(b) or (c) of this article;
(2)
For an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(29) of this subtitle for a violation of § 21–902(b) or (c) of this article; or
(3)
Under § 16–205.1(b) or (f) of this title; and
(iii)
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, impose on a participant a period of suspension in accordance with § 16–404(c)(2) and (3) of this subtitle in lieu of a license revocation:
(1)
For a violation of § 21–902(b) or (c) of this article;
(2)
For an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(29) of this subtitle for a violation of § 21–902(b) or (c) of this article; or
(3)
Under § 16–205.1(b) or (f) of this title.
(2)
Notwithstanding paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Administration shall:
(i)
Modify a suspension and issue a restricted license to an individual who is a participant in the Program as provided under § 16–205 or § 16–205.1 of this title or § 16–404 of this subtitle;
(ii)
Reinstate the driver’s license of a participant whose license has been revoked:
(1)
For a violation of § 21–902(a) of this article;
(2)
For an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(38) of this subtitle for a violation of § 21–902(a) of this article; or
(3)
Under § 16–205.1(b) or (f) of this title.
(iii)
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, impose on a participant a period of suspension in accordance with § 16–404(c)(2) and (3) of this subtitle in lieu of a license revocation:
(1)
For a violation of § 21–902(a) of this article;
(2)
For an accumulation of points under § 16–402(a)(38) of this subtitle for a violation of § 21–902(a) of this article; or
(3)
Under § 16–205.1(b) or (f) of this title.
(3)
A notice of suspension or revocation sent to an individual under this title shall include information about the Program and how individuals participate in the Program.
(4)
The Administration shall establish a fee for the Program that is sufficient to cover the costs of the Program.
(g)
Subject to § 21–902.2(g)(2) of this article, the Administration shall impose a restriction on the individual’s license that prohibits the individual from driving a motor vehicle that is not equipped with an ignition interlock system for the period of time that the individual is required to participate in the Program under this section.
(h)
A participant is considered to have begun participation in the Program on the day the ignition interlock system is installed in the participant’s vehicle.
(i)
An individual whose license is suspended under § 16–404(c)(2)(iv) of this subtitle is a habitual offender whose license may not be reinstated unless the individual participates in the Program for at least 24 months.
(j)
(1)
For purposes of an ignition interlock system used under § 16–205(f) of this title, this section, or a court order under § 21–902.2 of this article, the Administration shall permit only the use of an ignition interlock system that meets or exceeds the technical standards for breath alcohol ignition interlock devices published in the Federal Register from time to time.
(2)
For purposes of an ignition interlock system used under this section, the Administration shall require the Program protocol adopted by the Administration.
(k)
(1)
An individual required to use an ignition interlock system under a court order or this section:
(i)
Shall be monitored by the Administration; and
(ii)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, shall pay the fee required by the Administration under subsection (f)(3) of this section.
(2)
The Administration shall waive the fee required under this subsection for an individual who is indigent.
(l)
A court order that requires the use of an ignition interlock system is not affected by § 16–404(c)(3) of this subtitle.
(m)
(1)
If an individual participates in the Program under this section and participates in the Program in accordance with any other provision of law arising out of the same incident, the periods of participation in the Program shall be concurrent.
(2)
If an individual participates in the Program under § 16–205.1 of this title, the individual shall receive credit toward the length of participation in the Program arising out of the same incident as authorized under subsection (c) of this section or as required under subsection (d) of this section.
(n)
The Administration shall consider a participant to have successfully completed the Program if the Administration receives from the participant’s approved service provider a certification that in the 3 consecutive months before a participant’s date of release from the Program there was not:
(1)
An attempt to start the vehicle with a breath alcohol concentration of 0.04 or more unless a subsequent test performed within 10 minutes registered a breath alcohol concentration lower than 0.04;
(2)
A failure to take or pass a random test with a breath alcohol concentration of 0.025 or lower unless a subsequent test performed within 10 minutes registered a breath alcohol concentration lower than 0.025; or
(3)
A failure of the participant to appear at the approved service provider when required for maintenance, repair, calibration, monitoring, inspection, or replacement of the device causing the device to cease to function as required under this section.
(o)
If an individual successfully completes the Program and the individual’s license is not refused, revoked, suspended, or canceled under another provision of this article, the Administration shall immediately issue a license to the licensee.
(p)
(1)
Notwithstanding § 16–208 of this title, if the Administration removes an individual from the Program because the individual violated requirements of the Program, the Administration may allow the individual to reenter the Program after a period of 30 days from the date of removal.
(2)
If an individual reenters the Program under this subsection, the individual shall participate in the Program for the entire period of time that was initially necessary for successful completion of the Program without any credit for the period of participation before the individual was removed from the Program.
(3)
Nothing contained in paragraph (2) of this subsection limits a period of participation in the Program required under any other provision of this title or § 21–902.2 of this article.
(q)
A suspension or revocation of a license of an individual subject to subsection (c) or (d) of this section that is imposed as a result of the failure of the individual to participate in the Program or successfully complete the Program shall be concurrent with any other suspension or revocation arising out of the same incident for which the individual is subject to subsection (c) or (d) of this section.
(r)
(1)
If a person is required to be a participant under subsection (d) of this section, the Administration shall include in the notice of proposed suspension or revocation a warning in bold conspicuous type that the person shall participate in the Program.
(2)
At the time that the Administration issues a license to a person who is under the age of 21 years, the Administration shall provide to the person a written warning in bold conspicuous type that the person shall participate in the Program if the Administration finds the person violated the alcohol restriction on a driver under the age of 21 years or the person violated any provision of § 21–902 of this article.
(3)
A person may not raise the absence of the warning described under this subsection or the failure to receive that warning as a basis for limiting the authority of the Administration to require that the person participate in the Program in accordance with this section.
(s)
(1)
The Administration shall collect the following information about the individuals required to participate in the Program under subsections (c) and (d) of this section:
(i)
The number of individuals who were convicted of a violation of § 21–902 of this article;
(ii)
The number of individuals who were granted a probation before judgment under § 6–220 of the Criminal Procedure Article for a violation of § 21–902 of this article; and
(iii)
The number of individuals who were granted a probation before judgment under § 6–220 of the Criminal Procedure Article for a violation of § 21–902 of this article and were subsequently charged with or convicted of a further violation of § 21–902 of this article.
(2)
On or before December 1, 2028, and each December 1 thereafter, the Administration shall report the information collected under paragraph (1) of this subsection to the Governor and, in accordance with § 2–1257 of the State Government Article, the General Assembly.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-404.2 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–404.2LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
In this section the following words have the meanings indicated.
(2)
“Approved service provider” means a person who is certified by:
(i)
The Administration to service, install, monitor, tune, and provide information on intelligent speed assistance systems; and
(ii)
A manufacturer to be qualified to service, install, monitor, tune, and provide information on intelligent speed assistance systems.
(3)
“Intelligent speed assistance system” means an aftermarket device that determines the applicable speed limit and actively prevents a motor vehicle from exceeding the applicable speed limit.
(4)
“Manufacturer” means a person that manufactures or distributes intelligent speed assistance systems.
(5)
“Participant” means a participant in the Intelligent Speed Assistance System Pilot Program.
(6)
“Program” means the Intelligent Speed Assistance System Pilot Program.
(b)
(1)
On or before October 1, 2027, the Administration shall establish an Intelligent Speed Assistance System Pilot Program in accordance with this section.
(2)
(i)
The Administration shall establish a protocol for the Program through the adoption of regulations that require certain minimum standards for all service providers who service, install, monitor, tune, and provide information on intelligent speed assistance systems.
(ii)
The regulations shall require that:
(1)
A service provider who applies to the Administration for certification as an approved service provider demonstrate that the service provider is able to competently service, install, monitor, tune, and provide information to the Administration at least every 30 days on individuals required to use intelligent speed assistance systems;
(2)
A service provider who applies to the Administration for certification as an approved service provider be certified by a signed affidavit from the manufacturer that the service provider has been trained by an authorized manufacturer and that the service provider is competent to service, install, monitor, tune, and provide information on intelligent speed assistance systems;
(3)
Approved service providers be considered to be authorized representatives of the manufacturer; and
(4)
Any service of notice on an approved service provider be considered to be service of notice on the manufacturer who certified the approved service provider.
(c)
(1)
An individual shall be a participant if the individual has accumulated points in an amount that would result in suspension or revocation of the individual’s driver’s license under § 16–404 of this subtitle due to a combination of violations for exceeding the posted speed limit under Title 21, Subtitle 8 of this article, reckless driving under § 21–901.1(a)(3) of this article, or participating in a race or speed contest under § 21–1116 of this article.
(2)
An individual who participates in the Program shall be a participant for 1 year.
(3)
If an individual is subject to this subsection and fails to participate in the Program or successfully complete the Program, the Administration shall suspend, notwithstanding § 16–208 of this title, the individual’s driver’s license until the individual successfully completes the Program.
(d)
(1)
The Administration shall:
(i)
Modify a suspension and issue a restrictive driver’s license requiring the use of an intelligent speed assistance system for the duration of Program participation to a participant who is otherwise eligible for the license; and
(ii)
Reinstate the driver’s license, subject to a restriction requiring the use of an intelligent speed assistance system for the duration of Program participation, of a participant whose driver’s license has been revoked.
(2)
A notice of suspension or revocation of a driver’s license as described in subsection (c) of this section sent to an individual shall include information about the Program and how individuals may participate in the Program.
(3)
The Administration shall establish a fee for participation in the Program that is sufficient to cover the costs of the Program.
(e)
A participant may not operate a motor vehicle in violation of the requirements of the Program.
(f)
A participant is considered to have begun participation in the Program on the day the intelligent speed assistance system is installed in the participant’s motor vehicle.
(g)
(1)
An individual required to use an intelligent speed assistance system under this section:
(i)
Shall be monitored by the Administration; and
(ii)
Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this subsection, shall pay the fee required by the Administration under subsection (d)(3) of this section.
(2)
The Administration shall waive the fee required under this subsection for an individual who is indigent.
(h)
If an individual completes the Program and the individual’s license is not refused, revoked, suspended, or canceled under another provision of this article, the Administration shall reinstate the individual’s driver’s license or issue immediately a driver’s license to the individual, as appropriate.
(i)
(1)
If the Administration removes an individual from the Program because the individual violated a requirement of the Program, the Administration may allow the individual to reenter the Program after a period of 10 days from the date of removal.
(2)
If an individual reenters the Program under this subsection, the individual shall participate in the Program for 3 months in addition to the period of time that was necessary for successful completion of the Program at the time the individual was removed from the Program.
(j)
(1)
Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection, the Administration or a vendor contracted by the Administration may share data collected under this section only:
(i)
When required by court order;
(ii)
As required by State law;
(iii)
With the Department or a court with jurisdiction over a Program participant regarding a violation by the participant; or
(iv)
For research purposes, if the data is anonymized.
(2)
Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4) of this subsection, the Administration or a vendor contracted by the Administration may retain data collected under this section only to:
(i)
Confirm compliance with Program requirements; or
(ii)
Evaluate or improve the effectiveness of the Program.
(3)
The Administration or any vendor contracted by the Administration shall remove from its records and destroy any data collected under this section within 30 days after collecting the data.
(4)
Data collected under this section may not be sold for any purpose by the Administration or a vendor contracted by the Administration, including the sale of subscriptions or licenses to access data.
(k)
(1)
The Administration shall adopt regulations to carry out this section.
(2)
The regulations adopted under this subsection shall include requirements for a participant to operate a motor vehicle equipped with an intelligent speed assistance system in a safe manner, as determined by the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-405 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–405LinkCopy Citation
Except as provided in §§ 16–205(e) and 16–205.1 of this title, if the suspension or revocation of a license would affect adversely the employment or opportunity for employment of a licensee, the hearing officer may:
(1)
Decline to order the suspension or revocation; or
(2)
Modify the suspension or revocation.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-406 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–406LinkCopy Citation
If the driver of a motor vehicle is an employee of the vehicle’s owner, a violation may not be recorded, except for the Administration’s own use, against the driver for a violation of the vehicle laws on improper or faulty equipment or improper size, weight, or load.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-407 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 4. Refusal, Suspension, and Revocation Under Point System
§ 16–407LinkCopy Citation
A point assessed under this subtitle shall be retained for a period of 2 years from the date of violation.
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-501 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
§ 16–501LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.
(b)
“Driver education course” means a standardized course of instruction under a driver education program, adopted or approved by the Administration in consultation with the State Department of Education, intended to teach individuals to safely drive a noncommercial motor vehicle.
(c)
“Driver education instructor” means an individual who has completed required certification courses and is certified by the Administration to teach a driver education course, whether or not the individual is required to be licensed under Title 15, Subtitle 8 of this article.
(d)
“Driver education program” means the courses and learning activities designated by the Administration in consultation with the State Department of Education that an individual may be required to complete before obtaining a noncommercial driver’s license under this title.
(e)
“Driver education school” means a school approved by the Administration to conduct driver education courses in accordance with this subtitle.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-502 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
§ 16–502LinkCopy Citation
(a)
There is a driver education program, established as part of the highway safety program of this State.
(b)
The purpose of the driver education program is to provide a complete program of driver education to eligible individuals.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-503 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
§ 16–503LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Subject to the regulations adopted under § 16-505(b) of this subtitle on the required offering of the program:
(1)
The complete program shall be offered to all eligible individuals before they may obtain a provisional license under § 16-111 of this title; and
(2)
Any individual to whom the program initially is offered remains eligible to enroll in the program until the individual becomes eligible to qualify for a provisional license.
(b)
Once enrolled in the program, an individual is considered eligible until the individual completes the course.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-504 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
§ 16–504LinkCopy Citation
To qualify as a certified driver education instructor, an individual shall:
(1)
Meet the qualifications established by the Administration in consultation with the State Department of Education;
(2)
Successfully complete the Administration approved certification courses; and
(3)
Demonstrate a proficiency in teaching the adopted or approved driver education course.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-505 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
§ 16–505LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall, in consultation with the State Department of Education, adopt and enforce regulations not inconsistent with this subtitle to implement a standardized driver education program conducted by driver education schools under its jurisdiction.
(b)
Regulations adopted under this section shall be administered by the Administration and shall include:
(1)
Curriculum, equipment, and facility standards for classroom, laboratory, and on-road instruction phases;
(2)
Minimum student performance standards for an approved driver education program based upon the standardized curriculum approved by the Administration, consisting of at least 30 hours of classroom instruction and at least 6 hours of highway driving instruction;
(3)
Standards for the certification of schools and instructors;
(4)
A system to evaluate the effectiveness of the driver education program;
(5)
Standards governing the required offering of the driver education program, based on the capacity, enrollment, staff, and facilities of the schools; and
(6)
Standards for the eligibility of individuals to enroll in the program.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-506 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
§ 16–506LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration may suspend, revoke, or refuse to grant or renew certification under the driver education program of any drivers’ school or of any classroom or laboratory instructor of a drivers’ school, if it finds that the school or instructor has:
(1)
Failed to comply with any of the provisions of or any rule or regulation adopted under:
(i)
This subtitle;
(ii)
Title 15, Subtitle 7 of this article, as to drivers’ schools; or
(iii)
Title 15, Subtitle 8 of this article, as to driving instructors; or
(2)
Been convicted of a crime of moral turpitude.
(b)
(1)
If the Administration refuses to grant or renew a certification under this subtitle, the applicant may request a hearing under Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(2)
Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section, the Administration may suspend or revoke a certification under this subtitle only after a hearing under Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article.
(c)
If the Administration determines that there is a danger of immediate, substantial, and continuing harm to the public if the certification is continued pending a hearing, the Administration shall:
(1)
Immediately suspend the certification;
(2)
Within 7 days of a request for a hearing, grant a hearing as provided in Title 12, Subtitle 2 of this article; and
(3)
After a hearing, render an immediate decision as to whether the Administration shall continue the suspension or revoke or reinstate the certification.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-507 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 5. Driver Education Program
§ 16–507LinkCopy Citation
This subtitle may be cited as the Maryland Driver Education Program Act.
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-601 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
§ 16–601LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.
(b)
“Mobile training center” means a mobile unit equipped and managed by the Administration that may be available for the offering of motorcycle safety courses and for conducting public awareness activities at various locations in the State.
(c)
“Motorcycle safety courses” and “courses” mean courses of instruction, designated and approved by the Administration and offered by a training center, in the safe use and operation of motorcycles operated under a Class M driver’s license, including instruction in the safe on–road operation of motorcycles, the rules of the road, and the laws of this State relating to motor vehicles.
(d)
“Motorcycle safety training center” and “training center” mean places designated and approved by the Administration where approved motorcycle safety courses are offered.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-601.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
§ 16–601.1LinkCopy Citation
It is the intent of the General Assembly that the Administration:
(1)
Promote motorcycle safety;
(2)
Provide access to motorcycle safety courses; and
(3)
Maintain a staff that is sufficient for the implementation and administration of the Motorcycle Safety Program established under this subtitle.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-602 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
§ 16–602LinkCopy Citation
(a)
There is a Motorcycle Safety Program as a part of the Highway Safety Program of this State.
(b)
The purpose of the Motorcycle Safety Program is to improve the safety of motorcyclists through programs of cyclist training to improve rider skills and to generally provide for a public awareness effort that will benefit all highway users.
(c)
The Program shall be funded as provided in the State budget.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-603 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
§ 16–603LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Department and the Administration shall administer the Motorcycle Safety Program.
(b)
The Administration, a State or community college, a State university, an agency of a political subdivision, or any other person approved and designated by the Administration may organize and manage a motorcycle safety training center and may offer motorcycle safety courses at those centers that it operates.
(c)
The Administration may operate a mobile training center to provide courses at various locations in the State.
(d)
(1)
Subject to the regulations adopted under this subtitle, any resident of this State who possesses a valid Class E or Class M driver’s license, a Class E or Class M learner’s instructional permit, or is eligible for a Class M learner’s instructional permit, may enroll in a course.
(2)
A nonresident may apply for and be accepted for enrollment in courses authorized under this subtitle; however, the reimbursement provided under § 16–605(b) of this subtitle may not be made for a nonresident trainee.
(3)
An eligible individual may take a course more than one time, but the reimbursement provided in § 16–605(b) of this subtitle may only be paid one time for any individual.
(4)
For a course that is to be reimbursed under this subtitle, a training center may charge a trainee a reasonable course registration fee.
(5)
For a course offered at a training center operated by the Administration, the Administration may collect a reasonable course registration fee established by the Administration.
(e)
The courses may be offered throughout the calendar year.
(f)
The successful completion of the Administration approved basic motorcycle safety course shall be considered the equivalent of passing the skills and knowledge test required under §§ 16–105 and 16–110 of this title for obtaining a Class M driver’s license.
(g)
(1)
The Department shall provide a program coordinator to organize and administer all tasks related to the achievement of the purpose of the Motorcycle Safety Program as provided under this subtitle.
(2)
The program coordinator shall be experienced in the motorcycle safety field and shall possess those qualifications as may be specified by the Secretary.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-604 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
§ 16–604LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall adopt and enforce regulations consistent with this subtitle to implement the motorcycle safety courses in training centers throughout the State.
(b)
Regulations adopted under this section shall include, but not be limited to:
(1)
Curriculum, equipment, and facility standards for both classroom and laboratory phases;
(2)
Minimum student performance standards for successful completion of the courses;
(3)
Standards for the certification of training centers, classroom instructors, and laboratory instructors;
(4)
Guidelines for payment of the State reimbursement to training centers;
(5)
Standards for determining the eligibility of individuals to enroll in the courses; and
(6)
Guidelines for the provision of funds, equipment, and materials by the Administration to the training centers.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-605 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
§ 16–605LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
The Administration may award contracts out of the appropriation to the Department for the Motorcycle Safety Program to qualifying motorcycle safety training centers for the conduct of approved motorcycle safety courses. These contracts may provide funding, equipment, and materials to establish and maintain the training centers.
(2)
The Administration may award contracts in accordance with Division II of the State Finance and Procurement Article out of the appropriation to the Department for the Motorcycle Safety Program for the procurement of services and products to be used to achieve the purpose of the Motorcycle Safety Program.
(b)
(1)
From the funds appropriated for the Motorcycle Safety Program, the Department shall fund the costs incurred in the implementation and operation of activities under this subtitle, including administrative costs. The Administration may reimburse a motorcycle safety training center at a rate established by the Administration for each eligible person completing the course. The reimbursement rate may be in addition to the assistance provided under subsection (a) of this section.
(2)
The funds provided under this section shall be in addition to any other State aid.
(3)
The Administration may not contract for the provision of any services under this program the aggregate costs of which exceed the funds appropriated for the Motorcycle Safety Program.
(4)
The Administration shall recover the full costs of operating the Program from any miscellaneous fees as defined in § 12-120(a) of this article.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-606 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 6. Motorcycle Safety Program
§ 16–606LinkCopy Citation
This subtitle may be cited as the Motorcycle Safety Program Act.
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-701 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–701LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.
(b)
“Article” means an article of the Driver License Compact.
(c)
“Compact” means the Driver License Compact.
(d)
“Executive head”, with reference to this State, means the Governor.
(e)
“Licensing authority”, with reference to this State, means the Administration.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-702 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–702LinkCopy Citation
The Driver License Compact is enacted into law and entered into with other jurisdictions that join in the Compact in the form substantially as the Compact appears in § 16-703 of this subtitle.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-703 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–703LinkCopy Citation
Article I
Findings and Declaration of Policy
(a)
The party states find that:
(1)
The safety of their streets and highways is materially affected by the degree of compliance with state laws and local ordinances relating to the operation of motor vehicles.
(2)
Violation of such a law or ordinance is evidence that the violator engages in conduct which is likely to endanger the safety of persons and property.
(3)
The continuance in force of a license to drive is predicated upon compliance with laws and ordinances relating to the operation of motor vehicles, in whichever jurisdiction the vehicle is operated.
(b)
It is the policy of each of the party states to:
(1)
Promote compliance with the laws, ordinances, and administrative rules and regulations relating to the operation of motor vehicles by their operators in each of the jurisdictions where such operators drive motor vehicles.
(2)
Make the reciprocal recognition of licenses to drive and eligibility therefor more just and equitable by considering the overall compliance with motor vehicle laws, ordinances and administrative rules and regulations as a condition precedent to the continuance or issuance of any license by reason of which the licensee is authorized or permitted to operate a motor vehicle in any of the party states.
Article II
Definitions
As used in this Compact:
(a)
“State” means a state, territory or possession of the United States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
(b)
“Home state” means the state which has issued and has the power to suspend or revoke the use of the license or permit to operate a motor vehicle.
(c)
“Conviction” means a conviction of any offense related to the use or operation of a motor vehicle which is prohibited by state law, municipal ordinance or administrative rule or regulation, or a forfeiture of bail, bond or other security deposited to secure appearance by a person charged with having committed any such offense, and which conviction or forfeiture is required to be reported to the licensing authority.
Article III
Reports of Conviction
The licensing authority of a party state shall report each conviction of a person from another party state occurring within its jurisdiction to the licensing authority of the home state of the licensee. Such report shall clearly identify the person convicted; describe the violation specifying the section of the statute, code or ordinance violated; identify the court in which action was taken; indicate whether a plea of guilty or not guilty was entered, or the conviction was a result of the forfeiture of bail, bond or other security; and shall include any special findings made in connection therewith.
Article IV
Effect of Conviction
(a)
The licensing authority in the home state, for the purposes of suspension, revocation or limitation of the license to operate a motor vehicle, shall give the same effect to the conduct reported, pursuant to Article III of this Compact, as it would if such conduct had occurred in the home state, in the case of convictions for:
(1)
Manslaughter or negligent homicide resulting from the operation of a motor vehicle;
(2)
Driving a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or a narcotic drug, or under the influence of any other drug to a degree which renders the driver incapable of safely driving a motor vehicle;
(3)
Any felony in the commission of which a motor vehicle is used;
(4)
Failure to stop and render aid in the event of a motor vehicle accident resulting in the death or personal injury of another.
(b)
As to any other convictions, reported pursuant to Article III, the licensing authority in the home state shall record the conviction on the individual’s driving record, but may not assess points for the conviction.
(c)
If the laws of a party state do not provide for offenses or violations denominated or described in precisely the words employed in subdivision (a) of this article, such party state shall construe the denominations and descriptions appearing in subdivision (a) hereof as being applicable to and identifying those offenses or violations of a substantially similar nature, and the laws of such party state shall contain such provisions as may be necessary to ensure that full force and effect is given to this article.
Article V
Applications for New Licenses
Upon application for a license to drive, the licensing authority in a party state shall ascertain whether the applicant has ever held, or is the holder of a license to drive issued by any other party state. The licensing authority in the state where application is made shall not issue a license to drive to the applicant if:
(1)
The applicant has held such a license, but the same has been suspended by reason, in whole or in part, of a violation and if such suspension period has not terminated.
(2)
The applicant has held such a license, but the same has been revoked by reason, in whole or in part, of a violation and if such revocation has not terminated, except that after the expiration of 1 year from the date the license was revoked, such person may make application for a new license if permitted by law. The licensing authority may refuse to issue a license to any such applicant if, after investigation, the licensing authority determines that it will not be safe to grant to such person the privilege of driving a motor vehicle on the public highways.
(3)
The applicant is the holder of a license to drive issued by another party state and currently in force unless the applicant surrenders such license.
Article VI
Applicability of Other Laws
Except as expressly required by provisions of this Compact, nothing contained herein shall be construed to affect the right of any party state to apply any of its other laws relating to licenses to drive to any person or circumstance, nor to invalidate or prevent any driver license agreement or other cooperative arrangement between a party state and a nonparty state.
Article VII
Compact Administrator and Interchange of Information
(a)
The head of the licensing authority of each party state shall be the administrator of this Compact for his state. The administrators, acting jointly, shall have the power to formulate all necessary and proper procedures for the exchange of information under this Compact.
(b)
The Administrator of each party state shall furnish to the Administrator of each other party state any information or documents reasonably necessary to facilitate the administration of this Compact.
Article VIII
Entry into Force and Withdrawal
(a)
This Compact shall enter into force and become effective as to any state when it has enacted the same into law.
(b)
Any party state may withdraw from this Compact by enacting a statute repealing the same, but no such withdrawal shall take effect until 6 months after the executive head of the withdrawing state has given notice of the withdrawal to the executive heads of all other party states. No withdrawal shall affect the validity or applicability by the licensing authorities of states remaining party to the Compact of any report of conviction occurring prior to the withdrawal.
Article IX
Construction and Severability
This Compact shall be liberally construed so as to effectuate the purposes thereof. The provisions of this Compact shall be severable and if any phrase, clause, sentence or provision of this Compact is declared to be contrary to the constitution of any party state or of the United States or the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this Compact and the applicability thereof to any government, agency, person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. If this Compact shall be held contrary to the constitution of any state party thereto, the Compact shall remain in full force and effect as to the remaining states and in full force and effect as to the state affected as to all severable matters.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-704 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–704LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Motor Vehicle Administrator is the Compact Administrator in this State.
(b)
(1)
The Motor Vehicle Administrator may designate an alternate from among the officers and employees of the Administration to serve in the Motor Vehicle Administrator’s place as the Compact Administrator.
(2)
Subject to the provisions of the Compact, the Motor Vehicle Administrator shall determine the authority and responsibilities of the alternate.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-705 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–705LinkCopy Citation
The Administration shall furnish to the appropriate authorities of other party states information or documents reasonably necessary to facilitate the administration of Articles III, IV, and V of the Compact.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-706 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–706LinkCopy Citation
The Compact Administrator described in Article VII of the Compact may not be entitled to additional compensation for service as the Administrator, but shall be entitled to reimbursement for expenses incurred in connection with the Administrator’s duties and responsibilities as Administrator, in the same manner as for expenses incurred in connection with other duties or responsibilities of the Administrator’s office or employment.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-707 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–707LinkCopy Citation
(a)
For the purposes of Article IV(a) and (c) of the Compact, the Administration shall:
(1)
Give the same effect to a conviction described in Article IV(a)(1) of the Compact as the Administration would for a conviction under Title 2, Subtitle 5 or § 2-209 of the Criminal Law Article;
(2)
Give the same effect to a conviction described in Article IV(a)(2) of the Compact as the Administration would for a conviction under § 21-902(a), § 21-902(b), § 21-902(c), or § 21-902(d) of this article;
(3)
Give the same effect of a conviction described in Article IV(a)(3) of the Compact as the Administration would for a conviction for a felony involving use of a vehicle in this State; and
(4)
Give the same effect to a conviction described in Article IV(a)(4) of the Compact as the Administration would for a conviction under § 20-102 or § 20-104 of this article.
(b)
For the purposes of Article IV(b) of the Compact, the Administration shall give the same effect to a conviction in another state reported under Article III of the Compact, other than a conviction described under Article IV(a) of the Compact, as the Administration would for an identical or substantially similar conviction under the Maryland Vehicle Law.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-708 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 7. Driver License Compact
§ 16–708LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Subject to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, an act or omission of an official or employee of this State done or omitted under, or in enforcement of, the provisions of the Compact shall be subject to judicial review under the provisions of Title 10, Subtitle 2 (Administrative Procedure Act) of the State Government Article.
(b)
Judicial review of the validity of a conviction in another state reported under Article III of the Compact shall be limited to establishing the identity of the individual who was convicted in another state.
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-801 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–801LinkCopy Citation
This subtitle may be cited as the Maryland Commercial Driver’s License Act.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-802 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–802LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The purpose of this subtitle is to implement the federal Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 (Title XII of Public Law 99-570) and reduce or prevent heavy and commercial motor vehicle accidents, fatalities, and injuries by:
(1)
Disqualifying drivers for certain criminal offenses and serious traffic violations; and
(2)
Strengthening licensing and testing standards.
(b)
This subtitle is a remedial law and shall be liberally construed to promote the public health, safety, and welfare.
(c)
To the extent that this subtitle conflicts with other subtitles of this title, this subtitle prevails.
(d)
Where this subtitle is silent, the provisions of the Maryland Vehicle Law apply.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-803 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–803LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.
(b)
“Commerce” means:
(1)
Trade, traffic, and transportation within the jurisdiction of the United States between a place in a state and a place outside of the state, including a place outside the United States; and
(2)
Trade, traffic, and transportation in the United States which affects any trade, traffic, and transportation within the jurisdiction of the United States between a place in a state and a place outside of the state, including a place outside the United States.
(c)
(1)
“Commercial motor vehicle (CMV)” means a motor vehicle or combination of motor vehicles used to transport passengers or property, if the motor vehicle:
(i)
Has a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds inclusive of a towed unit with a gross vehicle weight rating of more than 10,000 pounds;
(ii)
Has a gross vehicle weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds;
(iii)
Is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver; or
(iv)
Is of any size and is used in the transportation of materials found to be hazardous for the purposes of the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act and which requires the motor vehicle to be placarded under hazardous materials regulations (49 C.F.R. Part 172, Subpart F).
(2)
“Commercial motor vehicle (CMV)” does not include a vehicle that is:
(i)
(1)
Controlled and operated by a farmer;
(2)
Used to transport agricultural products, farm machinery, or farm supplies to or from a farm;
(3)
Not used in the operations of a common or contract motor carrier; and
(4)
Used within 150 miles of the person’s farm;
(ii)
An emergency vehicle:
(1)
Equipped with audible and visual signals; and
(2)
Operated by a member of or a person in the employ of a volunteer or paid fire or rescue organization;
(iii)
A vehicle owned or operated by the United States Department of Defense if it is controlled and operated by:
(1)
Any active duty military personnel;
(2)
Any member of the military reserves or National Guard on active duty, including personnel on full–time National Guard duty and personnel on part–time training; or
(3)
Any National Guard military technician; or
(iv)
A motor vehicle designed and constructed primarily to provide temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, or travel use.
(d)
“Conviction” means a final unvacated adjudication of guilt, or a determination that an individual has violated or failed to comply with the law in a court of original jurisdiction or by an authorized administrative tribunal, an unvacated forfeiture of bail or collateral deposited to secure the person’s appearance in court, a plea of guilty or nolo contendere accepted by the court, the payment of a fine or court cost, a probation before judgment finding, or violation of a condition of release without bail, regardless of whether or not the penalty is rebated, suspended, or probated.
(e)
“Employer” means any individual, including the United States, a state, or a political subdivision of a state, who owns or leases a commercial motor vehicle or assigns drivers to operate such a vehicle. An individual who employs himself as a commercial motor vehicle driver is considered to be both an employer and a driver for the purposes of this subtitle.
(f)
“Endorsement” means an authorization to an individual’s commercial driver’s license required to permit the individual to operate certain types of commercial motor vehicles.
(g)
“Gross combination weight rating (GCWR)” means:
(1)
The value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a combination or articulated vehicle; or
(2)
In the absence of a value specified by the manufacturer, GCWR shall be determined by adding the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of the power unit and the total weight of the towed unit and its load.
(h)
“Gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR)” means the value specified by the manufacturer as the loaded weight of a single vehicle.
(i)
“Hazardous materials” means any material that has been designated as hazardous under 49 U.S.C. § 5103 and is required to be placarded under Subpart F of 49 C.F.R. Part 172 or any quantity of a material listed as a select agent or toxin in 42 C.F.R. Part 73.
(j)
(1)
“Serious traffic violation” means:
(i)
Excessive speeding, as defined by the United States Secretary of Transportation by regulation;
(ii)
Reckless driving;
(iii)
A violation of any state or local law relating to operating a motor vehicle, other than a parking violation, arising in connection with an accident or collision resulting in death to any individual;
(iv)
Driving a commercial motor vehicle without obtaining a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license;
(v)
Driving a commercial motor vehicle without a commercial instructional permit or a commercial driver’s license in the driver’s possession;
(vi)
Driving a commercial motor vehicle without the proper class of commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license;
(vii)
Driving a commercial motor vehicle without the proper endorsements for the commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license; or
(viii)
Any other violation of a state or local law which the United States Secretary of Transportation determines by regulation to be serious.
(2)
“Serious traffic violation” does not include vehicle weight and vehicle defect violations.
(k)
(1)
“Tank vehicle” means any commercial motor vehicle that is designed to transport any liquid or gaseous material within a tank that is either permanently or temporarily attached to the vehicle or chassis.
(2)
Tank vehicles include cargo tanks and portable tanks.
(3)
Tank vehicle does not include portable tanks having a rated capacity under 1,000 gallons.
(l)
“United States” means the 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-804 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–804LinkCopy Citation
An individual who drives a commercial motor vehicle may not have more than 1 driver’s license.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-805 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–805LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
Any driver of a commercial motor vehicle holding a driver’s license issued by this State, who is convicted of violating any federal law, State law, or local ordinance relating to operating a motor vehicle in any other state, other than parking violations, shall notify the Administration in the manner specified by the Administration within 30 days of the date of conviction.
(2)
Any driver of a commercial motor vehicle holding a commercial driver’s license issued by this State, who is convicted of violating any federal law, State law, or local ordinance relating to operating a motor vehicle in this or any other state, other than parking violations, shall notify the driver’s employer in writing of the conviction within 30 days of the date of conviction.
(b)
Any driver of a commercial motor vehicle whose driver’s license is suspended, revoked, or canceled by any state, or who is disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle for any period, shall notify the driver’s employer of the suspension, revocation, cancellation, or disqualification before the end of the business day following the day that the driver received notice of that fact.
(c)
Any individual who applies for employment as a driver of a commercial motor vehicle shall provide the employer, at the time of the application, with the following information for the 10 years preceding the date of application:
(1)
A list of the names and addresses of the applicant’s previous employers for which the applicant was a driver of a commercial motor vehicle;
(2)
The dates the applicant was employed by each employer; and
(3)
The reason for leaving that employment.
(d)
An applicant for employment as a driver of a commercial motor vehicle shall certify that all information furnished on the application is true and complete.
(e)
Unless otherwise prohibited by law, an employer may require an applicant to provide information in addition to that required by subsection (c) of this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-806 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–806LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Each employer shall require the information specified in § 16–805(c) of this subtitle to be provided by the applicant.
(b)
An employer may not knowingly allow, require, permit, or authorize a driver to drive a commercial motor vehicle in the United States:
(1)
During any period in which the driver has a driver’s license suspended, revoked, or canceled by a state or has lost the privilege to operate a commercial motor vehicle in a state;
(2)
During any period in which the driver has been disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle;
(3)
During any period in which the driver has more than 1 driver’s license;
(4)
During any period in which the driver, the motor vehicle he or she is driving, or the motor carrier operation, is subject to an out–of–service order; or
(5)
In violation of any of the provisions of §§ 21–701 through 21–704 of this article pertaining to railroad crossings or any other federal, state, or local law or regulation substantially similar to a provision of §§ 21–701 through 21–704 of this article, pertaining to railroad grade crossings.
(c)
(1)
This subsection applies only to an employer that:
(i)
Is regulated by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration;
(ii)
Operates a physical place of business in the State; and
(iii)
Employs more than one driver in the State.
(2)
On a bona fide offer of employment, an employer shall provide a prospective employee driver with its U.S. Department Of Transportation number and the website address for the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration’s Safety and Fitness Records (SAFER) System.
(d)
An employer that is convicted of violating subsection (b)(4) or (5) of this section is subject to the civil penalties specified in regulation by the United States Secretary of Transportation.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-807 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–807LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
Except when driving under a commercial driver’s instructional permit and accompanied by the holder of a driver’s license valid for the class of vehicle being driven, an individual may not drive a commercial motor vehicle unless the individual:
(i)
Has been issued a commercial driver’s license that:
(1)
Is valid for the class of vehicle being operated; and
(2)
Has the proper endorsements for the specific vehicle or vehicle combination being operated or for the passengers or type of cargo being transported; and
(ii)
Is in immediate possession of a driver’s license valid for the class of vehicle being driven.
(2)
It shall be a valid defense to a charge of violating paragraph (1)(ii) of this subsection for the driver to provide a certified record either from the Administration or from the licensing authority of the driver’s home state showing that the driver held a valid commercial driver’s license on the date of the violation.
(b)
(1)
Except as provided in § 16–807.1 of this subtitle, an individual may not be issued a commercial driver’s license until the individual has passed the knowledge and skill tests for driving a commercial motor vehicle which complies with the minimum federal standards established by the federal Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986 (Title XII of Public Law 99–570), and has satisfied all other requirements of that act as well as any other requirements of this title.
(2)
The tests shall be prescribed and conducted at the direction of the Administration.
(3)
The Administration shall adopt regulations to waive the skill test required under paragraph (1) of this subsection in a manner consistent with 49 C.F.R. § 383.77.
(c)
A commercial driver’s license may be issued only to:
(1)
An individual who drives or will drive a commercial motor vehicle and who is a resident of this State; and
(2)
Those nonresidents who may qualify under § 16–817 of this subtitle.
(d)
A commercial driver’s license may not be issued to an individual:
(1)
While the individual is disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle;
(2)
While the individual’s driver’s license is suspended, revoked, or canceled in this State or any other state; or
(3)
While the individual holds a commercial driver’s license or driver’s license issued by any other jurisdiction, unless the individual surrenders that license for return to the issuing jurisdiction for cancellation.
(e)
(1)
A commercial driver’s instructional permit may be issued for the class of commercial driver’s license applied for only to an individual who has passed the appropriate knowledge and vision screening tests.
(2)
The holder of a commercial driver’s instructional permit may drive a commercial motor vehicle on a highway only when the individual is accompanied by and under the immediate supervision of the holder of a driver’s license valid for the type of vehicle driven, if the accompanying driver:
(i)
Is at least 21 years old; and
(ii)
Has been licensed for at least 3 years in this State or in another state to drive vehicles of the class then being driven.
(f)
Except as provided in § 16–101 of this title, a person convicted of a violation of subsection (a) of this section is subject to:
(1)
For a first offense, imprisonment not exceeding 2 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both;
(2)
For a second offense, imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both; and
(3)
For a third or subsequent offense, imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $2,000 or both.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-807.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–807.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall establish a program to assist veterans and members of the military who are transitioning out of military service to obtain a commercial driver’s license.
(b)
As part of the program, the Administration shall:
(1)
Waive the skills test required under § 16–807(b) of this subtitle for program participants who meet eligibility criteria established by the Administration, consistent with federal law; and
(2)
Coordinate and consult with military bases throughout the State, community colleges that offer commercial driver’s license training courses, the Maryland Motor Truck Association, Inc., and any other party that the Administration determines is appropriate to explore the feasibility of providing a commercial driver’s license training course on military bases in the State.
(c)
The Administration may adopt regulations to implement the provisions of this section.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-807.2 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–807.2LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A commercial driver’s license training school shall include as part of its curriculum education and training on the recognition, prevention, and effective reporting of human trafficking.
(b)
The Administration shall:
(1)
Include as part of its Commercial Driver’s License Manual content on the recognition, prevention, and effective reporting of human trafficking; and
(2)
Provide to an applicant renewing a commercial driver’s license information from the Manual on the recognition, prevention, and effective reporting of human trafficking.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-808 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–808LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A person may not drive a commercial motor vehicle on any highway or any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article:
(1)
Unless authorized to do so under this title;
(2)
While the person’s driver’s license or privilege to drive is refused in this State or any other state;
(3)
While the person’s driver’s license or privilege to drive is canceled in this State;
(4)
While the person’s driver’s license or privilege to drive is canceled by any other state;
(5)
While the person’s driver’s license or privilege to drive is suspended in this State;
(6)
While the person’s driver’s license or privilege to drive is suspended by any other state;
(7)
While the person’s driver’s license or privilege to drive is revoked in this State;
(8)
While the person’s driver’s license or privilege to drive is revoked by any other state; or
(9)
While the person is:
(i)
Disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle in this State or any other state; or
(ii)
Disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle by the United States Department of Transportation.
(b)
While a person is subject to a driver or vehicle out–of–service order, as defined in § 16–812(i)(1)(ii) of this subtitle, the person may not drive a commercial motor vehicle on any highway or any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article:
(1)
While transporting nonhazardous materials;
(2)
While transporting hazardous materials required to be placarded; or
(3)
While operating a vehicle designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver.
(c)
If a person has been issued a valid commercial driver’s license, the person may not drive a commercial motor vehicle on any highway or any property specified in § 21–101.1 of this article without the valid commercial driver’s license in the person’s possession.
(d)
(1)
A person convicted of a violation of subsection (a) of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.
(2)
A person convicted of a violation of subsection (c) of this section is subject to:
(i)
For a first offense, imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both;
(ii)
For a second offense, imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $2,000 or both; and
(iii)
For a third or subsequent offense, imprisonment not exceeding 2 years or a fine not exceeding $3,000 or both.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-809 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–809LinkCopy Citation
A person may drive a commercial motor vehicle if:
(1)
The person holds a valid commercial driver’s license issued by any:
(i)
State in accordance with the minimum federal standards for the issuance of a commercial driver’s license; or
(ii)
Foreign jurisdiction that the United States Department of Transportation has determined issues commercial drivers’ licenses in accordance with the minimum federal standards;
(2)
The person’s driver’s license is not refused, suspended, revoked, or canceled;
(3)
The person is not disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle in any state;
(4)
The person is not disqualified from driving a commercial vehicle by the United States Department of Transportation;
(5)
The person is not subject to an out-of-service order as defined in § 16-812(i)(1)(ii) of this subtitle;
(6)
The person has the commercial driver’s license in the person’s possession; and
(7)
The person’s commercial driver’s license is valid for the type of vehicle being driven, as determined by regulation established by the United States Department of Transportation.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-810 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–810LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Each application for a commercial driver’s license or commercial driver’s instructional permit shall be made on the form the Administration requires.
(b)
In addition to the information specified by § 16-106 of this title, each application shall contain:
(1)
The applicant’s Social Security number;
(2)
A consent to release a complete driving record to any employer or prospective employer;
(3)
Certifications and information required by federal regulation; and
(4)
Any other pertinent information that the Administration requires.
(c)
Under penalty of perjury, the applicant shall sign the application and certify that the statements made are true and correct to the best of his knowledge, information, and belief.
(d)
When a licensee changes the licensee’s name, mailing address, or residence, an application for a corrected license shall be submitted to the Administration within 30 days.
(e)
Within 30 days after establishing a residence in this State, the holder of a commercial driver’s license shall apply for a commercial driver’s license in this State.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-811 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–811LinkCopy Citation
(a)
An applicant is entitled to receive the commercial driver’s license applied for if the applicant:
(1)
Passes the examination required by this subtitle;
(2)
Is eligible to drive pursuant to the Commercial Driver’s License Information System and the National Driver Register;
(3)
Surrenders any previously issued commercial driver’s instructional permit or license; and
(4)
Pays the fees prescribed by this subtitle.
(b)
(1)
Each commercial driver’s license issued by the Administration shall be identified clearly as to its specific class. A Class M license may be issued in combination with any other class of license.
(2)
The Administration shall assign an identifying number to each license it issues.
(c)
Each commercial driver’s license issued by the Administration shall:
(1)
Be marked “commercial driver’s license” or “CDL”; and
(2)
Include the following information:
(i)
The licensee’s:
(1)
Full name and current mailing address;
(2)
Physical description including sex, height, and weight;
(3)
Color photograph or photo-image;
(ii)
The date of issuance;
(iii)
The date of expiration; and
(iv)
Any other information required by the Code of Federal Regulations or the Administration.
(d)
Before issuing a commercial driver’s license, the Administration shall obtain driving record information from the National Driver Register and any state in which the individual has been licensed.
(e)
Within 10 days after issuing a commercial driver’s license, the Administration shall notify the Commercial Driver’s License Information System of that fact, providing all information required to ensure the identification of the licensee.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-812 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–812LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall disqualify any individual from driving a commercial motor vehicle for a period of 1 year if:
(1)
The individual is convicted of committing any of the following offenses while driving a commercial motor vehicle:
(i)
A violation of § 21–902 of this article;
(ii)
A violation of a federal law or any other state’s law which is substantially similar in nature to the provisions in § 21–902 of this article;
(iii)
Leaving the scene of an accident which requires disqualification as provided by the United States Secretary of Transportation;
(iv)
A crime, other than a crime described in subsection (e) of this section, that is punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year;
(v)
A violation of § 25–112 of this article; or
(vi)
A violation of § 2–209, § 2–503, § 2–504, § 2–505, or § 2–506 of the Criminal Law Article;
(2)
The individual holds a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license and is convicted of committing any of the following offenses while driving a noncommercial motor vehicle:
(i)
A violation of § 21–902(a), (c), or (d) of this article;
(ii)
A violation of a federal law or any other state’s law which is substantially similar in nature to the provisions in § 21–902(a), (c), or (d) of this article;
(iii)
Leaving the scene of an accident which requires disqualification as provided by the United States Secretary of Transportation; or
(iv)
A crime, other than a crime described in subsection (e) of this section, that is punishable by imprisonment for a term exceeding 1 year;
(3)
The individual, while driving a commercial motor vehicle or while holding a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, refuses to undergo testing as provided in § 16–205.1 of this title or as is required by any other state’s law or by federal law in the enforcement of 49 C.F.R. § 383.51 Table 1, or 49 C.F.R. § 392.5(a)(2);
(4)
The individual drives or attempts to drive a commercial motor vehicle while the alcohol concentration of the person’s blood or breath is 0.04 or greater;
(5)
The individual, while holding a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, drives or attempts to drive any motor vehicle while the alcohol concentration of the person’s blood or breath is 0.08 or greater; or
(6)
The individual drives a commercial motor vehicle when, as a result of prior violations committed while driving a commercial motor vehicle, the driver’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license is revoked, suspended, or canceled or the driver is disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle.
(b)
If any of the offenses in subsection (a) of this section occurred while transporting a hazardous material required to be placarded, the Administration shall disqualify the individual for a period of 3 years.
(c)
The Administration shall disqualify any person from driving a commercial motor vehicle for life for 2 or more violations of any of the offenses specified in subsection (a) or (b) of this section, or any combination of those offenses, arising from 2 or more separate incidents.
(d)
The Administration shall adopt regulations establishing guidelines, including conditions, under which a disqualification for life may be reduced to a period of time which may be permitted by federal regulations.
(e)
The Administration shall disqualify any person from driving a commercial motor vehicle for life who is convicted of using a motor vehicle in the commission of any felony involving the manufacture, distribution, or dispensing of a controlled dangerous substance, or possession with intent to manufacture, distribute, or dispense a controlled dangerous substance.
(f)
The Administration shall disqualify any person from driving a commercial motor vehicle for a period of 60 days if convicted under the laws of this State or any other state of 2 serious traffic violations arising from separate incidents occurring within a 3–year period committed:
(1)
While operating a commercial motor vehicle; or
(2)
While holding a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license and operating a noncommercial vehicle, and the conviction would result in suspension, revocation, or cancellation of the driver’s license.
(g)
The Administration shall disqualify any person from driving a commercial motor vehicle for a period of 120 days if convicted under the laws of this State or any other state of 3 serious traffic violations arising from separate incidents occurring within a 3–year period committed:
(1)
While operating a commercial motor vehicle; or
(2)
While holding a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license and operating a noncommercial motor vehicle, and the conviction would result in suspension, revocation, or cancellation of the driver’s license.
(h)
The Administration may disqualify a person from driving a commercial motor vehicle for a controlled dangerous substance offense in the manner provided under Article 41, Title 1, Subtitle 5 of the Code.
(i)
(1)
In this subsection the following terms have the meanings indicated:
(i)
“Commercial motor vehicle” means:
(1)
A “commercial motor vehicle” as defined in § 16–803 of this subtitle; and
(2)
Except as provided in § 16–803(c)(2) of this subtitle, any self–propelled or towed vehicle used on a public highway to transport passengers or property, if the vehicle has a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,001 or more pounds.
(ii)
“Out–of–service order” means a declaration by an authorized enforcement officer of a federal, State, Canadian, Mexican or local jurisdiction that a driver, a commercial motor vehicle, or a motor carrier operation, is put out of service pursuant to Title 49, §§ 386.72, 392.5, 392.9A, 395.13, and 396.9 of the Code of Federal Regulations, compatible laws, or the North American Uniform Out–of–Service Criteria.
(2)
A driver who is convicted of violating an out–of–service order while driving a commercial motor vehicle is:
(i)
Disqualified for the period of time specified in regulation by the United States Secretary of Transportation; and
(ii)
Subject to the civil penalties specified in regulation by the United States Secretary of Transportation.
(j)
A driver who is convicted of a violation of any of the provisions of §§ 21–701 through 21–704 of this article pertaining to railroad grade crossings or any other federal, state, or local law or regulation pertaining to railroad grade crossings that is substantially similar to §§ 21–701 through 21–704 of this article, while operating a commercial motor vehicle, is disqualified for the period of time specified in regulation by the United States Secretary of Transportation.
(k)
(1)
The Administration shall cancel a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license if the applicant provides information that is incomplete or incorrect.
(2)
If the Administration determines, in its check of an applicant’s license status and record prior to issuing a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, or at any time after the commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license has been issued, that the applicant has falsified any information or certification submitted in connection with an application for a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, the Administration shall suspend, cancel, or revoke the commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license or pending application, or disqualify the person from operating a commercial motor vehicle, for a period of not less than 60 days.
(3)
The Administration shall cancel the commercial driver’s license of any individual who fails to submit to the Administration a current certificate of physical examination, as required under 49 C.F.R. § 391.43 and § 391.45.
(l)
After suspending, revoking, or canceling a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license, or after disqualifying a person who holds a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license from operating a commercial motor vehicle, the Administration shall update its records to reflect that action within 10 days.
(m)
After suspending, revoking, or canceling a nonresident commercial driver’s privilege, or after disqualifying a nonresident driver from operating a commercial motor vehicle, the Administration shall notify the licensing authority of the state which issued the commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license within 10 days.
(n)
An individual who is disqualified from driving a commercial motor vehicle under this section shall surrender the individual’s driver’s license to the Administration.
(o)
(1)
The Administration may issue a noncommercial driver’s license of an appropriate class to an individual who is disqualified or whose commercial driver’s license is canceled under this section if:
(i)
The individual surrenders the commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license; and
(ii)
The individual’s driving privilege is not otherwise refused, suspended, revoked, or canceled in this State or any other state.
(2)
(i)
The Administration may immediately reinstate an individual’s noncommercial driving privilege and, subject to subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph, issue a noncommercial driver’s license of an appropriate class to an individual whose commercial driver’s license is canceled under subsection (k)(3) of this section if:
(1)
The cancellation results solely from the failure to submit a certificate of physical examination;
(2)
The individual’s driving privilege is not expired; and
(3)
The individual’s driving privilege is not otherwise refused, suspended, revoked, or canceled in this State or any other state.
(ii)
The Administration may not issue a noncommercial driver’s license under this paragraph unless the individual surrenders the commercial driver’s license.
(p)
(1)
(i)
On termination of a disqualification period of less than 1 year, an individual may apply for restoration of the individual’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license.
(ii)
The Administration shall reissue a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license under this paragraph when the applicant pays any required fees.
(2)
On termination of a disqualification period of at least 1 year, an individual may apply for a new commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license.
(3)
The Administration shall issue a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license to the applicant when the applicant:
(i)
Passes the skills and knowledge tests required by this subtitle;
(ii)
Is eligible to drive pursuant to the Commercial Driver’s License Information System, and National Driver’s Register;
(iii)
Surrenders any previously issued driver’s instructional permit or license; and
(iv)
Pays the fees required by § 16–818(a)(1) of this subtitle.
(q)
If an individual is disqualified based on multiple offenses committed at the same time, or arising out of circumstances simultaneous in time and place, or arising out of the same incident, the Administration:
(1)
Shall disqualify the individual from driving a commercial motor vehicle for the offense which results in the lengthiest period of disqualification; and
(2)
May not impose any additional periods of disqualification for the remainder of the offenses.
(r)
Notwithstanding any other provision of law, an offense described in this section or § 16–205.1 of this title committed by an individual in a noncommercial motor vehicle may not be considered an offense for the purposes of disqualification if the offense occurred before:
(1)
September 30, 2005; or
(2)
The initial issuance to the individual of a commercial instructional permit by any state.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-813 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–813LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
An individual may not drive, operate, or be in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle while the individual has any alcohol concentration in the individual’s blood or breath.
(2)
Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (1) of this subsection and for the purpose of disqualifying an individual’s commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license for a violation of § 16–812(a) of this subtitle, an individual may not drive, operate, or be in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle while the individual has an alcohol concentration of 0.04 or greater in the individual’s blood or breath.
(b)
A person who drives, operates, or is in physical control of a commercial motor vehicle while having alcohol in the person’s system or who, subject to § 16–205.1 of this title, refuses to take a chemical test to determine the alcohol concentration, shall be placed out of service for the 24–hour period immediately following the time the police officer or employer detects alcohol in the driver’s blood or breath.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-813.1 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–813.1LinkCopy Citation
(a)
A person may not knowingly or fraudulently obtain a commercial driver’s license by misrepresentation.
(b)
A person convicted of a violation of this section is subject to imprisonment not exceeding 5 years or a fine not exceeding $10,000 or both.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-814 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–814LinkCopy Citation
Within 10 days of the conviction, the Administration shall notify the driver licensing authority in the licensing state of the conviction of:
(1)
Any nonresident holder of a commercial instructional permit or commercial driver’s license for the violation of any State law or local ordinance relating to operating a motor vehicle, other than parking violations;
(2)
Any nonresident holder of a noncommercial driver’s license for the violation of any State law or local ordinance relating to operating a motor vehicle, other than parking violations, committed in a commercial motor vehicle; or
(3)
Any nonresident who does not hold any type of license to drive, or whose license to drive is suspended, revoked, or canceled, for the violation of any State law or local ordinance relating to operating a commercial motor vehicle, other than parking violations.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-815 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–815LinkCopy Citation
(a)
(1)
A Class A commercial driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive the following motor vehicles and combinations of motor vehicles:
(i)
Any combination of vehicles with a gross combination weight rating of 26,001 or more pounds if the GVWR of the vehicles being towed is in excess of 10,000 pounds; and
(ii)
Any vehicle or combination of vehicles that a Class B commercial driver’s license authorizes its holder to drive.
(2)
An individual who is issued a Class A commercial driver’s license under this subsection may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless a Class A commercial driver’s license or an appropriately endorsed Class A commercial driver’s license authorizes the individual to drive a vehicle of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(b)
(1)
A Class B commercial driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive the following motor vehicles and combinations of motor vehicles:
(i)
Any single vehicle with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,001 or more pounds;
(ii)
Any such vehicle towing a vehicle not in excess of 10,000 pounds GVWR; and
(iii)
Any vehicle that a Class C commercial driver’s license authorizes its holder to drive.
(2)
An individual who is issued a Class B commercial driver’s license under this subsection may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless a Class B commercial driver’s license or an appropriately endorsed Class B commercial driver’s license authorizes the individual to drive a vehicle of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(c)
(1)
A Class C commercial driver’s license authorizes the licensee to drive the following motor vehicles and combinations of motor vehicles:
(i)
Any single vehicle less than 26,001 pounds gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR);
(ii)
Any such vehicle towing a vehicle not in excess of 10,000 pounds GVWR; and
(iii)
Any vehicle which a noncommercial Class C driver’s license authorizes its holder to drive, except for motorcycles.
(2)
An individual who is issued a Class C commercial driver’s license under this subsection may not drive or attempt to drive a motor vehicle on any highway in this State unless a Class C commercial driver’s license or an appropriately endorsed Class C commercial driver’s license authorizes the individual to drive a vehicle of the class that the individual is driving or attempting to drive.
(d)
(1)
A commercial driver’s instructional permit authorizes the holder to operate commercial motor vehicles of Class A, B, and C subject to the conditions of Subtitle 1 of this title.
(2)
An instructional permit is not a license within the meaning of the single license restriction placed upon drivers of commercial motor vehicles.
(e)
(1)
In addition to the requirements contained in subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section, an operator must obtain State–issued endorsements of an operator’s commercial driver’s license to operate commercial motor vehicles which are:
(i)
Double/triple trailers;
(ii)
Vehicles designed to transport 16 or more passengers including the driver (passenger vehicles);
(iii)
School buses; or
(iv)
Tank vehicles.
(2)
A school bus endorsement authorized under this subsection is also an endorsement for vehicles designed to transport 16 or more passengers including the driver (passenger vehicles).
(f)
(1)
In addition to the requirements contained in subsections (a), (b), and (c) of this section, an operator must obtain a State–issued endorsement of an operator’s commercial driver’s license to operate a commercial motor vehicle that is required to be placarded for hazardous materials.
(2)
Before an operator can obtain a State–issued endorsement under this subsection, the operator shall apply to the Criminal Justice Information System Central Repository for a national and State criminal history records check.
(3)
The Administration may not issue a hazardous materials endorsement of a commercial driver’s license without the approval of the Transportation Security Administration of the federal Department of Homeland Security.
(4)
The Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services and the Director of the Criminal Justice Information System Central Repository, in consultation with the Administration, may adopt regulations to carry out this section.
(g)
(1)
In this subsection, “Central Repository” means the Criminal Justice Information System Central Repository of the Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services.
(2)
An operator requesting a State–issued endorsement under subsection (f) of this section shall apply to the Central Repository for a national and a State criminal history records check.
(3)
As part of the application for a criminal history records check, the operator shall submit to the Central Repository:
(i)
Two complete sets of the operator’s legible fingerprints taken in a format approved by the Director of the Central Repository and the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
(ii)
The fee authorized under § 10–221(b)(7) of the Criminal Procedure Article for access to Maryland criminal history records; and
(iii)
The mandatory processing fee required by the Federal Bureau of Investigation for a national criminal history records check.
(4)
(i)
The Central Repository shall provide a receipt to the operator for the fees paid under paragraph (3)(ii) and (iii) of this subsection.
(ii)
The operator’s employer may pay the fees or reimburse the operator for the fees required under paragraph (3)(ii) and (iii) of this subsection.
(5)
(i)
In accordance with §§ 10–201 through 10–234 of the Criminal Procedure Article, the Central Repository shall forward to the operator and the Transportation Security Administration of the federal Department of Homeland Security, a printed statement of the operator’s criminal history record information.
(ii)
If criminal history record information is reported to the Central Repository after the date of the criminal history records check, the Central Repository shall provide to the Transportation Security Administration of the federal Department of Homeland Security and the operator a revised printed statement of the operator’s criminal history record information.
(6)
In accordance with regulations adopted by the Department of Public Safety and Correctional Services, the Administration shall verify periodically a list of operators of commercial motor vehicles that are required to be placarded for hazardous materials.
(7)
Information obtained from the Central Repository under this section shall be:
(i)
Confidential and may not be disseminated; and
(ii)
Used only for the purpose authorized by this section.
(8)
The subject of a criminal history records check under this subsection may contest the contents of the printed statement issued by the Central Repository as provided in § 10–223 of the Criminal Procedure Article.
(h)
Except as provided in § 16–101 of this title, a person convicted of a violation of subsection (e) of this section is subject to:
(1)
For a first offense, imprisonment not exceeding 2 months or a fine not exceeding $500 or both;
(2)
For a second offense, imprisonment not exceeding 6 months or a fine not exceeding $1,000 or both; and
(3)
For a third or subsequent offense, imprisonment not exceeding 1 year or a fine not exceeding $2,000 or both.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-816 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–816LinkCopy Citation
(a)
An individual may not drive a school vehicle on any highway in this State unless the individual:
(1)
Passes an appropriate medical examination; and
(2)
For driving a school bus, has been issued a commercial driver’s license endorsed school bus.
(b)
Except as provided in subsections (c) and (d) of this section, a driver of a school vehicle may not allow an individual who is not a student or school employee to board or ride on the school vehicle.
(c)
An individual may board and ride on a school vehicle as a school vehicle attendant if the individual:
(1)
(i)
Is an employee of the local school system or transportation company that operates the school vehicle;
(ii)
Is otherwise authorized by the local school system to act as a school vehicle attendant for a child on the school vehicle; or
(iii)
Is a nurse, an aide, or any other individual assigned or authorized to work with a student in accordance with the student’s individualized education program, 504 Plan under the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973, or other student–specific written plan; and
(2)
(i)
Is in possession of photo identification that identifies the local school system or transportation company that employs the individual as a school vehicle attendant; or
(ii)
Is in possession of photo identification or another document issued by the local school system that authorizes the individual to act as a school vehicle attendant for a child on the school vehicle.
(d)
An individual may board and ride on a school vehicle with the written permission of the local school system.
(e)
With the advice of the State Department of Education, the Administration may adopt regulations concerning the qualifications of school vehicle drivers.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-817 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–817LinkCopy Citation
(a)
Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the Administration may not issue a commercial driver’s license or a commercial driver’s instructional permit to any individual:
(1)
Who is not a resident of Maryland; and
(2)
Who is not at least 21 years of age.
(b)
The Administration may issue a Class A, B, or C commercial driver’s license or a commercial driver’s instructional permit to an individual under the age of 21, if the individual is at least 18 years of age. The license:
(1)
May not include a hazardous materials endorsement;
(2)
May not be valid for commercial interstate operation except as permitted by 49 C.F.R. Parts 390 to 399; and
(3)
Shall be valid for commercial intrastate and all noncommercial operation.
(c)
Consistent with the Code of Federal Regulations, the Administration may issue a commercial driver’s license to an applicant domiciled in a foreign country.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-818 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–818LinkCopy Citation
(a)
An applicant for a commercial driver's license shall pay the Administration the following fees established by the Administration:
(1)
Upon application for a new commercial driver's license or a commercial driver's license of a class other than that which the applicant holds:
(i)
The base license fee if a commercial driver's instructional permit is required or an amount established by the Administration if an instructional permit is not required;
(ii)
A commercial driver's license fee; and
(iii)
The applicable fees listed in subsection (b) of this section;
(2)
For the renewal of any class of commercial driver's license:
(i)
A renewal fee;
(ii)
A commercial driver's license fee; and
(iii)
The applicable fees listed in subsection (b) of this section;
(3)
For the conversion of a Maryland Class A, B, C, or D driver's license to a commercial driver's license:
(i)
A renewal fee;
(ii)
A commercial driver's license fee; and
(iii)
The applicable fees listed in subsection (b) of this section; and
(4)
For issuance of a duplicate or corrected commercial driver's license, a duplicate or corrected driver's license fee.
(b)
In addition to the fees required by subsection (a) of this section, the applicant shall pay the Administration a fee established by the Administration for a required skills test or for a skills retest.
(c)
Fees collected under this section:
(1)
Shall be deposited in the Transportation Trust Fund; and
(2)
Are not subject to the provisions of Title 8, Subtitle 4 of this article on the disposition of highway user revenues.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-819 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–819LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration shall retain a record of:
(1)
Each commercial driver’s license application that it receives; and
(2)
Each commercial driver’s license that it issues.
(b)
The Administration shall retain as part of the driving record:
(1)
Each conviction for any offense related to the use or operation of a motor vehicle which is prohibited by State law, municipal ordinance, or administrative rule or regulation, or reported by another state’s driver licensing authority; and
(2)
Each administrative action taken by the Administration or reported by another state’s driver licensing authority.
(c)
The Administration shall retain the driving records of individuals who have been issued commercial driver’s licenses for at least the period of time required by the Commercial Driver’s License Information System (CDLIS) established by the Secretary, United States Department of Transportation.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-820 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 8. Maryland Commercial Driver's License Act
§ 16–820LinkCopy Citation
The Administration may adopt and enforce regulations not inconsistent with the Maryland Vehicle Law, the federal Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act, and the Code of Federal Regulations in order to carry out the provisions of this subtitle.
Subtitle 9. Driver's Licenses -- Immunities and Privileges -- Requirements
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-901 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 9. Driver's Licenses -- Immunities and Privileges -- Requirements
§ 16–901LinkCopy Citation
This subtitle applies only to an individual who displays a driver’s license issued by the U.S. Department of State to a police officer or who otherwise claims immunities or privileges under Title 22, Chapter 6 of the United States Code with respect to the individual’s violation of Title 2, Subtitle 5, § 2-209, or § 3-211 of the Criminal Law Article, or a moving violation under the vehicle laws or regulations of this State or any local authority.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-902 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 9. Driver's Licenses -- Immunities and Privileges -- Requirements
§ 16–902LinkCopy Citation
If a driver who is subject to this subtitle is stopped by a police officer who has probable cause to believe that the driver has committed a violation described in this subtitle, the police officer shall:
(1)
As soon as practicable contact the U.S. Department of State office in order to verify the driver’s status and immunity, if any;
(2)
Record all relevant information from any driver’s license or identification card, including a driver’s license or identification card issued by the U.S. Department of State; and
(3)
Within 5 workdays after the date of the stop, forward the following to the Administration:
(i)
A vehicle accident report, if the driver was involved in a vehicle accident;
(ii)
If a citation or other charging document was issued to the driver, a copy of the citation or other charging document; and
(iii)
If a citation or other charging document was not issued to the driver, a written report of the incident.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-903 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 9. Driver's Licenses -- Immunities and Privileges -- Requirements
§ 16–903LinkCopy Citation
The Administration shall:
(1)
File each vehicle accident report, citation or other charging document, and incident report that the Administration receives under this subtitle; and
(2)
Keep convenient records or make suitable notations showing each:
(i)
Conviction;
(ii)
Probation before judgment disposition of any violation of § 21-902 of this article; and
(iii)
Vehicle accident.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-904 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 9. Driver's Licenses -- Immunities and Privileges -- Requirements
§ 16–904LinkCopy Citation
The Administration shall send a copy of each document and record described under § 16-903 of this subtitle to the Bureau of Diplomatic Security, Office of Foreign Missions, of the U.S. Department of State.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-905 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 9. Driver's Licenses -- Immunities and Privileges -- Requirements
§ 16–905LinkCopy Citation
The provisions of this subtitle do not prohibit or limit the application of any law to a criminal or motor vehicle violation by an individual who has or claims immunities or privileges under Title 22, Chapter 6 of the United States Code.
Subtitle 10. Electronic Credentials
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-1001 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 10. Electronic Credentials
§ 16–1001LinkCopy Citation
(a)
In this subtitle the following words have the meanings indicated.
(b)
“Credential holder” means the individual to whom an electronic credential is issued.
(c)
“Data field” means a discrete piece of information printed or otherwise appearing on a license or an identification card.
(d)
“Electronic credential” means an electronic representation of a license, an identification card, or a data field.
(e)
“Full profile” means all the information provided on a license or an identification card.
(f)
“Limited profile” means a portion of the information provided on a license or an identification card.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-1002 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 10. Electronic Credentials
§ 16–1002LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration may issue an electronic credential to an individual in addition to, and not instead of, a license or an identification card if the Administration has issued to the individual:
(1)
A license; or
(2)
An identification card under § 12–301 of this article.
(b)
The Administration may enter into agreements with an agency of the State, another state, or the United States, or through a national association of motor vehicle agencies, to facilitate the issuance, use, and verification of electronic credentials issued by the Administration or another state.
(c)
The Administration may create an electronic credential that:
(1)
Is capable of producing both a full profile and a limited profile; and
(2)
Satisfies the purpose for which the profile is being presented.
(d)
The Administration shall design the electronic credential in a manner that allows the credential holder to maintain physical possession of the device on which the electronic credential is accessed during verification.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-1003 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 10. Electronic Credentials
§ 16–1003LinkCopy Citation
(a)
The Administration may operate a verification system for electronic credentials.
(b)
(1)
Access to the verification system and any data field by a person presented with an electronic credential requires the credential holder’s consent.
(2)
If consent is granted under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the Administration may release through the verification system:
(i)
For a full profile, all data fields that appear on the physical credential that corresponds with the electronic credential that is being verified; and
(ii)
For a limited profile, only the data fields represented in the limited profile for the physical credential that corresponds with the electronic credential that is being verified.
(c)
A third party may administer on behalf of the Administration any system developed to facilitate the issuance, verification, and use of electronic credentials.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-1004 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 10. Electronic Credentials
§ 16–1004LinkCopy Citation
The Administration may charge a fee for:
(1)
The issuance of an electronic credential; and
(2)
The use of an electronic verification system.
Md. Code Ann., Transp. § 16-1005 (2026)
Title 16. Vehicle Laws -- Drivers' Licenses
Subtitle 10. Electronic Credentials
§ 16–1005LinkCopy Citation
The Administration may adopt regulations to carry out this subtitle.