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<regulation prefix="Regulation" num=".05" citation="COMAR 10.27.20.05" title_num="10" subtitle_num="27" chapter_num="20" heading="Infusion Therapy Acts — LPN.">
  <paragraph num="A.">
    <text>The LPN may perform the following infusion therapy acts for peripheral and subcutaneous infusions when there is an RN on site or available by telephone:</text>
    <paragraph num="(1)">
      <text>Calculate and adjust flow rate including pumps;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(2)">
      <text>Observe and report on:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>Insertion site; and</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>Objective and subjective signs of adverse reactions to infusion therapy;</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(3)">
      <text>Change the dressing on the insertion site;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(4)">
      <text>Change the administration set;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(5)">
      <text>Insert subcutaneous needle or catheter to:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>Rotate sites for an existing infusion; and</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>Administer a medication which is routine for the patient;</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(6)">
      <text>Insert a peripheral IV needle or catheter (excluding midline) to:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>Withdraw a blood specimen; or</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>Initiate IV fluids;</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(7)">
      <text>Remove a peripheral and subcutaneous IV needle or catheter;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(8)">
      <text>Flush a peripheral and midline IV device;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(9)">
      <text>Convert an existing continuous infusion to an intermittent infusion;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(10)">
      <text>Convert an intermittent infusion to a continuous infusion;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(11)">
      <text>Change injection cap;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(12)">
      <text>Insert device and initiate hypodermoclysis and add replacement solutions; and</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(13)">
      <text>Administer medication via a peripheral IV line (including midline) using:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>Pharmacy-prepared medication; and</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>PPN solutions; and</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(14)">
      <text>Add medications to an intravenous solution.</text>
    </paragraph>
  </paragraph>
  <paragraph num="B.">
    <text>The LPN may perform the following acts for midclavicular, CVC, PICC, and implanted ports:</text>
    <paragraph num="(1)">
      <text>Calculate and adjust flow rate including a pump;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(2)">
      <text>Observe and report on:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>The insertion site; and</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>Objective and subjective signs of adverse reactions to infusion therapy;</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(3)">
      <text>Change the dressing on the insertion site;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(4)">
      <text>Flush a midclavicular, PICC, CVC, and an accessed implanted port;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(5)">
      <text>Change injection cap;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(6)">
      <text>Change administration sets;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(7)">
      <text>Convert an existing continuous infusion to an intermittent infusion; and</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(8)">
      <text>Convert an intermittent infusion to a continuous infusion.</text>
    </paragraph>
  </paragraph>
  <paragraph num="C.">
    <text>The LPN may perform the following additional acts under the direct supervision of the RN following a comprehensive patient assessment:</text>
    <paragraph num="(1)">
      <text>Administer TPN via PICC, implanted ports, or CVC;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(2)">
      <text>Administer medications by midclavicular, PICC, CVC, and implanted ports by hanging pharmacy prepared solutions;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(3)">
      <text>Add medication to a solution administered via PICC, midclavicular CVC, and implanted ports;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(4)">
      <text>Observe, monitor, and report on the patient:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>With specialized catheters; and</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>During a blood transfusion;</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(5)">
      <text>Initiate and administer blood and blood components;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(6)">
      <text>Draw blood specimens via midline, PICC, CVC, and implanted ports;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(7)">
      <text>Access and de-access implanted ports; and</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(8)">
      <text>Initiate the first dose of a medication after it has been reviewed and evaluated for potential risk by the RN.</text>
    </paragraph>
  </paragraph>
  <paragraph num="D.">
    <text>On completion of a second specialized educational program in infusion therapy, containing didactic content and a clinical practicum, consistent with the standards of ONS or other bodies approved by the Board and with documented evidence of clinical competency, the LPN may administer standardized doses of non-vesicant chemotherapeutic agents and antiviral agents to an existing infusion in accord with the facility's written protocol or practice guidelines. The LPN shall perform these additional procedures under the direct supervision of the RN following a comprehensive patient assessment.</text>
  </paragraph>
  <paragraph num="E.">
    <text>The LPN may perform additional infusion therapy acts in a licensed outpatient dialysis facility serving the chronic dialysis client when:</text>
    <paragraph num="(1)">
      <text>The requirements of Regulations .03 and .04 of this chapter and §§A—C of this regulation have been met;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(2)">
      <text>The outpatient dialysis unit RN skilled in chronic dialysis has taught a didactic and clinical practicum for the LPN which includes but is not limited to:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>Pharmacological interventions specific to:</text>
        <paragraph num="(i)">
          <text>Physiological alterations and effects of chronic renal failure;</text>
        </paragraph>
        <paragraph num="(ii)">
          <text>Indication, dosage, side effects, and contraindications of each drug intervention; and</text>
        </paragraph>
        <paragraph num="(iii)">
          <text>Special considerations of each drug intervention specific to the chronic renal failure client; and</text>
        </paragraph>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>Route of medication administration and access delivery systems;</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(3)">
      <text>The outpatient dialysis RN documents evidence of the LPN's clinical competency of the additional activities under §F of this regulation.</text>
    </paragraph>
  </paragraph>
  <paragraph num="F.">
    <text>The LPN may perform the following additional infusion acts, that may include the flushing of catheters, in a licensed outpatient dialysis facility serving the chronic dialysis client under the direct supervision of the RN skilled in chronic dialysis:</text>
    <paragraph num="(1)">
      <text>Venipuncture for the purpose of hemodialysis;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(2)">
      <text>Initiation of and discontinuation from dialysis utilizing the various accesses, including:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>Subclavian catheters;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>Internal jugular catheters;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(c)">
        <text>Femoral vein catheters;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(d)">
        <text>Arterial catheters;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(e)">
        <text>Fistulas; and</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(f)">
        <text>Grafts;</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(3)">
      <text>Withdrawal of blood and heparinized saline from the various accesses for the purpose of removing the heparin and establishing patency;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(4)">
      <text>Withdrawal of blood from access for the purpose of obtaining blood for a laboratory specimen;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(5)">
      <text>Administration of IV medications and solutions during hemodialysis;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(6)">
      <text>Performance of dressing changes to various access device sites; and</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(7)">
      <text>Administration of the following medications by IV “push” per physician order and nationally recognized standards of care:</text>
      <paragraph num="(a)">
        <text>Anticoagulant agents;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(b)">
        <text>Saline;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(c)">
        <text>Erythropoeitic agents;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(d)">
        <text>Vitamin D products;</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(e)">
        <text>Iron preparation agents; and</text>
      </paragraph>
      <paragraph num="(f)">
        <text>Anti-emetic agents.</text>
      </paragraph>
    </paragraph>
  </paragraph>
  <paragraph num="G.">
    <text>The LPN may not perform the following acts:</text>
    <paragraph num="(1)">
      <text>Administer medication via IV “push”, except as set forth in §F(7) of this regulation;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(2)">
      <text>Insert a midline catheter;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(3)">
      <text>De-clot the catheter;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(4)">
      <text>Repair a catheter;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(5)">
      <text>Insert and remove PICC, midline catheters, and midclavicular catheters;</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(6)">
      <text>Manage specialized catheters for analgesia; and</text>
    </paragraph>
    <paragraph num="(7)">
      <text>Remove nonsurgically placed central and arterial catheters.</text>
    </paragraph>
  </paragraph>
</regulation>