In COMAR 11.14.01—11.14.06 and 11.14.09, the following terms have the meanings indicated. Terms Defined. “Administration” means the State Motor Vehicle Administration of the Maryland Department of Transportation. “Authorized dealer” means a Maryland dealer licensed as a truck inspection station. “Authorized inspection station” means a facility which has been licensed to perform inspections on, issue certificates to, or certify safety equipment repair orders for a specific class of vehicle. The following classes of stations are authorized to inspect the types of vehicles listed and any other type of vehicle authorized by the Division: A—passenger vehicles, limousines, low speed vehicles, recreational motor homes, trucks 10,000 pounds and under GVWR, trailers not equipped with air brakes, up to 20 feet in length, and multipurpose passenger vehicles, except 3-wheeled multipurpose vehicles; B—any trailer, including those equipped with air brakes; C—trucks, truck tractors, buses, recreational motor homes, converted buses, and limousines over 10,000 pounds GVWR; D—combination of Classes B and C; F—fleet (must own, operate, or control at least 15 vehicles); M—motorcycles and 3-wheeled multipurpose vehicles, and trailers 20 feet or less in length, if the trailers are not equipped with air brakes; R—recreational motor homes and converted buses; T—any trailer up to 10,000 pounds GVWR not equipped with air brakes; and G—combination of Classes R and T. “Bed” means the load-carrying part temporarily or permanently attached to a vehicle and separated from the passenger compartment and fully enclosed on both sides by sideboards or side panels, on the front by a board or panel or by the cab of the vehicle and, on the rear, by a tailgate, board, or panel. “Controller” means an individual who has submitted a Division application, passed a written examination administered by the Division, and been approved by the Division to control the dispensing of inspection certificates to registered inspection mechanics at an authorized inspection station. “Conviction” has the meaning stated in Transportation Article, §11-110, Annotated Code of Maryland. “Covert vehicle” means a vehicle used by the Division to monitor compliance with COMAR 11.14.01—11.14.06 and 11.14.09, by authorized inspection station personnel. Covert Vehicle Inspection. “Covert vehicle inspection” means the submission of a covert vehicle to an authorized inspection station for inspection. Covert vehicle inspection may include the presentation of a fictitious safety equipment repair order written for the purpose of covert investigation. “Dealer” means a dealer who is licensed in this State under Title 15 of the Transportation Article of the Annotated Code of Maryland. “Division” means the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Department of State Police. “Enclosures” means the front, rear, and sides of a vehicle bed as defined in Transportation Article, §24-106.1(d)(1), Annotated Code of Maryland. “Facility” means a dealer, vehicle repair garage, repair shop, or gasoline service station. “Fictitious safety equipment repair order” means a safety equipment repair order that is an authentic document, prepared by Division personnel, containing information that may be fabricated for the purpose of submission for inspection and compliance with COMAR. “GVWR” means the gross vehicle weight rating as determined by the manufacturer. “Inspection certificate” means a written certification by an inspection station that: Certifies that, as of its date, a specified vehicle meets or exceeds the standards for equipment established in these regulations; and Is signed and dated on behalf of the inspection station by the registered individual who personally inspected the vehicle. “Licensee” means the owner of a private business, all partners of a partnership and, in cases of corporations, the corporate officer or person with written power of attorney or any other representative of the corporation as defined under Regulation .02A(3) of this chapter. “Limousine” means a vehicle that: Has been modified or stretched for transportation of passengers; Is driven as part of a service provided by a person that advertises itself as a provider of limousine services or registers with the Public Service Commission as a provider of limousine services; or Is equipped with amenities not normally provided in passenger cars, including a custom interior, television, video cassette recorder, musical sound system, telephone, ice storage area, additional interior lighting, and driver-passenger communication such as an intercom or power-operated driver partition. “Load cover” means a device made of canvas or other type material and used to enclose the open top of a vehicle bed. “Loose material” means loose material as defined in Transportation Article, §24-106.1(a), Annotated Code of Maryland, and COMAR 11.15.20.01. “Low speed vehicle” means a four-wheeled electric vehicle that has a maximum speed capability that exceeds 20 miles per hour but is less than 25 miles per hour. “Modular home trailer” means a trailer manufactured solely for the purpose of transporting modular homes or portions of modular homes. These vehicles may be inspected if they are overwidth or overlength, provided a permit has been issued by the State Highway Administration permitting movement on the highway. “Motorcycle” means a motor vehicle that: Has motive power; Has a seat or saddle for the use of the rider; Is designed to travel: On not more than three wheels in contact with the ground; and At speeds exceeding 35 miles per hour; and Is of a type required to comply with all motor vehicle safety standards applicable to motorcycles under federal law. “Multipurpose passenger vehicle” means a motor vehicle that: Is designed primarily for carrying persons which is constructed on a truck chassis or with special features for occasional off-road operations; Has 3 wheels; or Is of unique design that does not clearly meet the requirements of any other class as determined by the Division, except 4-wheel drive passenger vehicles (sedans, convertibles, and station wagons). “Police officer” means a uniformed police officer or a civilian employee of the Department of State Police as defined in Transportation Article, §§11-147 and 23-101(g), Annotated Code of Maryland. “Post manufacture window tint inspection report” means a form that: Has been approved by the Division; Has been completed by a registered inspection mechanic of an authorized inspection station approved to inspect post manufacture vehicle window tint; and Includes owner and vehicle information and light transmittance readings of regulated windows equipped with post manufacture window tint. “Post manufacture window tint medical exemption form” means a form issued by the Division for the purpose of providing notification and documentation to an authorized inspection station performing an inspection of a vehicle that: Is owned by a person who must be protected from the sun for medical reasons and has been determined by the Division that the owner has met the medical exemption requirements established in Transportation Article, §22-406, Annotated Code of Maryland; and Excluding the light transmittance requirement, is compliant with all other post manufacture window tinting regulations under this subtitle. “Rebuilding” means the restoring of a salvage vehicle as set forth in Transportation Article, §13-506, Annotated Code of Maryland, or a vehicle which is inoperable because of the need for major or extensive repairs to the body, frame, suspension, engine, or drive train. “Registered inspection mechanic” means an individual who: Has passed the appropriate written test; Has demonstrated proficiency with inspection and test equipment; and Is not under any type of administrative sanctions. “SAE” means the Society of Automotive Engineers. “Safety equipment repair order (SERO)” means a written directive ordering repair of defective equipment on a specified vehicle. Second-Stage Manufacturer. “Second-stage manufacturer” means a licensed second-stage manufacturer as defined in Transportation Article, §15-201, Annotated Code of Maryland. “Second-stage manufacturer” includes a person who works on an incomplete vehicle so that it becomes a complete vehicle in accordance with COMAR 11.15.27 and Transportation Article, §15-201, Annotated Code of Maryland. “Securement hardware” means any device or equipment used to attach or secure a cover on a vehicle bed. “Specially constructed vehicle” means a vehicle which was not originally constructed under a distinctive name, make, model, or type by a generally recognized manufacturer of vehicles and has not been materially altered from its original construction, including kit cars and replicas of previously manufactured vehicles. “State police” means the Maryland State Police. “Supervisor” means an individual who: Has submitted a Division application, passed a written examination administered by the Division, and been approved by the Division to act on behalf of a licensee; and Is responsible for and supervises the daily operation of the inspection program at the licensee's facility. Vehicle. “Vehicle” means, except as otherwise provided in this regulation, any vehicle registered or to be registered in this State as: Class A (passenger) vehicle; Class E (truck) vehicle; Class F (tractor) vehicle; Class G (trailer) vehicle; Class J (vanpool) vehicle; Class M (multipurpose) vehicle; Class B (for hire) vehicle; Class D (motorcycle) vehicle; Class Q (limousine) vehicle; For the purpose of load covers required by Transportation Article, §24-106.1, Annotated Code of Maryland, any vehicle as defined in Transportation Article, §11-176, Annotated Code of Maryland; or For the purpose of safety equipment repair orders only, any motor vehicle, trailer, or semitrailer, except as provided in §B(36)(b) of this regulation. “Vehicle” does not include any Class L (historic) vehicle, Class N (street rod) vehicle, or trailer which is a mobile home as defined in Transportation Article, §11-134, Annotated Code of Maryland. “Vehicle inspection handbook” means copies of regulations governing motor vehicle inspection which have been compiled in a handbook obtained from the Office of the Secretary of State, Division of State Documents, for the State of Maryland. An application for an authorized inspection station license or renewal shall be submitted on a complete and legible form and signed in ink by the licensee, and accompanied by the fee set forth in COMAR 11.11.05, as follows: Private business—shall be signed by the owner; Partnership—shall be signed by all partners; Corporation—shall be signed by a corporate officer or person with written power of attorney which shall either accompany the application or be on file with the Division. Applications will not be accepted from any applicant who has been in business at that location for less than 6 months except: Previously licensed facilities which have changed location; Additional locations of existing or established businesses which have one or more branches licensed as authorized inspection stations; A dealer licensed by the Administration; When adequate documentation of previous business operational experience is presented, the Division Commander may waive the 6-month waiting period. Hours of Operation. Inspection stations shall have regular daytime business hours Monday through Friday from at least 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Inspection stations may adjust their regular business days in the best interests of the State and the public on written approval from the Division. Inspection Mechanic Requirements. Each licensee open to the public shall have available for duty during regular daytime business hours at least one full-time registered inspection mechanic at each authorized inspection station who shall: Have successfully submitted an application for registered inspection mechanic which is complete, legible, bearing the applicant's signature in ink, and accompanied by the fee set forth in COMAR 11.11.05; Be at least 18 years old; or at least 17 years old and possess a certificate of satisfactory completion of an automotive mechanic's course from an accredited Maryland high school or its equivalent; Have a minimum of 12 months' general motor vehicle repair experience; Be thoroughly familiar with the contents of the Vehicle Inspection Handbook; Possess a valid driver's license issued in the applicant's name for the class of vehicle to be driven in the course of inspection; Receive a grade of at least 80 on the administrative part of the examination given by the Division and each part of the examination applying to the class of vehicle on which the applicant will be performing inspections; Be reexamined if inactive for more than 6 months and be subject to periodic reexamination as required by the Division; Be capable of performing and passing a demonstrated ability exam as required and prescribed by the Division; Be capable of road testing the motor vehicle as part of the inspection procedure; Be responsible for and capable of: Performing partial and complete inspections; Completing all inspection certificates and safety equipment repair orders; and Maintaining records pertaining to all complete or partial inspections that the mechanic performs; and Refrain from the use, or being under the influence, of alcoholic beverages or controlled dangerous substances (CDS) during work hours. Under §B(1)(f) of this regulation, an approved inspection mechanic need only take those parts of the examination for the additional vehicle class or classes for which the inspection mechanic is seeking to be approved with a grade of at least 80 for each additional part or parts. Three consecutive failures of the written examination shall require at least a 6-month waiting period before any subsequent written examination may be taken. Under §B(1)(h) of this regulation, in cases when a written examination is required, or upon transfer from one authorized inspection station to another, the Division may require a registered inspection mechanic to pass the demonstrated ability exam. Three consecutive failures of any demonstrated ability exam shall require at least a 6-month waiting period before any subsequent exam. Demonstrated ability exams will be administered by the trooper or civilian employee of the Division assigned supervision of the station where the individual is employed only on routine station visit days and reexamination after failure will be conducted upon the next routine station visit, unless exigent circumstances exist. Registered inspection mechanics may only be registered at one authorized inspection station on a full-time basis. Controller Requirements. The applicant/licensee shall designate a controller to control inspection certificates within the facility who shall: Be approved by the Division to function in that capacity after successfully submitting a Division application and passing a written Supervisor/Controller Examination administered by the Division; Be authorized to receive inspection certificates from the Division; Be responsible for issuing in strict numerical sequence all inspection certificates to registered inspection mechanics upon satisfactory completion of inspection; Assure that all certificates contain the date the vehicle is fully certified and are issued before the vehicle leaves the facility premises; Maintain strict security of all unused inspection certificates in a locked desk, cabinet, or safe, and assure that only designated personnel have access to the unused inspection certificates; and Have all records of inspections available at the facility during normal working hours that may be removed by Division personnel as needed. Supervisor Requirements. The applicant/licensee shall designate supervisory personnel who shall: Be approved by the Division to function in that capacity after successfully submitting a Division application and passing a written Supervisor/Controller Examination administered by the Division; and Be responsible for and supervise the daily operation of the inspection program at the licensee's facility. The registration under Regulation .03 of this chapter may be refused, revoked, or suspended if the registered inspection mechanic, controller, supervisor, or inspection station licensee, has committed any of the following offenses: Misrepresentation or falsification of facts; Failure to comply with any requirements of these regulations; Performing inspection or certifying a vehicle for which the mechanic is not registered to inspect, except for defects indicated on a SERO which can be visually certified; Issuing an inspection certificate for a vehicle without having inspected its equipment; Issuing a repair order certification for any specified equipment without having inspected that equipment; Issuing an inspection certificate for a vehicle for which the equipment does not meet or exceed the standards established; Issuing a repair order certification for any specified equipment if that equipment does not meet or exceed the standards established under this subtitle; Conviction for: A felony; Assault; Battery; Theft; A crime involving fraud; or A controlled dangerous substance (CDS) violation. Making, issuing, or knowingly using any fictitious inspection certificate, repair order certification, or other document approved or issued by the Division; Attaching, causing to be attached, or permitting to be attached to any vehicle an inspection certificate knowing it to be fictitious or issued without the equipment having been inspected for compliance with Transportation Article, Title 23, Subtitle 1, Annotated Code of Maryland; Issuing, causing to be issued, or permitting to be issued a repair order certification knowing it to be fictitious or issued without the equipment having been inspected for compliance with Transportation Article, Title 23, Subtitle 1, Annotated Code of Maryland; Materially altering or changing any equipment on a vehicle for which an inspection certificate or a repair order certification has been issued; A suspension or revocation of a driver's license within the past 3 years; Using or being under the influence of alcoholic beverages or a controlled dangerous substance (CDS) during work hours; or Performing vehicle inspections in an area other than an approved designated inspection area. A registered inspection mechanic shall discontinue inspections and notify the Division of any of the following circumstances and may not resume inspections until authorized to do so by the Division: Revocation, suspension, cancellation, or loss of driver's license; Change of employment; Conviction of a crime; Condition or circumstance which may affect the mechanic's ability to conduct inspections or sign inspection certificates or safety equipment repair orders; or Request to cancel the registration. An authorized Maryland manufacturer, Maryland second-stage manufacturer, or dealer issuing a certification of repair for a dump service registration vehicle lift axle air/weight ratio defect without inspecting the equipment may have the privilege to certify safety equipment repair orders issued under COMAR 11.15.27.08C revoked. A Maryland diesel emissions retester, as prescribed in COMAR 11.21.02.08, that issues a certification of a repair to meet a diesel emission opacity standard without conducting an emissions test in accordance with COMAR 11.21.02 may have the privilege to certify safety equipment repair orders issued under COMAR 11.21.02 revoked. A facility may be licensed as an authorized inspection station with a classification of A, B, C, F, M, R, T or any combination of them. The building and location shall conform to established requirements. If a combination license is applied for, the larger inspection and work area prevails and shall: Be open and readily accessible to the general public except those facilities with an F classification. Comply with all applicable laws, ordinances, and regulations for the jurisdiction in which it is located. Be appropriate for the business to be conducted as described below, including an entrance to the inspection area of sufficient height to accommodate the maximum legal height of vehicles to be inspected: Authorized inspection station A—contain at least two work areas, one of which shall be at least 12 feet wide and 25 feet long. Authorized inspection station B—contain an area at least 12 feet wide and at least 60 feet long. This area may be outside. Authorized inspection station C—contain an area at least 15 feet wide and 45 feet long. Authorized inspection station D—shall meet all requirements for Classes B and C. Authorized inspection station F—contain an inspection area meeting the requirements established for the class or classes of vehicles owned or controlled by this facility. Authorized inspection station M—contain an area at least 10 feet wide and 15 feet long. Authorized inspection station R—contain an area at least 12 feet wide and 40 feet long. Authorized inspection station T—this area shall be at least 12 feet wide and at least 60 feet long. This area may be outside. Authorized inspection station G—shall meet all requirements of Classes R and T. Allow minor repairs to be performed in the inspection area of any authorized inspection station open to the public, provided the area can be readily cleared for an inspection. Require that the inspection area be within one building at the place of business of the licensee. An inside inspection area shall have a smooth, level hard-surfaced concrete or cement floor which: Shall have no more than a 1 percent slope from front to rear, rear to front, or side to side; May not have a four-way slope; Shall be free of work benches, displays, machinery, stairways, shelves, car washing equipment or any other obstructions which would create a hazard; and May not be equipped with a drive-on lift. Authorized inspection stations with two or more inspection areas may designate one area as a headlight testing/alignment area, provided this area meets the size requirements of the type of vehicle to be inspected and the requirements of §§A and C(2) of this regulation. Class A, C, or R authorized inspection stations shall be designed and equipped with: Two convex mirrors, a minimum of 12 inches in diameter each, one mounted facing forward from the left rear corner and one facing rearward on the right front corner of the inspection bay; and A track-mounted approved-type headlight tester. Class A authorized inspection stations shall be equipped with: A frame contact lift capable of raising vehicles, except for limousines and recreational motor homes, at least 5 feet off the floor; and Jack stands able to hold limousines and recreational motor homes when raised and placed on them. Diagram of Bay Layout. Applicants and licensees shall have the following test equipment and tools approved by the Division, except as specified in this regulation: One headlight tester (not required for Class B, M, or T), any track-mounted make or model: Capable of accurately testing and aiming headlamp beam patterns and high intensity zones; Equipped with an accurate beam candlepower output display; and Including necessary calibration equipment. One drum micrometer calibration gauge compatible with the brake drum measuring tool; One disc micrometer calibration gauge compatible with the brake disc measuring tool; One ball joint checker, any make or model equipped with a dial indicator and capable of accurately measuring ball joint or king pin movement in increments of 0.001 of an inch (not required for Class B or T); Two jack stands, any make or model, capable of supporting the types of vehicles subject to inspection; One roller/floor jack, any make or model capable of lifting types of vehicles subject to inspection; A drum brake micrometer, any make or model capable of accurately measuring for the appropriate type of vehicle the inside diameter of brake drums in at least 0.005 of an inch increments; A disc brake micrometer, any make or model with a pointed anvil, capable of accurately measuring for the appropriate type of vehicle the thickness of discs or rotors in increments of at least 0.001 of an inch; One brake shoe lining thickness gauge, any make or model capable of accurately measuring, for the types of vehicles subject to inspection, in fractions of an inch the remaining usable bonded brake lining or the thickness of brake lining remaining above rivet heads; One brake disc pad thickness gauge, any make or model capable of accurately measuring for the types of vehicles subject to inspection, in fractions of an inch the remaining usable bonded brake disc pad lining or the thickness of brake disc pad lining remaining above rivet heads; One ammeter, any make or model having a range of 0—40 amperes DC current (not required for Classes C or R); One screwdriver, any type, capable of spreading tire cuts and breaks to determine severity of damage; One tire tread depth gauge, any make or model capable of accurately measuring tire tread depth in 1/32 of an inch; One minimum 25-foot steel tape of any type with clearly legible S.A.E. figures and markings; Two convex mirrors, a minimum of 12 inches in diameter each, any type providing a wide angle view of the front and rear of the inspection bay (not required for Classes B, M, or T); Miscellaneous hand tools necessary to perform mechanical disassembly of vehicle components to conduct inspections; One typewritten or commercially printed S.A.E.-to-metric and metric-to-S.A.E. conversion chart enclosed in clear plastic; One tire pressure gauge, any make or model, capable of measuring air pressure in pounds per square inch (PSI) for type of vehicle being inspected; One 4-foot carpenter’s level, any make or model, capable of determining horizontal and vertical levelness (required only if using the Hoppy Vision 100 or the Symtech Corporation “HBA 5” headlight tester); and One window tint meter (not required for Class B or T), any make or model: Manufactured as a two-piece device, portable and compact, with digital readout to the nearest percent; Suitable for testing standard automotive glazing on roll down and fixed windows; Designed to be operated by one person; Equipped with an alignment aid feature to assist in obtaining and maintaining accuracy throughout the period of measurement; Equipped with an activation switch or button, off switch or button, or self deactivation; Equipped with the manufacturer’s reference sample/calibration standards that are labeled with the manufacturer’s name, serial number (if equipped), and percentage of light transmittance; Equipped with a light transmittance meter which shall maintain unit accuracy within + or – 2 percentage points (certified by an independent testing laboratory); Designed to maintain repeatability within + or – 1 percentage point; and Equipped with a portable carrying case. (Manufacturers shall provide information to the Division regarding any change in specifications of any approved products used for tint inspection and certification in Maryland.) Care of Test Equipment and Tools. Test equipment and tools shall be maintained in proper working order at all times. Any test equipment or tool requiring calibration shall be calibrated as required by the manufacturer, or more frequently, if necessary. Any test equipment or tool that is not permanently mounted shall be kept together in or within close proximity to the inspection bay. The Division may add or delete test equipment and tools from those set forth in §A of this regulation by notifying licensed inspection stations in writing and requiring them to obtain the additional equipment within 90 days of the written notification. Inspection stations shall have the following reference material for the appropriate class of station: Class A inspection stations and any Class F fleet inspection stations inspecting the types of vehicles inspected by a Class A inspection station shall have: Current model year brake, ball joint and tire guide specifications by July 1st of that year; and Emission guide specifications that are within two model years by July 1st of that year (for example, on July 1, 2011, such stations would be required to have either 2010 or 2011 model year emission guide specifications). Class C, D, F, R, and G inspection stations are required to have current model year brake specifications by July 1st of that year. Agency Note: The required specifications may take the form of a printed or electronic reference source from a computerized system, provided the reference material contains required specifications by July 1st of that year. Calibration and Certification of Equipment. Licensed inspection stations shall calibrate their equipment once a month, or as required by §B(2) of this regulation. Maryland manufacturers, second-stage manufacturers, or authorized dealers: May calibrate the standard automotive air pressure gauge specified in §J(1) of this regulation daily; Shall certify the standard automotive air pressure gauge specified in §J(1) of this regulation at least semiannually; and Shall certify the scale or scales specified in §J(2) of this regulation at least semiannually. The calibration and certification data specified in §E(1) and (2) of this regulation shall be: Recorded on a form furnished by the Division; Made available to Division personnel on request; and Given, with respect to the calibration date specified in §E(1) of this regulation, to the supervising trooper or civilian employee of the Division at the time of the monthly station check. If any inspection tool or test equipment is found to be inoperative, the licensee shall have the equipment repaired or replaced within 72 hours. During this time, all unused inspection certificates shall be surrendered to the Division and all other issued materials may be retained by the licensee. Complete inspections, reinspections, or repair order certifications requiring the use of the inoperative equipment may not be performed. Upon repair or replacement of the inoperative equipment or tool within 72 hours, the unused inspection certificates shall be returned to the licensee. If the equipment or tool is not repaired or replaced within 72 hours, the unused certificates shall be retained by the Division and the licensee required to remove the inspection station sign from public view. All other issued materials shall be retained by the licensee. However, no complete inspections or repair order certifications may be performed. If the equipment or tool is not repaired or replaced within a total of 90 days, the license shall be suspended or revoked and all issued materials returned to the Division, except where a valid back order receipt is in evidence. Maryland manufacturers, second-stage manufacturers, or authorized dealers operating under COMAR 11.15.27.08 and State-operated weight facilities shall be equipped with a: Standard automotive air pressure gauge as specified by the Maryland State Police in concurrence with the Maryland Department of Transportation; and Scale or scales capable of accurately measuring the weight of a lift axle on a four-axle dump truck. The Division Commander shall approve all required measuring devices of this regulation before use. Upon compliance with the requirements of Regulations .02—.07 of this chapter and being licensed as an authorized inspection station, the licensee: Agrees to act in the best interest of the State and the general public and comply with the agreement contained in the application for an authorized inspection station license; Acknowledges that the licensee understands the license may be revoked, suspended, or refused for the reasons provided in these regulations and, upon revocation, suspension, or refusal, the licensee shall surrender the license and all related materials issued by the Division; and Acknowledges that the Division reserves the right, in the interest of public safety and in determining compliance with the subtitle, to conduct covert vehicle inspections at authorized inspection stations. The licensee may not use as a defense, to a charge of violating any provision of this subtitle, that a fictitious safety equipment repair order was presented to the registered inspection mechanic as part of a covert vehicle inspection. Inspections. At the request of a vehicle owner, dealer, or agent, the licensee shall perform a complete inspection or a reinspection of a vehicle. Whether the vehicle's equipment meets minimum safety standards or is rejected because it does not, the licensee shall give the owner, dealer, or agent a copy of the Division's vehicle inspection report which shall list all defective equipment, if any. If a rejected vehicle is repaired and returned within 30 days and within 1,000 miles after the original inspection to the same authorized inspection station where it was rejected, only the defective equipment or any defect visually observed is required to be reinspected. Otherwise, a complete inspection shall be performed. Appointments shall be honored, but if a complete inspection or reinspection cannot be performed when scheduled, an appointment for the complete inspection or reinspection shall be set for not more than 3 business days from the date of the original appointment. Reinspections. For a reinspection, the registered inspection mechanic who originally performed the complete inspection shall perform the reinspection on the appointment date, if possible. If the registered inspection mechanic who performed the original complete inspection is not available on a scheduled reinspection appointment date, the licensee is responsible for a complete reinspection and may charge only the appropriate fee for reinspection of the equipment indicated defective when the original complete inspection was performed, or shall refund the fee for the original complete inspection. If the registered inspection mechanic who performed the original complete inspection has had the mechanic's registration suspended or revoked as a result of an administrative action, the licensee shall: Refund the initial inspection fee; or If there is another registered inspection mechanic at the station, have the vehicle completely reinspected and only charge the fee for the reinspected equipment. If the facility's authorized inspection station license is suspended or revoked as a result of an administrative action, the facility's owner shall refund the initial inspection fee. The licensee shall have available for use by all inspection personnel the Vehicle Inspection Handbook including all supplements. Except as provided in §D(1) and (2) of this regulation, the licensee and the supervisor shall permit only registered inspection mechanics to perform inspections and only within the designated inspection area. Certification of defects on safety equipment repair orders which require only a visual inspection may be performed outside the designated area but on the premises of the business. The inspection and certification of defect #61 “TINT” on safety equipment repair orders may be performed outside the designated inspection area but on the premises of the business. The licensee and the supervisor shall permit only registered inspection mechanics to sign inspection certificates, vehicle inspection reports, safety equipment repair orders, or post manufacture window tint inspection reports. Maryland manufacturers, second-stage manufacturers, or authorized dealers certifying equipment repair orders under COMAR 11.15.27 are responsible for supplying a list of individuals authorized to certify safety equipment repair orders to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division (ASED), and shall notify the ASED of changes to the list within 10 days. The licensee shall discontinue inspections and notify the Division of the following circumstances and may not resume inspections until authorized to do so by the Division: Change in ownership, partnership, corporate representatives, or trade name; Change in location of the facility; Any remodeling or significant change to the inspection area; Request of the licensee to cancel the licensee's license or application; or Any circumstance which prevents a complete inspection, the issuance of an inspection certificate, or a repair order certification. Notifying the Division. The licensee or supervisor shall immediately notify the Division of the following circumstances: Change of inspection or supervisory personnel; Stolen, lost, or damaged inspection certificates, license, sign, or records pertaining to inspection; Conviction of criminal or motor vehicle laws, restrictions imposed on driver's license, or loss of driver's license of any registered inspection mechanic; or any condition or circumstance which may affect the mechanic's ability to conduct inspections or sign inspection certificates or safety equipment repair orders; or Anything unusual to indicate the serial number plate has been tampered with. If a licensee does not have a registered inspection mechanic in the licensee's employ, the licensee shall surrender all unused inspection certificates to the Division and remove the inspection station sign from public view. If a registered inspection mechanic is not employed within 90 days, the license shall be cancelled. The licensee, when applicable, shall display the issued authorized inspection station sign on his property in a manner visible to the public on the main thoroughfare where the business is located. The licensee shall prominently display in public view the following in a frame and under clear glass or plastic: Authorized inspection station license; Required official inspection procedure chart with approved inspection fee; and Registered inspection mechanic list. The licensee or supervisor shall assure that the inspection area is kept clear. Inspection Fee. The licensee of an authorized inspection station open to the public may establish a fee for a complete inspection based on the times listed in this section at the hourly flat rate charged for similar mechanical repairs: Vehicles 10,000 pounds and under GVWR — 1.5 hours, which includes 0.4 hour for adjustment of headlights; Vehicles 10,000 pound and under GVWR with 4-wheel drive or full floating axles — 2.0 hours, which includes 0.4 hour for adjustment of headlights, and with each additional axle add 1 hour; Vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR with front and rear brakes — 2.9 hours, which includes 0.4 hour for adjustment of headlights, and with each additional axle add 1.5 hours; Vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR without front brakes — 2.4 hours, which includes 0.4 hour for adjustment of headlights and with each additional axle with brakes add 1.5 hours; Trailers under 10,000 pounds GVWR without brakes — 0.5 hour, and with each axle with brakes add 0.5 hour; Trailers over 10,000 pounds GVWR — 0.5 hour: Each additional axle with single wheels add 0.75 hour; and Each additional axle with dual wheels add 1.5 hours. Motorcycles — 0.75 hour; and Vehicles with post manufacture window tint applied to windows required to meet at least 35 percent light transmittance and compliant with all other post manufacture window tinting regulations under this subtitle — 0.2 hour of hourly flat rate in addition to applicable inspection fees established under this section. If the defects are not repaired at the authorized inspection station and the vehicle is returned for reinspection and certification, a prorated inspection fee may be charged for the reinspection of those defects requiring jacking, lifting, measuring, or testing. A fee, if charged, will be based on defect or defects inspection as set forth in the safety equipment repair order certification procedures. However, an additional fee may not be charged for the reinspection of those defects which may be visually inspected and do not require the use of test or inspection equipment. Safety Equipment Repair Order Certification Procedures. A fee for certification of defects on a safety equipment repair order may be charged as follows and based on the prevailing hourly labor flat rate at the authorized inspection station. Those defects which can be merged shall be charged at the single highest rate, for example, tires and steering, 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate, or tires and wheel alignment, 0.3 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate. The inspection fee for multiple defects which can be merged may not be higher than the highest single time increment. Those which cannot be merged may be charged separately provided the total inspection fee is not exceeded. An inspection fee may not be charged for the certification of a SERO with defects which may be visually inspected. These defects are noted with an asterisk on the SERO and do not require the use of test or inspection equipment. The licensee may establish a fee for certification of a SERO which cannot be visually inspected based on the following fee charged for inspections: Defect #50 brakes: Vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR with dual wheels — 1.5 hours of the facility's hourly labor flat rate per axle for removing each wheel and inspecting the brakes on each axle; Vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR with single wheels — 0.5 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate per axle for removing each wheel and inspecting the brakes on each axle; and All other vehicles requiring wheel removal — 0.5 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate per axle for removing each wheel and inspecting the brakes on each axle. Other defects: Defect #51 tires — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #52 steering — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #53 exhaust system — 0.3 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #54 windshield wipers*; Defect #55 headlights* — 0.3 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate to check for aim; and an additional 0.1 hour may be added if adjustment is needed; Defect #56 taillights*; Defect #57 horn*; Defect #58 driver's seat — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #59 suspension/shocks — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #60 bumper or bumpers*; Defect #61 glass* tint — 0.2 hour of the facility’s hourly labor flat rate to test the light transmittance of windows equipped with post manufacture window tint and required to have at least 35 percent light transmittance; Defect #62 load cover*; Defect #64 stop lights*; Defect #65 tag light or lights*; Defect #66 dash lights*; Defect #67 wheel alignment — 0.3 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #68 rearview mirrors*; Defect #69 door latch or door handle*; Defect #70 fuel system — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate, except cap*; Defect #71 turn signals*; Defect #72 wheel or wheel lugs — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #73 hood catch or hood catches*; Defect #74 floor/trunk pan or pans — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #76 fenders or flaps*; Defect #77 speedometer/odometer — 0.2 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #78 hazard warning lamps*; Defect #79 parking lamps*; Defect #80 side marker lamps*; Defect #81 fog/auxiliary lamps — 0.3 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #82 emergency warning lamps*; Defect #83 back-up lamp or lamps*; Defect #84 reflectors*; Defect #85 external air brake components — 0.3 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #86 low air warning device*; Defect #87 clearance lamp*; Defect #88 identification lamps*; Defect #89 safety belts — 0.3 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; Defect #90 lift axle air/weight ratio — 0.5 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate; and Defect #91 diesel emission — 0.5 hour of the facility's hourly labor flat rate. Agency Note : Before use of the station’s window tint meter is permitted and a fee is charged to inspect regulated windows equipped with post manufacture window tint, the vehicle must first be compliant with all other post manufacture window tinting regulations under this subtitle. The inspection and certification for the defect "tint” not requiring the use of a window tint meter shall be performed without charge and only by an authorized inspection station approved to inspect that class of vehicle. Any class of authorized inspection station open to the public may certify any defect on a safety equipment repair order which is indicated as visually certifiable. Defects which can be visually certified are indicated by an asterisk after the defect on a safety equipment repair order. A request for an inspection fee increase shall be justified to the satisfaction of the Division before being charged. Inspection fee increases shall be approved by the Division. Requests to increase the inspection fee shall be submitted to the Division on the approved form. To enable the Division to determine the ability of each authorized inspection station to continue to conduct inspections and make corrections to equipment, each authorized inspection station shall maintain on their premises, adequate records in strict numerical sequence and as otherwise required by the Division. These records shall be available to the Division and other police officers during normal working hours. The inspection certificates and the Division's vehicle inspection reports shall be maintained for at least 8 months from the date of issuance and safety equipment repair orders and certifications for at least 2 years from the date of certification. Post manufacture window tint inspection reports and medical exemption forms shall be maintained by authorized inspection stations as required by the Division. These records shall include: Inspection certificates issued; Safety equipment repair order certifications filed numerically by calendar year; Two-part vehicle inspection reports, for the appropriate vehicle classes, signed by the registered inspection mechanics who performed the inspections; Two-part post manufacture window tint inspection reports, completed and signed by the registered inspection mechanics who performed the inspections of post manufacture window tint applied to regulated windows of vehicles; and Post manufacture window tint medical exemption forms issued by the Division. The two-part vehicle inspection report shall be printed in black ink and made from carbonless paper, so that the second part shall have the exact information on it as the first part. The original of the two part vehicle inspection report shall be white in color and the carbonless copy shall be yellow in color. The inspection report shall be completed in black ink. The original of the report shall be maintained at the inspection station and the copy shall be given to the vehicle owner, owner's agent, or the dealer. The vehicle inspection report shall: Contain the name, complete address, and phone number of the owner, owner's agent, or dealer requesting the vehicle inspection; Contain the year, make, model, and serial number or manufacturer's vehicle identification number (VIN) as obtained from the vehicle and indicate any information relevant to possible tampering with a serial number plate; Indicate the inspection station assigned number; Contain the date of initial inspection which shall include the name of the month, a two-digit date, and the year (for example, June 04, 2011); Indicate the odometer reading at the time of inspection on the applicable vehicles; Indicate whether equipment required to be inspected meets established safety standards; Indicate wheels or drums removed for inspection; Indicate the measurements and minimum specifications of brake discs and maximum specifications of brake drums; Indicate brake lining or pad thickness measurements at the thinnest point above the rivet head on riveted lining or the thinnest point on bonded lining; Indicate ball joint or king pin play measurements obtained by use of a ball joint checker. If no play is present, a zero will be sufficient. If the vehicle is equipped with wear-indicating ball joints, note this on the vehicle inspection report; Indicate a “P” for headlight alignment that passes, or an “F” for headlight alignment that fails, in the block for headlight readings obtained by use of a Division-approved headlight tester before adjustments are made; and Indicate the work order number from a preprinted numbered internal work order that cross-references the initial inspection and any repair work performed by the inspection station related to the inspection. Initial inspections and any repair work performed by the inspection station related to the inspection shall be documented on a preprinted numbered internal work order. Permission shall be obtained from the vehicle owner or agent before any repair resulting from an inspection is performed at the authorized inspection station. If any such repair work over $50 is necessary, this permission should be in writing. All the requirements of the auto repair facilities law, Commercial Law Article, Title 14, Subtitle 10, Annotated Code of Maryland, shall be complied with by each authorized inspection station. The inspection station shall give the owner, the owner's agent, or the dealer the completed carbonless copy of the two-part vehicle inspection report, and on reinspection shall indicate on the original report whether the equipment has been repaired and meets established safety standards. The two-part post manufacture window tint inspection report shall be printed in black ink and made from carbonless paper, so that the second part shall have the exact information on it as the first part. The original shall be white in color and the carbonless copy shall be yellow in color. The inspection report shall be completed in black ink. The post manufacture window tint inspection report shall be completed as required by the Division and shall: Contain the date of inspection which shall include the name of the month, a two-digit date, and the year (for example, June 04, 2011); Contain, when applicable, the corresponding inspection certificate number or safety equipment repair order number; Contain the year, make, model, and serial number or manufacturer's vehicle identification number (VIN) as obtained from the vehicle; Contain the name, address, and phone number of the owner, owner's agent, or the dealer requesting the vehicle inspection; Indicate the percentage of light transmittance of each regulated window containing post manufacture vehicle window tint; Indicate in the appropriate (Pass / Fail) box the results of the post manufacture window tint inspection; Contain the written signature and legibly printed name of the registered inspection mechanic who performed the inspection; and Contain the name, address, station number, and classification of the authorized inspection station using a legible stamp and black ink. Upon completion of the post manufacture window tint inspection report, the original of the report shall be maintained at the inspection station as required by the Division and the carbonless copy shall be given to the vehicle owner, owner's agent, or the dealer for their records. The post manufacture window tint medical exemption form shall be established and issued only by the Division for the purpose of providing notification and documentation to an authorized inspection station performing an inspection of a vehicle that: Is owned by a person who must be protected from the sun for medical reasons and has been determined by the Division that the owner has met the medical exemption requirements established in Transportation Article, §22-406, Annotated Code of Maryland; and Excluding the light transmittance requirement, is compliant with all other post manufacture window tinting regulations under this subtitle. The post manufacture window tint medical exemption form issued by the Division shall be maintained by the authorized inspection station as required by the Division. The Division may require the licensee to maintain certain other administrative records pertaining to the inspection process. A Maryland manufacturer, second-stage manufacturer, or authorized dealer as specified under COMAR 11.15.27 who certifies safety equipment repair orders for lift axle air/weight ratio for dump service registration vehicles shall maintain safety equipment repair orders for at least 2 years. These safety equipment repair order certifications shall be filed numerically for each calendar year. Recording VIN. Under §B(2) of this regulation, if a vehicle has more than one VIN, the registered mechanic shall, if the numbers are obtainable, record each VIN on the inspection certificate and the vehicle inspection report. On vehicles classified as homemade trailers, the VIN plate shall be attached to the outside of the left portion of the trailer tongue as near as possible to the front of the trailer body. If this is not practical, the plate shall be attached to the outside of the left side rail of the frame as near as possible to the front of the trailer. The plate shall be attached with rivets. The following may be cause for revocation, suspension, or refusal of an authorized inspection station license: Failure to maintain any of the standards or requirements set forth in these regulations; Failure to notify the Division of personnel, physical plant, or equipment changes; Failure to maintain required records; Change in ownership, partnership, corporate representatives, or trade name; Change in location of the facility or inspection area; Failure to maintain inspection tools and test equipment in proper working condition; Violation of any provision or requirement of these regulations, or violation of any part of Transportation Article, Title 23, Subtitle 1, Annotated Code of Maryland. An inspection is required when a used vehicle is sold or ownership is transferred or when a used vehicle is to be titled and registered in the State. As requested by a vehicle owner, owner's agent, or dealer, a certified inspection mechanic at an inspection station shall perform a complete inspection, as set forth in this subtitle. An inspection is not required for: Sales or transfers of used vehicles to a licensed or foreign dealer; Sales or transfers accompanied by a signed statement by the purchaser or transferee that the sale or transfer is made for the purpose of rebuilding, as defined in Regulation .01B(27) of this chapter, or dismantling the vehicle; Transfers between spouses or between former spouses when the transfer occurs as a result of a settlement or court order predating the divorce; Transfers between parent and child or child and parent; Transfers of co-owned vehicles when a co-owner's name is being removed from the title; Sales or transfers of used vehicles which are not to be both titled and registered in the State; Transfers of used vehicles among State agencies; Transfers of used vehicles as described in Transportation Article, §13-503.2, Annotated Code of Maryland; The transfer of a used vehicle into a written inter vivos trust in which the transferor is the primary beneficiary; or The transfer of a used island vehicle, as defined in Transportation Article, §13-935, Annotated Code of Maryland, registered, or to be registered, as a Class K (farm area/island) vehicle. Either the transferor or the transferee may obtain required inspection certificates for vehicles registered or to be registered as: Class E (truck) over 3/4 ton manufacturer's rated capacity; Class F (tractor); or Class G (freight trailer or semitrailer). If a used vehicle is transferred other than by voluntary transfer or is transferred by a political subdivision of the State after that subdivision obtains the vehicle by proceedings pursuant to Criminal Procedure Article, Title 12, Annotated Code of Maryland, the transferee shall obtain the inspection certificate from an authorized inspection station. Upon successful completion of an inspection, the registered inspection mechanic who performed the inspection shall issue a prenumbered inspection certificate before the vehicle leaves the premises. The inspection certificate shall be completed in black ink and: Contain the serial number or manufacturer's identification number (vehicle identification number) obtained from the vehicle; Contain the make, type, year, and current odometer reading of the vehicle when applicable; Contain the name, address, station number, and classification of the authorized inspection station using a legible stamp and black ink; Contain a certification date which shall include the name of the month, a two-digit date, and the year, for example, January 02, 2010, or March 23, 2012; Contain the written signature and legibly printed name of the registered inspection mechanic who performed the inspection; and Be distributed as follows: The original copy of the certificate shall be furnished to the vehicle owner, dealer, or agent; The purchaser's copy shall be given to the owner, dealer, or agent who shall deliver this copy to the purchaser upon transfer of ownership of the vehicle; Inspection station copy shall be maintained as required by Regulation .11 of this chapter; and Additional instructions are on the reverse side of the copies of the inspection certificate. If the original inspection certificate is lost, damaged, or contains incorrect or illegible information and a duplicate certificate is necessary, the following will apply: A duplicate certificate may only be issued by the inspection mechanic who issued the original certificate unless authorized otherwise by the Division; Except for corrections, a duplicate certificate shall contain exactly the same date, odometer reading, and all other pertinent information as the original certificate; and When possible, the original certificate and all copies will be marked VOID, cross-referenced with the duplicate certificate and filed as required by Regulation .11 of this chapter. Inspection certificates will be issued to each authorized inspection station by the Division. Inspection certificates shall remain valid for 90 calendar days from the date the inspection certificate is issued. An inspection certificate issued for a used vehicle owned and held in inventory by a dealer licensed under Transportation Article, Title 15, Annotated Code of Maryland, shall remain valid for 6 months or 1,000 miles from the date the inspection certificate was issued, whichever occurs first. A vehicle titled and registered with the Administration may be transferred and retitled to another owner within 30 days from the date of the last inspection without requiring a reinspection. The vehicle owner or his agent shall present the No. 3, 4, and 5 copies of the safety equipment repair order to an authorized inspection station. The registered inspection mechanic shall inspect as set forth in the Vehicle Inspection Handbook, or as directed by the Division, only those defects indicated on the repair order to determine if the defects have been corrected and meet or exceed established safety standards. Inspection mechanics who are presented with a fictitious safety equipment repair order as defined in Regulation .01B(13) of this chapter, shall complete an inspection of only those defects indicated on the fictitious safety equipment repair order in accordance with established procedures and in a manner identical to an actual repair order. If the defects have been corrected and meet or exceed established safety standards, the registered inspection mechanic shall certify the safety equipment repair order using the method prescribed for inspection certificates contained in Regulation .15A(3)—(5) of this chapter, in the space provided and copies shall be distributed as follows: Number 3 (inspection station/police department) copy — retained and filed as required by Regulation .11 of this chapter; Number 4 (owner/agent) copy — returned to the vehicle owner or the owner's agent for his records; and Number 5 (State Police compliance copy) — returned to the vehicle owner or the owner's agent to be forwarded to the Division. Important instructions for the vehicle owner and authorized inspection station are on the reverse sides of the owner's and inspection station copies. If a notice of suspension is presented for certification, the procedures set forth in §A of this regulation will apply and the copies shall be distributed as follows: Letter (white) copy — returned to vehicle owner/agent to be forwarded to the Division; Yellow (inspection station/police department) copy — retained on file as required by §A(1) of this regulation; and Goldenrod (owner/agent) copy — returned to vehicle owner/agent. A dump service registration vehicle registered under COMAR 11.15.27 that receives a safety equipment repair order for an inaccurate lift axle air/weight ratio shall be inspected during normal business hours by: A Maryland manufacturer; A Maryland second-stage manufacturer; An authorized dealer; or A State-operated weight facility. A vehicle owner or the vehicle owner's agent receiving a safety equipment repair order under COMAR 11.15.27.08C shall present for certification the No. 3, 4, and 5 copies of the safety equipment repair order to: A Maryland manufacturer; A Maryland second-stage manufacturer; An authorized dealer; or A State-operated weight facility. A diesel vehicle as defined in COMAR 11.21.02.01 that receives a safety equipment repair order for violating emissions standards under COMAR 11.21.02.06 shall be inspected during normal operating hours by: A Maryland emissions inspector; or A diesel emissions retester in Maryland as prescribed in COMAR 11.21.02.08. A vehicle owner or owner's agent receiving a safety equipment repair order under COMAR 11.21.02 shall present for certification copies 3, 4, and 5 of the safety equipment repair order to a: Maryland emissions inspector; or A diesel emissions retester in Maryland as prescribed in COMAR 11.21.02.08. Whenever the owner of a vehicle fails to comply with a safety equipment repair order within the time prescribed by law, a notice of suspension of the registration plates shall be issued. Whenever the owner of a vehicle fails to comply with a notice of suspension which requires the registration plates to be returned to the Administration within 10 days, a tag pick up order shall be issued. The registration plates are subject to confiscation by a police officer, as defined in Transportation Article, §23-101(g), Annotated Code of Maryland, following procedures established by the Division, and shall be forwarded to the Administration upon confiscation. The Administration shall retain the confiscated registration plates until the suspension is rescinded. Upon satisfactory proof of correction of defective equipment, the Maryland State Police shall notify the Administration, and registration plates shall be released or issued to the owner of the vehicle. Complaints of violations of these regulations will be investigated by the Division. If the investigation reveals a violation which warrants an administrative hearing, all parties shall be afforded an opportunity for a hearing after reasonable notice. A hearing held as a result of a violation which warrants emergency suspension shall be conducted in accordance with State Government Article, Title 10, Subtitle 2, Annotated Code of Maryland, and COMAR 29.01.01. If a person fails to appear for a hearing scheduled for alleged violations of the Transportation Article, Maryland Vehicle Law, Annotated Code of Maryland, or any of the regulations duly promulgated, and has notice of the hearing given by the Division pursuant to the provisions of §§B and D of this regulation, the Division may revoke, suspend, or cancel the authorized inspection station license or the inspection mechanic's registration. Emergency suspension hearings and hearings on other violations resulting in the imposition of administrative penalties that are not accepted may be appealed to the Office of Administrative Hearings in accordance with State Government Article, §10-205, Annotated Code of Maryland. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 23-101—23-109, and 24-106.1, Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: November, 1965 Chapter revised effective March 7, 1980 (7:5 Md. R. 475) Chapter revised effective October 31, 1988 (15:22 Md. R. 2556) Regulation .01B amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686); October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .03 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .04 amended effective October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .04A amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .05A and C amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .06 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .07 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .07C amended effective October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .07H adopted effective October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .08 repealed effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .09 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .10 amended effective October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .10F—I amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .11 amended effective October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .11B amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .15D, E adopted effective October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .16B amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Chapter revised effective March 23, 1998 (25:6 Md. R. 488) Regulation .01B adopted as an emergency provision effective January 1, 2006 (33:4 Md. R. 349); emergency provision extended at 33:15 Md. R. 1275; emergency status expired December 28, 2006 Regulation .01B amended effective March 27, 2006 (33:6 Md. R. 579) Regulation .01B amended as an emergency provision effective March 9, 2007 (34:9 Md. R. 824); emergency provision expired September 5, 2007 Regulation .01B amended effective September 10, 2007 (34:18 Md. R. 1580) Regulation .04D adopted effective July 10, 2000 (27:13 Md. R. 1212) Regulation .09 amended effective March 27, 2006 (33:6 Md. R. 579) Regulation .10L amended effective July 10, 2000 (27:13 Md. R. 1212) Regulation .16F, G adopted effective July 10, 2000 (27:13 Md. R. 1212) Chapter revised effective February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) The standards, requirements and procedures set forth in this chapter are applicable to equipment originally installed by the manufacturer or required by federal or State requirements on passenger cars, taxicabs, light trucks 10,000 pounds and under GVWR, vans, multipurpose passenger vehicles with a chassis capacity up to 10,000 pounds, and type II school vehicles. Any questions regarding passenger cars, taxicabs, light trucks, vans, multipurpose passenger vehicles with a chassis capacity up to 10,000 pounds, and type II school vehicle standards or specifications shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Maryland State Police. Any person constructing or reconstructing these types of vehicles shall assure the vehicle meets or exceeds all applicable federal or State safety standards. Three-wheel multipurpose vehicles which have an enclosed occupant compartment shall meet all established minimum standards for four-wheel multipurpose vehicles with the exception of headlamps. If a three-wheel multipurpose vehicle which has an enclosed occupant compartment is constructed with one wheel in the front and the design of the vehicle's body is such that two headlamps are impractical, one headlamp meeting established minimum standards for motorcycles will be acceptable if the vehicle is equipped with parking lamps, turn signal lamps, and side marker lamps, as required, which adequately indicate the extreme width of the vehicle front and rear. Vehicles specially constructed as an exact replica of a previously manufactured vehicle, which have been designated or otherwise would qualify as an historic vehicle or a vehicle of unique interest as defined by the Motor Vehicle Administration for registration of these original vehicles, shall meet all applicable established minimum standards for vehicles of the same model year in which the vehicle is actually constructed and titled with the following exceptions: Regulation 10A(2)(c), side marker lamps: If the original counterpart of the specially constructed vehicle was manufactured without side marker lamps, side marker lamps are not required on the exact replica; Regulation .08A: If the original counterpart of the specially constructed vehicle was manufactured without fenders or with fenders which do not meet current established minimum standards, the specially constructed vehicle need only conform to the exact design of its original counterpart to meet the requirements for fenders; Regulation .07A: If the original counterpart of the specially constructed vehicle was manufactured without bumpers, with concealed bumpers, or with bumpers which do not meet current established minimum standards, the specially constructed vehicle need only conform to the exact design of its original counterpart to meet the requirements for bumpers; Regulation .10A(1)(c)(iv), red high mounted stop lamp: If the original counterpart of the specially constructed vehicle was manufactured without a red high mounted stop lamp, a red high mounted stop lamp is not required on the exact replica; and The Division Commander may authorize in writing a waiver of additional inspection requirements to be consistent with the original vehicle counterpart. Steering. Inspect the entire steering system including steering wheel, steering column, lash, linkage, free play, and power steering for missing, loose, damaged, or worn parts. Steering Wheel. The steering wheel shall be inspected to determine if it is circular (complete rim) and free of cracks, breaks, or objects which will interfere with the safe steering of the vehicle. The inspection will also be to determine that the steering wheel is original equipment or equivalent, including diameter. Energy Absorbing Steering Column. To determine if the components are capable of functioning as designed, a careful inspection shall be performed, and include any objects on the steering column. An external examination of either shear pins or collapsible mesh-type material shall also be performed. Lash. Travel. Linkage. Power Steering. Figure 2 STEERING LASH OR FREE PLAY. Wheel Alignment. There are five basic factors which are the foundations to front wheel alignment: caster, camber, toe-in, steering axis inclination, and toe-out on turns. All are mechanically adjustable except steering axis inclination and toe-out on turns. Overall front wheel alignment can be somewhat grossly indicated by measurement of front wheel toe. Excessive toe-in or toe-out is a general indication that a complete check should be made of all front wheel alignment factors. Rear wheel misalignment on vehicles with fixed rear suspension can be caused by broken or damaged springs, trailing rods, or center bolts and improper toe or camber adjustment on vehicles with independent rear suspension. If during road test there are no undesirable steering or handling reactions, caster and camber check is not necessary. Caster. Caster is the forward or backward tilt, from vertical of the spindle support arm at the top. Improper caster can cause hard steering, low speed shimmy, wander, and brake pull problems. Camber. Camber is the inward or outward tilt of the top of the wheel from vertical. Improper camber can cause erratic tire wear problems, hard steering, and wander. Rear Wheel Alignment. Figure 6 CASTER ANGLES. Suspension. Inspect the suspension system for missing, broken, damaged, worn, rusted, or modified wheel bearings, ball joints, control arms, springs, torsion bars or frame that would affect vehicle stability. Ball Joints. In checking for motion of ball joints, check in accordance with manufacturer's specifications, keep in mind that the load carrying joint is unloaded in procedures(a) and (b), and that a pry bar pressure sufficient only to lift the weight of the wheel assembly is required. If the inspector uses the “leverage” of a pry bar to exert excessive pressure, he can easily force an apparent ball joint movement and get a false reading. This may result in expensive replacement of perfectly good joints. Therefore, only a 12-inch to 18-inch pry bar should be used. Ball joints should be properly lubricated before inspection. Ball Joints. Inspection of ball joints on models before 1973 shall be performed with the joints unloaded. Beginning with some 1973 models, however, some manufacturers provide a wear-indicating ball joint to facilitate inspection in which case a visual inspection is made with joints loaded. Ball Joints. Inspection of nonload carrying ball joints shall also be performed with the joints unloaded. With the vehicle properly jacked, inspect for any noticeable looseness. (See Figures 8 and 9) King Pin or Spindle Bolts. Inspection of king pins or spindle bolts shall be made to determine if there are any missing, broken or worn parts that may affect the steering or suspension of the vehicle. Wheel Bearings. Wheel bearings out of adjustment can cause wander, unequal brake action, and noise due to interference of parts. Wheel bearings should be properly lubricated prior to inspection. Springs and Torsion Bars. Loose, sagging, or broken springs or torsion bars, worn or deteriorated bushings, loose or extended shackles and loose or mislocated U-bolts, suspension modifications or broken center bolts, can cause vehicle handling instability and brake pull. Shock Absorbers/Shock Struts. Figure 8 BALL JOINT JACKING PROCEDURE — HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT. Service Brake Performance Tests. Road tests and visual procedures. Service brake tests shall be conducted on a substantially level, dry, hard, smooth surface road or area that is free from loose material, oil, or grease. Using the service brake only, the stopping ability of the vehicle shall be tested by one of the following methods: Station test and visual inspection procedures. Before attempting inspection by this method, the inspector should be trained and experienced in the use of the equipment and the equipment must have adequate capacity. Dynamic Brake Inspection. This test is for stations equipped with a roller-type brake dynamometer. The rollers should be dry, smooth, and free of oil or grease. The machine indicates both braking effort and imbalance. Brakes on front and rear axles are evaluated separately. Hydraulic System. Tests and visual inspection procedures. Recommended for inspection programs which must accommodate a large volume of vehicles. Results will indicate whether or not a vehicle has reasonably safe brakes at the time of inspection. The engine shall be running when checking vehicles with power assisted hydraulic systems. These procedures are applicable to vehicles equipped with hand controls for the physically handicapped. At least one front and one opposite rear wheel shall be removed for brake inspection. When any deficiency is noted upon inspection of a wheel pulled, the other wheel on the same axle shall also be pulled for complete brake inspection. Always inspect a brake assembly which shows evidence of leaking fluid or grease. Do not remove wheel cylinder dust boots for inspection. Leakage can be determined by pushing on the outside of the boot. Drums and Discs. Many of today's vehicles have a combination of disc (caliper) type brakes on the front wheels and drum-type brakes on the rear wheels. On vehicles equipped with disc brakes some drag can be felt when turning the wheel and tire. This drag is not excessive if the wheel can be turned readily with both hands. Annually all wheels and brake drums shall be removed for brake inspection on type II school vehicles. Linings and Pads. Remove at least one front and one rear wheel and drum assembly on opposite sides for inspection of linings on drum brakes. On vehicles equipped with disc brakes, only removal of the wheel is necessary. When any deficiency is noted in the linings or pads on the wheel pulled, the linings or pads for the other wheel on the same axle shall also be inspected. Mechanical Linkage. Includes the service brake mechanism, parking brake, and manual controls on vehicles equipped for physically handicapped persons. Vacuum/Hydraulic Booster System. Parking Brake. Parking Brake Function. Parking brakes on most vehicles function through at least one set of the rear service brake shoes. A few vehicles have disc-type service brakes on all four wheels which makes it necessary to have separate drums for the parking brakes. These drums and linings shall be inspected in a manner similar to that for service drum brakes. Any parking brake shall hold a stopped vehicle firmly on all normal road grades. Brake Performance Chart. This deceleration as measured in brake tests cannot be used to compute the values in column 4 because it is not sustained at the same rate over the entire period of the stop. The deceleration increases from zero to a maximum during a period of brake system application and brake force build-up. Also, other factors may cause the deceleration to decrease after reaching a maximum. The added distance which results because a maximum deceleration is not sustained is included in the figures in column 4 but is not indicated by usual brake testing devices for checking deceleration. There is a definite mathematical relationship between the figures in columns 2 and 3. If the decelerations set forth in column 3 are divided by 32.2 feet per second per second, the column 2 figures will be obtained. (For example, 17 divided by 32.2 gives 52.8 percent.) Column 2 is included in the tabulation because certain brake testing devices utilize this factor. The decelerations in column 3 are an indication of the effectiveness of the basic brakes and, as measured in practical brake testing, are the maximum braking decelerations attained at sometime during the stop. The distances in column 4 and the decelerations in column 3 are not directly related. Brake system “application and braking distance in feet” (column 4) is a definite measure of the overall effectiveness of the braking system, being the distance traveled between the point at which the driver starts to move the braking controls and the point at which the vehicle comes to rest. It includes distance traveled while the brakes are being applied and the distance traveled while the brakes are retarding the vehicle. The distance traveled during the period of brake system application and brake force build-up varies with vehicle type, being negligible for many passenger cars and greatest for combinations of commercial vehicles. This fact accounts for the variation from 20 to 40 feet in the numerical values in column 4 for the various classes of vehicles. The deceleration requirement in column 3 is the same for all classifications of vehicles except for passenger vehicles, not including buses, because brakes on vehicles in the second, third and fourth classifications are all capable with reasonable maintenance of producing the designated deceleration as measured by brake testing devices. A higher deceleration requirement is warranted for passenger cars in view of United States Department of Transportation/Federal Highway Administration Test Data. Decelerometers. The method of brake system application and braking distance is not to be confused with the distance indicated by the inertia-type decelerometer and other existing brake testers, which often are purported wrongly to measure the vehicle stopping distance. The pendulum and U-tube decelerometers used for brake testing are instruments scaled to read deceleration or equivalent braking force (sometimes referred to as brake efficiency) in percentages. The principle of the pendulum-type decelerometer is that a pendulum on a vehicle moving at a uniform speed will assume a vertical position. When the vehicle speed is reduced by application of the brakes, the pendulum will swing forward to an angle away from the vertical. The tangent of the angle through which the pendulum moves is directly proportional to the deceleration. Basically, the U-tube fluid-type instrument is a closed glass tube formed in the shape of a U. When vehicle speed is reduced by braking, the inertia of the fluid causes the level in the glass tube to fall. The distance the level of the liquid falls is proportional to the deceleration in feet per second per second, which is read from a scale on the front part of the glass tube. The vehicle will normally pitch because the lines of action of the inertia and braking forces are different. In order to minimize erroneous responses, the decelerometer, if used, should be put as close to the center of the vehicle as practical. Brake Testing Machines. These types of brakes testers measure braking force at each wheel. The effectiveness of the brake testers that measure braking force in the testing of vehicles other than passenger vehicles or light trucks is very questionable. The dimensions of these brake testers do not permit practical and reliable testing on combination vehicles. Use should therefore be restricted to two-axle vehicles. The simulated road surface of these machines will occasionally exhibit much higher coefficients of friction than is possible on the highway. Excessive braking should therefore be avoided, because braking distribution information is distorted. For drive-on-and-stop test machines, the vehicle is driven on the pads at speeds of 4 to 8 mph. When the brakes are applied at the time the vehicle is moving on the pads, the braking effort at each wheel causes a proportionate movement of the pad against the measuring system. The braking force on the pads is measured by indicating or recording instruments. The roller-type brake testing machine has powered rollers that turn the individual wheels while the brakes are applied in order to measure the brake force developed. Test Wheel Equipment. Any type of fifth or test wheel equipment can be used, provided it obtains the following results: It shall measure the distance within plus or minus 3 percent of the values obtained by the “hot-shot” method, which uses an electrically fired gun. The road speed of the test wheel shall be measured with a speedometer designed to hold the indicating hand at the speed from which the stop is initiated. The speedometer shall indicate the speed to within plus or minus 2 percent of the speed timed with a stopwatch over a measured mile. Definitions. “Brake system” means a combination of one or more brakes and their related means of operation and control. “Deceleration” means the rate of reduction of the speed of the vehicle, expressed in feet per second per second. “Equivalent braking ratio” means the percentage ratio of the sum of retarding forces developed by each braked wheel to the “as tested” gross weight of the vehicle or combination. “Emergency brake system” means a brake system used for retarding and stopping the vehicle in the event of a malfunction in the service brake system. (This function may be performed by the parking brake system or by a portion of the service brake system, or by a separate brake system.) “Parking brake system” means a brake system used to hold and maintain a vehicle in a stationary position. (A positive mechanical means is employed to hold the brake applied when the vehicle is unattended.) “Pedal reserve” as applied to hydraulic, mechanical or power-assisted hydraulic brakes, means the amount of total pedal travel left in reserve when the pedal is depressed to the brake-applied position. (The purpose of the pedal reserve check is to ascertain the degree of the brake adjustment and to demonstrate satisfactory brake actuating system condition.) “Service brake system” means a brake system used for retarding, stopping, and controlling the vehicle under normal operating conditions. “Stopping distance” means the distance traveled by a vehicle from the point of application of force to the brake control, to the point at which the vehicle reaches a full stop. Figure 16, TIRE CONSTRUCTION . Figure 17, TIRE WEAR. Reference is made to the figures in additional wheel and tire information for visual aid in determining tire wear. This inspection is visual. The fuel system includes the fuel tank, fuel pump, and necessary piping to carry the fuel from the tank to the carburetor or to the injection system. The engine shall be running when inspecting this system for leaks. The exhaust system includes the exhaust manifold and all piping leading from the flange of the exhaust manifold, to and including the muffler, resonator, and the tail piping. Bumpers shall be inspected for broken or missing parts, abnormal protrusions, sharp edges, or conditions that could be hazardous to persons. The bumpers shall be securely mounted to the vehicle and be capable of absorbing a reasonable degree of impact. They shall be the original equipment or equivalent and extend the full width of the vehicle. Bumper extensions or modifications to compensate for suspension changes are not acceptable. Bumper height shall be no higher than 20 inches for Class A passenger vehicles and no higher than 28 inches for Class E light trucks or Class M multipurpose passenger vehicles. Fender inspection shall include condition, mounting, and coverage of wheels and tires. Rear fenders are defined as the rear quarter panel of vehicle from the rearmost door opening rearward and from the window or trunk, or both, opening downward to the extreme bottom edge. Figure 19 FENDERS. Body exterior components and sheet metal parts, if damaged or dislocated so that they project from the vehicle to present a safety hazard to occupants, pedestrians, or other vehicles, may be cause for rejection of the vehicle. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: (1) Protruding Metal. Inspect for torn metal parts, moldings, rub rails, etc., which may protrude from vehicle. (1) (a) Body components and sheet metal are subject to rejection if a condition exists which is hazardous to occupants, pedestrians, or other vehicles. (b) Torn metal, broken glass, or other loose or dislocated parts protrude from the surface of the vehicle which is hazardous to occupants, pedestrians, or other vehicles. General Lamp and Reflector Inspection. This includes all original equipment, exterior lighting plus whatever lights are authorized. Preparation for Headlamp Aim Inspection. Preparation for headlamp and aim inspection to be done by owner of vehicle before inspection. Frame leveling is done at the station. Any one of the items listed below can affect the inspection results causing rejection of the vehicle. To prevent this and reduce inspection time, the inspector should have the first four of these items checked before inspection. Headlamps. Vehicle shall be equipped with either a dual headlighting system consisting of four 5-3/4 inch diameter units, two of which shall be No. 1 and two of which shall be No. 2; or four 6-1/2 × 4-1/4 inch rectangular units, two of which shall be No. 1A and two of which shall be No. 2A; or four 5.93 × 3.64 inch rectangular-type F units, two of which shall be LF units and two of which shall be UF units; or a single headlighting system consisting of two 7 inch units; or two 8 × 5 inch rectangular units; or an approved bulb and reflector-type system. All units bearing the marking No. 2 shall be inspected and aimed on low beam. All bearing the marking No. 1 or no number will be inspected and aimed on high beam. Headlamp inspection and aiming by the photoelectric-optical method requires a level area sufficient for the vehicle and test equipment. The test equipment shall be accurately calibrated to the floor and accurately aligned to the vehicle. Additional lighting information is contained in §§F, G, and H (limits are in inches at 25 feet). Labeling requirements for sealed beam headlamps manufactured on or after July 1, 1979: 5-3/4 inch type 1-1C1, type 2-2C1; 6-1/2 inch × 4-1/4 inch type 1A-1A1, type 2A-2A1; 7 inch type 2-2D1; 8 inch × 5 inch type 2B-2B1; type F 5.93 inch by 3.64 inch—low beam—LF, high beam—UF. Type F units require special aimer adapter and must be aimed in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended procedures. Bulb and reflector-type headlamps currently approved contain a 9004 Sylvania bulb in a normal reflector unit or an H-4 bulb in a sealed reflector unit. Sealed reflector units contain a glass bubble which encases the bulb when in place, which can be detected by removing the bulb and determining if the bubble exists. High Beam. Low Beam. Inspect the low beam headlamp in the same method indicated as for high beam. Always inspect the following sealed beam units on low beam only: 5-3/4 inch diameter or 4-1/4 × 6-1/2 inch rectangular units marked type 2 or type 2A and 7 inch diameter or 8 × 5 inch rectangular marked type 2 or 2B. Figure 23 HEADLAMPS. Headlamp (Applicable to Type II School Vehicles Only). In order to compensate for the various conditions of loading encountered during inspection, the frame or body floor will be made level before checking. This will provide a standard condition for inspecting all vehicles and may be accomplished by using a combination of blocks under the rear wheels or a lifting device (jack) or both for the front end. A spirit level may be placed on the frame side member. Place vehicle in a darkened location of sufficient size for the vehicle and an additional 25 feet from lamps to screen. An approved marked screen and adequate test area are required. Level the vehicle frame as described in §C(1). The vehicle shall be located accurately in front of the screen. Inspect the low beam headlamp in the same method indicated as for high beam. Always inspect the following sealed beam units on low beam only: 5-3/4 inch diameter or 6-1/2 × 4-1/4 inch rectangular units marked type 2 or 2A and 7 inch diameter or 8 × 5 inch rectangular units marked 2 or 2B. Figure 24 AIMING SCREEN BEAM PATTERN — HIGH BEAM. Fog Lamp and Auxiliary Driving Lamps. (A spot lamp is not considered an auxiliary driving lamp and has no set mounting height by law. Therefore, they need not be inspected.) If a vehicle is equipped with either fog lamps or auxiliary driving lamps they shall be properly aimed. Fog lamps shall be mounted on the front of the vehicle at a height not more than 30 inches or less than 12 inches above the level surface on which a vehicle stands. Only two fog lamps are allowed by law. Auxiliary driving lamps shall be mounted on the front of the vehicle at a height not more than 42 inches or less than 16 inches above the level surface on which the vehicle stands. Only two auxiliary lamps are allowed by law. The mounting heights of auxiliary driving lamps do not apply to emergency vehicles. Whenever a motor vehicle equipped with required headlamps also is equipped with any auxiliary lamps or a spot lamp or any other lamp on its front, projecting a beam of intensity greater than 300 candlepower, not more than four of these lamps on the front of a vehicle may be lighted at any one time when on a highway. Definitions. “Asymmetrical beam (nonsymmetrical)” means one in which both sides are not symmetrical with respect to the median vertical plane of the beam. All lower beams are asymmetrical. “Back-up” lamp means a lamp used to provide illumination behind the vehicle, and to provide an indicator when the vehicle is in reverse gear. “Cornering lamp” means a steadily burning lamp used when the turn signal system is operating to supplement the headlamps by providing additional road illumination in the direction of the turn. “Driving lamp” means an auxiliary lamp or lamps that may be used to supplement the upper beam of the regular headlamps. “Emergency warning lamp” means a lamp which provides a flashing light to identify an authorized vehicle on an emergency mission. The emergency signal may be an oscillating lamp, a rotating beacon or pairs of alternately or simultaneously flashing lamps. “Fog lamp” means a lamp which may be used with the lower beam headlights to provide illumination under condition of rain, snow, dust, or fog. “Hazard warning lamp” means a turn signal lamp which flashes simultaneously to warn of the presence of a vehicular hazard. Headlamps. 5-3/4 inch Round Sealed Beam Unit. “Type I sealed beam unit” means a sealed unit 5-3/4 inches in diameter having a single filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. This unit is identified by the number 1 on the lens and is aimed on the upper beam. “Type II sealed beam unit” means a sealed unit 5-3/4 inches in diameter having two filaments, one filament providing the lower beam and one filament providing fill-in light for the upper beam. This unit is identified by the number 2 on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. 7" Round Sealed Beam Unit. A sealed unit 7 inches in diameter providing an upper and lower beam. This unit is identified by the number 2 on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. No identifying Number on Lens. Sealed beam unit 7 inches in diameter providing an upper and lower beam. It is aimed on the upper beam. 8" × 5" Rectangular Sealed Beam Unit. Sealed beam unit providing an upper and lower beam. This unit is identified by the number 2B on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. 6-1/2 × 4-1/4 inch Rectangular Sealed Beam Unit. Type 1A—sealed beam unit having a single filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the number 1A on the lens and is aimed on the upper beam. Type 2A—sealed beam unit having two filaments, one filament providing fill-in light for the upper beam. This unit is identified by the number 2A on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. 5.93 × 3.64 inch Rectangular Sealed Beam Units. Type LF—sealed beam unit having a single beam filament and providing only a lower beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the designation LF on the lens. A special aimer adapter is required for aiming and aiming must be accomplished in accordance with the manufacturers' recommended procedures. Type UF—sealed beam unit having a single beam filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the designation UF on the lens. A special aimer adapter is required for aiming and aiming (if applicable) must be accomplished in accordance with the manufacturers' recommended procedures. Bulb and Reflector Headlamps—A lamp assembly providing an upper and lower beam light by means of a replacement bulb. These lamps shall be capable of being aimed and are aimed on lower beam. They shall be capable of producing at least 3500 candlepower output on lower beam and 5000 candlepower on upper beam. “Headlamp lower beam” means a distribution of light as directed to avoid glare in the eyes of oncoming drivers while providing illumination ahead of the vehicle and intended for use in congested areas and on highways when meeting other vehicles within a distance of 500 feet. “Headlamp upper beam” means a distribution of light intended primarily for distant illumination and for use on the open highway when not meeting other vehicles. “Indicator lamp” means a lamp visible to the operator of a vehicle that indicates: Appropriate electrical circuits are in operation; Malfunction of vehicle performance; and Requirement for remedial action by the operator of the vehicle. “Lane changer” means a device, usually incorporated in the turn signal switch which will actuate the turn signal lamps when held by the driver. It is intended for momentary use for signaling a lane change. When released by the operator, it will return to neutral and deactivate the signal lamp. “License-plate lamp” means a lamp used to illuminate the license plate on the rear of a vehicle. “Operating units or switches” means devices by which the functioning of lamps are controlled. “Parking lamp” means lamps used to designate the front of a parked vehicle. “Passing lamp” means an auxiliary lamp or lamps that may be used to supplement the low beam of a standard headlamp system. It is not intended for winding roads or congested city areas. “Reflective device” means a device used on vehicles to give an indication to an approaching driver by reflected light from the headlamps of approaching vehicles. “SAE Lighting Identification Code” is a series of standardized markings for lighting devices which a manufacturer or a supplier may use to mark his product to indicate the SAE lighting standard or standards to which the device is designed to conform. The code is not intended to limit the manufacturer or supplier in applying other markings to the devices. “Sealed beam headlamp assembly” means a major lighting device used to provide general illumination ahead of the vehicle. It consists of the following: One or more sealed beam units (bulb assembly); Means for mounting securely to the vehicle; Means to permit required aim adjustment. “Sealed beam unit” means an integral and hermetically sealed optical assembly with the name “Sealed Beam” molded in the lens. “Side marker lamp” means a lamp on the left and right sides, beamed to the side, and intended to indicate vehicle length. They are located near the front and rear on each side and, for vehicles over 30 feet in length, are also located at the midpoint (intermediate side marker). “Stop lamp” means a lamp giving a steady warning light to the rear of the vehicle, to indicate the intention of the operator of the vehicle to reduce speed or stop. “Symmetrical beam” means one in which both sides are symmetrical with respect to the median vertical plane of the beam. Lamps having symmetrical beams are: 5-3/4 inch diameter type 1; 5-3/4 inch diameter type 2 (upper beam filament); 6-1/2 × 4-1/4 inch type 1A; 6-1/2 × 4-1/4 inch type 2A (upper beam filament); 8 × 5 inch type 2B (upper beam filament); All 7 inch diameter units (upper beam filament). “Tail lamp” means a lamp used to designate the rear of a vehicle. “Turn signal lamp” means a lamp which provides a flashing warning light to indicate the intended direction of the turn. SAE Identification Code (J759C SAE Handbook). The following list is an identifying code for lights and signaling devices: All equipment for testing headlamps shall comply with the Society of Automotive Engineers Recommended Practice for Headlamp Inspection Equipment. Headlamp Testing Machines. Headlamp Testing Machine. When a headlamp testing machine is used, it shall give results equivalent to those obtained using a screen. It shall be in good repair and adjustment, and shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. A machine using a photoelectric cell or cells to determine aim should also have a visual screen upon which the beam pattern is projected proportionally to its appearance and aim on the screen at 25 feet. The visual screen shall be plainly visible to the operator and have horizontal and vertical reference lines to permit visual appraisal of the lamp beam. Mechanical Aimer (applicable to school vehicles only). When a mechanical aimer is used, it shall be in good repair and adjusted, and shall be used according to the manufacturer's instructions and shall be calibrated to the slope of the floor on which the vehicle stands. Screen (applicable to school vehicles only). When a screen is used, it should be 5' high × 12' wide with a matte white surface well shaded from extraneous light, and properly adjusted to the floor on which the vehicle stands. Provisions may be made for moving the screen so that it can be aligned parallel with the rear axle and so that a horizontal line drawn perpendicularly from the centerline of the screen will pass an equal distance midway between the two headlamps. The screen shall be provided with a fixed vertical centerline, two laterally adjustable vertical tapes, and one vertically adjustable horizontal tape. To save time, the inspector should develop his own plan or sequence for checking miscellaneous electrical items, many of which can be inspected while inspecting other items. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: Inspect Electrical System. (1) Horn shall be securely fastened, produce audible but not harsh or loud sound, and have a horn button readily accessible to the operator. (1) Horn is: (a) Loose; (b) Fails to function; (c) Produces loud or harsh sound; (d) Not equipped with horn button within arm's reach of operator. (2) Switches shall all function properly. (2) Switches fail to function. (3) Wiring shall be well insulated. (3) Wiring: (a) Insulation is bare, cracked, or broken; (b) Shows evidence of burning or short-circuiting. (4) Connections shall be tight and secure. (4) Connections are loose or show signs of excessive corrosion. (5) Automatic Transmission Only. Neutral safety starting switch—Determine that starter operates with gear selector in P and N only. (5) Starter operates with gear selector in any gear other than P or N. (6) Battery—Check General Condition. (6) Battery: (a) Is cracked or broken; (b) Connections are loose or show signs of excessive corrosion; (c) Is not held down securely; (d) Vents are not open (if equipped); (e) Is low on fluid level (if applicable). Seats, Stanchions, Rails. Visors and Defroster. The sun visor shall be located in front and above the driver and passenger position. Heaters, Step or Stepwell, and Vents. Fire Extinguisher, First Aid Kit, and Tire Chains. Every school vehicle shall be equipped with a nontoxic dry chemical fire extinguisher having a rating of at least 5 lb./10 B.C. and equipped with a gauge, and first aid container mounted in plain view in the driver's compartment and, when applicable, tire chains. Warning Devices. Color, Signs, Lettering, Retro-Reflective Tape, and Identification. Outside Mirrors. All vehicles shall be equipped with an outside rearview mirror on the driver's side providing a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear. Every school vehicle shall be equipped with at least one convex mirror not less than 7-1/2 inches in diameter which shall be firmly mounted on the left front corner forward of the seated driver so that he may observe a reflection of the road from the front bumper to a point where direct observation is possible. One outside rearview mirror on each side of the school vehicle shall be mounted forward of the driver's seat and have an area not less than 50 square inches (minimum 5" × 10" high). Additionally there shall be on each side of vehicle a convex mirror of not less than 20 square inches of reflective surface. The convex mirrors may be incorporated in the plain view rearview mirror provided the plain view reflective area is not reduced, or they may be mounted independently. Either type shall be independently adjustable. Inside Mirrors. All vehicles shall be equipped with an inside rearview mirror except as noted in §B(1)(b). The inside rearview mirror shall be adjustable and clear view glass and provide a clear stable reflected view 200 feet to the rear. School vehicles shall be equipped with at least a 5 × 10 inch mirror, metal backed, framed with rounded corners, and firmly mounted as far forward as possible and provide a clear stable reflected view of the road surface to the rear of the vehicle for a continual distance beginning not more than 200 feet to the rear. Safety glazing material is marked with the manufacturer's distinctive designation or trademark, model number, and the letters “AS” followed by a number from 1 through 16B, which indicates where the glazing may be used on the vehicle. Safety glazing material also has the symbol “DOT” (Department of Transportation) and a manufacturer’s code mark that the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) assigns to the manufacturer. Any questions regarding glazing shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Department of State Police. Proper Marking and Operation. Signs and Materials on Windshield or Windows. Inspect all glazing for unauthorized material or conditions that obscure the driver's vision. Post Manufacture Window Tinting. Definitions. “Acute area” means the windshield area 8 inches wide by 5 inches high, located directly in front of the driver, centered vertically on the steering wheel of the vehicle and horizontally in the center of the critical area. “Cloudiness” means any degree of visible discoloration or separation, except tinting that does not affect clear vision. “Critical area” means the normal windshield wiper sweep, except the area obscured by the hood, fenders, or rearview mirror. “Discoloration” means a condition which impairs the transparency of the glazing. “Non-critical area” means all windshield area outside the critical area. “Normal windshield wiper sweep” means the area of the windshield cleaned by the windshield wiper, excluding the return position on both passenger's and driver's sides. Glazing Damage. The windshield wipers shall be inspected for operation, control, condition of blades and arms, or any missing part. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Windshield Wipers. (1) Inspect for satisfactory operation. (If vacuum operated, engine shall be idling and control full on.) Windshield shall be free of insects, oil film, or other foreign matter, and should be continuously wet when tested. Wetting the windshield during school vehicle inspection may be waived if water is unavailable or the outside temperature is at or below freezing. (2) Inspect for damage, torn, or hardened rubber elements of blades. (3) Inspect for damaged metal parts of wiper blades or arms. (4) Inspect for proper contact of blades with windshield. Raise arm away from windshield and release. Arm should return to original position and cause the wiper blades to firmly contact the windshield. A. (1) Wipers inoperative or cannot be controlled or operated by the driver. (2) A wiper arm or blade is broken or missing. (3) There is insufficient tension of arm to hold blade against windshield. (4) There are worn or deteriorated blades that do not clean the windshield (within 5 cycles applicable to school vehicles only). (5) Wiper arms and blades are not the proper size for the windshield. (6) Not equipped with on/off switch within arm's length of driver. (7) Arm(s) fail to return to park position. B. Windshield Washers (school vehicles only). (1) Inspect for proper operation of hand or foot control and an effective amount of fluid delivered to the outside of the windshield. System shall function regardless of outside temperatures. B. (1) Reservoir is empty. (2) System fails to function. (3) Fluid in system is frozen. (4) System does not provide fluid to the wiper area. Inspection shall consist of operation and presence of catches and safety catches; insuring that the hood covers at least the top part of the engine compartment; and, if equipped with an air scoop or bubble, same does not extend higher than 1/3 the vertical height of the windshield. Inspection of doors, handles, latches, and hinges applies to all vehicles originally manufactured with doors and all other vehicles which are equipped with doors. Doors—Service, Emergency (applicable to school vehicles only). Service doors may be split-type, sedan-type, or jackknife-type with vertical closing edges covered with flexible material. Floor and trunk pans shall be inspected for holes or rusted and weakened conditions. Speedometer and odometer will be inspected to determine if they are connected and operable, the dial and calibrations are legible, and calibrated in miles or kilometers. Program. The vehicle owner shall establish a program recording inspections, repairs, and maintenance by vehicle number, and include at least annually a complete preventive maintenance inspection conducted jointly with M.V.A., to assure that each vehicle is in compliance with all sections of this manual pertaining to school vehicles. When the wheels have been removed for inspection or maintenance, and after the wheels have been replaced, the vehicle shall be test-driven to assure there is no imbalance of brakes before the vehicle is released for pupil transportation. Before September of each year, the Administration shall determine that the annual preventive maintenance inspection on each vehicle has been performed within the previous 12 months, repaired or replaced systems or parts are operating properly, and the condition of the vehicle is in accordance with the established standards. The Administration shall require a wheel or wheels to be pulled by the vehicle owner or mechanic, to verify condition and repair of brakes and other systems. In the event of a change of vehicle ownership and before the vehicle is authorized to transport school children, the Administration shall conduct a preventive maintenance inspection and accomplishment of any maintenance found necessary before the vehicle can be placed in service. Preventive Maintenance Inspection. Regular Inspection. Regular inspections shall be performed twice annually as required. Inspect front driver's seat for proper operation of the adjusting mechanism and that seat is securely anchored to the floor, if the vehicle was originally manufactured with a front seat. Any motor vehicle manufactured or assembled after June 1, 1964, shall be equipped with two sets of seat belts on the front seat of the vehicle and any vehicle manufactured or assembled with a rear seat after June 1, 1969, shall be equipped with two sets of seat belts on the rear seat of the vehicle. This does not apply to any motorcycle, bus, truck, taxicab, or type II school vehicle. Motor mounts include any mounting or securing device designed to hold the motor in a stable position, if originally manufactured with motor mounts. Inspect the gear selection indicator for vehicles with automatic transmission only. Universal joints are found in most rear wheel drive vehicles which utilize a drive shaft to propel the rear wheels. Constant velocity joints are generally found on front wheel drive vehicles. This regulation does not apply to a: Class K (farm area) vehicle as defined in Transportation Article, §13-935, Annotated Code of Maryland; Class E (truck) vehicle registered or capable of being registered under Transportation Article, §13-917, Annotated Code of Maryland, if the vehicle manufacturer's original design specifications for bed enclosures have not been altered to increase the vehicle's load carrying capacity; Construction vehicle working within the confines of a public works construction work project site as outlined in the construction project's plans and specifications, provided the distance traveled does not exceed 1 mile or the distance specified in an extension granted by the Maryland Department of Transportation; Construction vehicle or mining equipment while crossing a highway between construction or mining sites; or Vehicle, within the Port of Baltimore for a distance not to exceed 1 mile, carrying a load of loose material between a stockpile or storage facility and a vessel docked at the Port. This regulation applies to a: Vehicle registered or capable of being registered under Transportation Article, §13-917, on which the manufacturer's original design specifications for bed enclosures have been altered to increase the vehicle's load; Part of the load touching any bed enclosure which is within 6 inches of the top of the enclosure that it touches; or Part of the load which is higher than any of the enclosures. After January 1, 1992, any vehicle on which the manufacturer's original design specification for bed enclosures has been altered to increase the vehicle's load capacity shall have the load covered with a firmly attached canvas or similar type covering regardless of how the vehicle is loaded. The requirements of this regulation apply only to the issuance and certification of a safety equipment repair order and do not apply to a complete inspection required upon sale or transfer of ownership of a used vehicle. A safety equipment repair order may be certified only if the cover is present, fully covers the top of the bed, and meets the requirements of this regulation. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 23-101—23-105, and 24-106.1, Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: November, 1965 Chapter revised effective February 22, 1980 (7:4 Md. R. 348) Regulations .12B, F; .14A; .17B; and .20 amended effective January 23, 1981 (8:2 Md. R. 114) Chapter revised effective October 31, 1988 (15:22 Md. R. 2557) Regulation .01C amended effective February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .05 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .06 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686); February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .08 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .12F amended effective February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .14 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686); August 21, 2000 (27:16 Md. R. 1526); February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .17B amended effective February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .26 adopted effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) The standards, requirements, and procedures set forth in this chapter are applicable to equipment installed by the manufacturer or required by federal or State requirement for motorcycles and sidecars, if equipped. Questions regarding motorcycle standards or specifications shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Maryland State Police. A person constructing or reconstructing a motorcycle shall assure that the vehicle meets or exceeds all applicable federal or State safety standards. Three-wheel multipurpose vehicles having one wheel in the front and two in the rear and not having an enclosed driver or occupant compartment shall meet all established minimum standards for the front of motorcycles and all established minimum standards for the rear of four-wheel multipurpose vehicles. Steering and alignment items should be checked visually and adjusted according to the manufacturer's specifications. Check for condition, adjustment, wear, or broken and defective parts. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Swing arm bushing, bearing or rubber mount. Place motorcycle on jack or stand with rear wheel raised and inspect for wear or looseness. Check for lateral movement of swing arm by applying side to side force against rear wheel. Rubber mounted swing arms are designed to flex. A. There is noticeable lateral movement of the swing arm or rubber mounts are cracked, broken, or torn. B. Steering head bearings or bushings. Place the motorcycle on a stand or block with front raised. Grasp both fork legs and apply fore and aft force. Inspect for loose adjustment or play in steering head bearings or bushings. Turn handle bars from side to side and inspect for roughness or galling in bearings or bushings and location of stops. B. (1) There is noticeable play or roughness in the steering head bearings or bushings. Drag from a steering damper is not cause for rejection. (2) Stops are missing or do not adequately prevent forks from excessive travel or contact with the tank, etc. C. Wheel Alignment. Inspect front to rear wheel alignment and front wheel to fork tube alignment. For ease of inspection, three reference lines 1 inch apart on the floor may be used. Center the front tire on the center line and observe tracking of rear wheel as motorcycle is moved along the lines. C. Front to rear wheel misalignment exceeds 1 inch or front wheel is not vertical and parallel to front fork tubes. Front fork tubes are bent or damaged preventing full travel and free action of front forks. D. Handlebars. (1) Inspect handlebars for cracks, deformation, excessive flexure, proper alignment, mounting heights, width, and handgrips. D. Handlebars. (1) The handlebars are: (a) Cracked; (b) Deformed; (c) Show excessive flexure other than flexure from rubber mounts; (d) Improperly aligned; (e) Not constructed of adequate material; (f) Less than 18 inches in overall width; (g) Not equipped with grips. (2) Inspect handlebars for type of material used and proper thickness. (2) Handlebars will not withstand up and down force. (3) Apply up and down force to handlebars. (3) Handlebars are more than 15 inches above the lowest portion of the occupied operator's seat. (4) Inspect for unobstructed rotation of forks from stop to stop. (4) Handlebars prevent front fork from rotating from stop to stop. E. Shock Absorbers (if equipped) and front fork tubes— check dampening effects. Inspect for leaks. Check for rebound. E. Shock absorbers, mounting bolts, or mounts are missing, broken, or loose. Severe leakage (not slight dampness) of shock absorber or front fork tube seal. F. Wheel Bearings — grasp tire at top and bottom and rock itin and out. Rotate wheels and check for roughness and galling. F. There is noticeable play or roughness when wheel is rotated. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: Inspect the motorcycle frame in all areas which would not require the disassembly of any components Cracks, welds, fatigue points, work hardening, flexure is discovered which would indicate that the motorcycle frame has suffered structural damage which is hazardous to the rider or any passenger, or if frame is bent causing wheel alignment to exceed limits in Regulation .02C. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. (1) At a speed of 20 mph on a smooth level, dry surface which is free from loose material, the brakes are required tostop the motorcycle within 30 feet. (2) If vehicle is equipped with both front and rear brakes, determine if there is adequate braking action at both wheels. A. (1) The motorcycle fails to stop within 30 feet. (2) There is inadequate brake action on either wheel. (3) There is obvious vibration, wobble, or bounce caused by warped brake rotor or brake drum out of round. B. Mechanical Brake System. Inspect linkage, cables, pivots, and bearings for high friction, wear, and broken or missing parts. Motorcycles manufactured after January 1, 1974, shall have brakes on all wheels. B. (1) Brake adjustment changes under any steering or loading conditions. (2) Cotter pins are missing. (3) Pins or clevises worn more than 25 percent of the original diameter. (4) The cam operating lever has been repositioned on the shaft as a means of avoiding replacement of worn cam, shoes, or lining. (5) Any cables are frayed (two or more broken strands). (6) Any brake adjustment mechanism which will not maintain an adjusted position or is adjusted to its maximum extent. (7) Front brake cable is routed so as to be pinched between fork and frame. (8) There is any roughness, binding, or jamming in levers or pedals. (9) Less than 1/3 travel remains in hand or foot brake when brakes are applied. (10) Modifications make the pedal inaccessible for adequate leverage or operation. (11) Manufactured after January 1, 1974, and not equipped with brakes on all wheels. C. Condition of Mechanical Components in Hydraulic or Mechanical Systems. (1) Inspect for worn pins and missing or defective cotter pins. (2) Inspect for broken or missing springs and worn cables, clevises, couplings, rods, and anchor pins. (3) Inspect for frozen, rusted, inoperative connections,missing spring clips, and defective grease retainers. (4) Inspect pedal shaft and bearings for high friction, wear, and misalignment. (5) Inspect for restriction of shoe movement at backing plate and for bind between brake shoes and anchor pins. (6) Inspect actuating cam for excessive wear, camshaft for looseness in backing plate bushing and determine that springs are of sufficient strength to return and hold shoes against cam. C. (1) Mechanical parts are missing, broken, or badly worn. (2) There is excessive friction in pedal and linkage or in brake components. (3) Pedal or levers are improperly positioned or misaligned. (4) Grease seals are defective, dripping, or slinging grease. D. Hydraulic System. Motorcycles manufactured after January 1, 1974, shall have brakes on all wheels. (1) Visually inspect condition of hydraulic system. (2) Inspect hydraulic hoses and tubes for leaks, cracks, chafing, flattened or restricted sections, and improper support. (3) Inspect master cylinder for leakage and fluid level. (4) Inspect master cylinder push rod for improper adjustment. (5) Inspect wheel cylinders or hydraulic brake actuating systems. D. (1) Hoses or tubing leaks or they are cracked, chafed, flattened, restricted, or are improperly fastened. (2) Master cylinder leaks or the reservoir is less than 1/2 full. (3) There is any leakage in the braking system. (4) The push rod is improperly adjusted. (5) Wheel cylinder or caliper leaks or fails to function. (6) Manufactured after January 1, 1974, and is not equipped with brakes on all wheels. At least one rear wheel and drum assembly shall be removed (for inspection of linings on vehicles equipped with drum brakes) from a three-wheeled multipurpose vehicle for lining, drum, and component inspection. Removal of a wheel on any other motorcycle shall be required only if any malfunction of braking is discovered during a road test. 1974 and newer motorcycles have a means of inspecting brake lining thickness without removing a wheel. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: E. Condition of Linings and Pads. (1) Bonded—Measure the lining thickness at the thinnest point. (2) Riveted—Measure lining thickness at thinnest point. (3) Wire-backed—Inspect for wire showing on the friction surface of the lining. (4) All Linings or Pads—Inspect for broken or cracked linings, and parts of linings not firmly attached to shoe. Also inspect for contamination and excessively uneven lining or pad wear. Circumferential head cracks on bonded linings are not reason for rejection if the lining is securely attachedto the shoe. E. (1) Brake lining wear reference mark indicates unsafe or replacement. (2) Thinnest point of bonded lining is less than 2/32 inch. (3) Any rivets are loose or missing. Lining is worn less than 2/32 inch above any rivet head. (4) Wire backing is visible on the friction surface. (5) Lining is broken, cracked, or not firmly and completely attached to shoe. (a) Friction surface is contaminated with brake fluid, oil, or grease. (b) Lining wear is extremely uneven. F. Brake Drums. (1) Inspect condition of the drum friction surface for substantial cracks extending to the open edge of the drum. Short hairline heat cracks should not be considered. (2) Inspect for cracks on the outside of the drum. (3) Inspect for mechanical damage. (4) Inspect for contaminated friction surface. F. (1) There is any substantial crack on the friction surface extending to open edge. Excessive wear (0.060 maximum) over original diameter or in excess of diameter embossed on drum. Grooving exists. (2) There is any external crack. (3) There is evidence of mechanical damage other than wear. (4) Friction surface is contaminated with oil, grease, or brake fluid. G. Brake Discs. (1) Inspect for substantial cracks extending to edge of disc. (2) Inspect for mechanical damage. (3) Inspect for contaminated friction surface. G. (1) There is any substantial crack extending to the edge. Worn beyond manufacturer's tolerances for replacement. (2) There is evidence of mechanical damage other than wear. (3) Friction surface is contaminated with oil, grease, or brake fluid Reference is made to Figure 1 for visual aid in determining tire wear. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Inspect for tire wear. (1) Tires without tread wear indicators. (2) Tires with tread wear indicators. (3) Inspect for cord exposure. A. (1) Tire is worn so that less than 1/32 inch tread remains when measured at the thinnest point in any groove. (Figure 1) (2) Tire is worn so that a tread wear indicator contacts the road in any groove. (Figure 1). (3) Tire has a worn spot that exposes the cord through the tread. B. Inspect for tread cuts, snags, or sidewall cracks. B. Tire has tread cuts, dry rot, snags, or sidewall cracks in any direction, and deep enough to expose cords. C. Inspect for bumps, bulges, or knots. C. Tire has visible bumps, bulges, or knots indicating partial failure or separation of the tire structure. D. Inspect for regrooved or recut tires. D. Tire has been regrooved or recut below original groove depth, except those which can be readily identified on the sidewall as regroovable. E. Inspect for tire size. E. Tires are smaller than manufacturer's specified minimum or of a size that causes tire and body contact during different vehicle attitudes. F. Visually inspect for restricted usage marking on tire. (Such as reclassified tires) F. Tire is: (a) Marked “For Farm Use Only”; (b) Marked “Off Highway Use Only”; (c) Marked “For Racing Use Only”; (d) A metal studded snow tire during period when prohibited. G. Inspect wheel bolts, studs, nuts, or lugs. G. Wheel bolts, nuts, studs, or lugs are loose, missing, or damaged. H. Inspect for wheel damage. H. Any part of wheel is bent, cracked, rewelded, or damaged, so as to affect safe operation of the vehicle; loose or missing spokes on spoke-type wheels; or any wheel not at least the equivalent of original equipment. I. Inspect for wheel size. I. Any wheel is not at least the minimum size recommended by the motorcycle manufacturer. Figure 1—TYPES OF MOTORCYCLE TIRES. Figure 1. Tire Tread Depth Gauge Wear Indicator — Inspection Recommendation. The tire inflation pressure should be checked against the vehicle manufacturer's recommendations (in owner's manual). Pressure lower or higher than recommended are not cause for rejection but the vehicle owner should be advised to correct this condition at the earliest opportunity. The fuel system includes fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel valve, and necessary piping to carry the fuel from the tank to the carburetor. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: (1) Visually inspect the fuel tank, fuel tank supporting brackets and hardware, fuel tubing, clamps, vent hoses, fuel tank cap, fuel on/off valve, fuel filter, and carburetor. (2) Inspect for proper operation of choke, hand throttle, or accelerator. (1) Any part of system is not securely fastened. (2) There is fuel leaking at any point in system. (3) Fuel tank cap is missing. (4) Physical damage caused by aging to any of the components. (5) Choke, throttle, or accelerator do not function properly, that is, binding, roughness or failure to return to released position. The exhaust system includes all tubing or pipe from the exhaust port of the engine to the exhaust outlet including mufflers. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: (1) Visually inspect the exhaust system for leaks, deterioration, proper mounting and general condition. (a) Rusted or corroded areas shall be given particular attention. (b) Holes in the system made by the manufacturer for drainage are not cause for rejection. (1) Vehicle has no muffler. (2) There are loose or leaking seams or joints. (3) There are holes caused by corrosion or temporary repairs made to the exhaust pipe, muffler, or tail pipe. Welding or brazing is considered a permanent repair if it does not leak. (2) The exhaust outlet shall extend beyond the rearmost seating position or mounted in such a manner that the exhaustis not directed at the operator or passenger foot rest assemblies. (4) Tail pipe end is pinched or obstructed or does not extend beyond the rearmost seating position. (5) The system is not properly mounted or securely fastened. (6) There are loose or removed muffler baffles; the vehicle is equipped with cutout or similar device; or the system is not original or equivalent (7) Mufflers and pipes are not shielded to prevent riders from being burned (8) Exhaust pipe, muffler, or tail pipe is not of a leak-proof construction. Flexible pipe that does not leak is acceptable. (9) It emits continuous exhaust fumes or smoke which obscures persons or objects from view at reasonable distance under normal atmospheric conditions for more than 10 consecutive seconds. General Lamp and Reflector Inspection. This includes all original exterior lighting, plus whatever lamps are authorized. On vehicles without batteries, the engine shall run at high idle speed to perform lighting tests. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Switch on the night driving lamps and visually inspect the following: (Inspect (1) and (2) with ignition switch on.) (1) Actuate turn signal lever to right and left and observe function of turn signal lamps (if equipped). Motorcycles manufactured after January 1, 1973 shall have turn signals. (2) Place vehicle in all forward gears and inspect back-up lamps for function (if equipped). (3) Actuate the following and observe: indicator lamps, stop lamps, headlamps, lower and upper beam. (4) Observe the function of: (a) Tail lamps; (b) Parking lamps; (c) License Plate lamps; (d) Reflex reflectors. A. (1) Any bulb or sealed beam unit fails to light except back-up lamps. (2) Turn signals do not properly indicate right and left when so switched. (3) Back-up lamp system functions when vehicle is in a forward gear (if equipped). (4) Lamp shows color contrary to law (red light to the front; white light to the rear, except license plate lamp); (tail lamps shall be red; stop lamps red or amber; and headlamps shall emit white light). (5) Lamp fails to light the proper filament indicated at switch position. (6) Any lamp or reflector does not direct light properly. (7) Any lamp or lens is obscured or shielded by a nontransparent material or object. (8) Lamp assembly improperly fastened. (9) Lamp has a cracked or broken lens which emits a light contrary to law. (White light to the rear.) (10) Any lamp, lens, or reflector is not an approved type. B. Headlamp Inspection. Determine if lamp is mounted properly, not less than 24 inches or more than 54 inches above the road surface; or vehicle is equipped with at least one and not more than two headlamps, sealed beam or halogen replaceable bulb with reflector. B. Headlamp does not comply with mounting requirement. Additional Lighting Requirements. Inspect for safe condition, operation, wiring, and switching. All must be of an approved type. Tail Lamps — At least one required. Shall be red in color. Shall be visible in normal atmospheric conditions at night from 300 feet to the rear. (Vehicle manufactured after 6/1/71 shall be visible for 1,000 feet.) Mounted height: not less than 15 inches or more than 72 inches above the road surface for vehicles manufactured after August of 1970. Stop Lamps — At least one required. Shall be red or yellow (amber) in color. Shall be visible in normal sunlight and night time from 300 feet to the rear. Shall be activated by application of service brake. May be combined with other rear lamps. Shall be extinguished when the turn signal is operating, if combined with rear turn signals. Mounting height: not less than 15 inches or more than 72 inches above road surface for vehicles manufactured after August of 1970. License Plate Lamp — One required. Shall be white in color. Shall render license plate legible from a distance of 50 feet at night. Shall be activated by same circuit which activates the headlamps. May be combined with other rear lamp. Rear Reflector — One required, two permitted. In the rear vertical centerline; except if two reflectors are used on the rear, they may be symmetrically placed about the vertical centerline. Not less than 15 inches or more than 60 inches above the road surface. May be combined with other rear lamp. Side Reflectors (only required on vehicles manufactured after 1/1/68.) Two red—one on each side as far to the rear as possible. Two amber—one on each side as far forward as possible. Not less than 15 inches or more than 60 inches above the road surface. May be combined with other lamps. Auxiliary Driving and Fog Lamp Aim — Inspection. To save time, the inspector should develop his own plan or sequence for checking miscellaneous items, many of which can be inspected while inspecting other items. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: Inspect Electrical System.A. Horn shall be securely fastened, produce audible but not harsh or loud sound, and have a horn button readily accessible to the operator. A. Horn: (1) Is loose; (2) Fails to function; (3) Produces unreasonably loud or harsh sound; (4) Is not equipped with a horn button within arm's reach of operator. B. Switches shall all function properly. B. Switches fail to function. C. Wiring shall be well insulated. C. Wiring: (1) Insulation is broken or wiring is bare; (2) Shows any evidence of burning or short circuiting. D. Connections shall be tight and secure. D. Connections are loose or show evidence of excessive corrosion. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Rearview mirrors shall permit a clear view to the rear of the vehicle. Inspect for secure mounting, visibility and condition of mirror and its mounting hardware. A. (1) The mirror is cracked or discolored. (2) Mirror is improperly installed or loosely mounted. (3) A minimum 200-foot visibility cannot be achieved. (4) Motorcycle is not equipped with two rearview mirrors meeting requirements. B. Motorcycle shall be equipped with two rearview mirrors, one on left and one on right handlebar with a reflective area or at least 7 square inches each. Mirrors on 1978 or newer motorcycles with a plane surface shall have at least 12.5 square inches of reflective surface or, if convex, at least 10 square inches of reflective surface. (1) The mirror shall be securely mounted and sufficiently stable to provide a readily distinguishable image to the rider under normal conditions. (2) The mirror shall be regular in shape (circular, oval, rectangular or square) and may not contain sharp edges, projections, or irregular indents capable of producing injury. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: Vehicle Glazing. Windshields or windscreens are not required, but if installed, they shall be free of cracks, discoloration, or scratches which create any vision obstruction. They shall be an approved type and be mounted so that the driver's vision is not obstructed. (1) Windscreen obstructs or obscures the driver's vision. (2) Any support or stiffener device is mounted in the driver's forward line of vision. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Passenger Hand Hold Device. If a passenger is to be transported, a properly attached handhold device shall be provided on the motorcycle and shall be of sufficient strength and size to provide adequate support to any passenger. A strap or bar device is acceptable. A. When a passenger can be transported and a hand hold is not present. B. Foot Rest Assemblies. For each designated seating position or if a passenger is to be transported, the motorcycle shall be equipped with a foot rest assembly on each side of the motorcycle. Passenger foot rests may be retractable or permanent. However, 1975 or newer shall be retractable. B. (1) When a passenger can be transported and foot rests are not present. (2) Passenger foot rests are permanently attached and extend more than 1 inch beyond the widest part of the motorcycle excluding handlebars. (3) 1975 or new motorcycle is not equipped with retractable passenger foot rests. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Check for required body items, defective or dislocated parts, and parts projecting from the vehicle. A. (1) Seat is improperly or insecurely attached. Seat locking device does not function where applicable. (2) Engine mounting, frame, or brackets are cracked or broken. B. Side and Center Stand. B. (1) The side or center stand will not remain in the stored position. (2) The side or center stand is cracked, or broken, or apparent structural weakness is present, which would not support the motorcycle. (3) Side or center stand is held in the stored position by: (a) Wire; (b) Rubber band; (c) Other method which would not insure that the stand would remain secured in stored position. C. Chain Adjustment. C. Chain is not adjusted to manufacturer's specifications. If specifications are unavailable the following shall apply: “Rigid frame models”: minimum of 1/2 inch to maximum of 1 inch total up and down movement measured on the lower section of the chain midway between the sprockets. “Swing arm models”: minimum of 1/2 inch to maximum of 2 inches total up and down movement measured on the lower section of the chain midway between the sprockets. D. Chain guard. Motorcycles, if originally equipped, shall be provided with a chain guard, or other suitable device, which is original or equivalent. D. The chain guard, or other device, is missing (if originally equipped), broken, cracked, or is not the original or equivalent. E. Fenders. Inspect to determine if the fenders are properly mounted and there are no cracks, broken areas, or sharp edges. Front fender is not required. E. (1) Fenders are improperly mounted, cracked, or have sharp edges. (2) Rear fender is missing. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: Visually inspect speedometer and odometer for operation and legibility. Speedometer shall register speed in miles or kilometers per hour and odometer shall register in miles or kilometers. (1) Speedometer and/or odometer disconnected or inoperable.(2) Dial and calibrations not legible.(3) Speedometer does not register speed in miles or kilometers.(4) Odometer does not register in miles or kilometers. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 23-103, and 23-104, Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: November, 1973 Chapter revised effective December 14, 1979 (6:25 Md. R. 1981) Chapter revised effective October 31, 1988 (15:22 Md. R. 2557) The standards, requirements, and procedures set forth in this chapter are applicable to equipment originally installed by the manufacturer or required by federal or State requirement on trucks (over 10,000 pounds GVWR), multipurpose passenger vehicles having a chassis rating greater than 10,000 pounds, truck tractors, commercial buses, and type I school vehicles. Any questions regarding these standards or specifications shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Maryland State Police. Any person constructing or reconstructing a vehicle shall assure the vehicle meets or exceeds all applicable federal and State safety standards. Steering. Inspect the entire steering system including steering, wheel, steering column, lash, linkage, free play, and power steering for missing, loose, damaged, or worn parts. Steering Wheel. The steering wheel shall be inspected to determine whether it is circular (complete rim) and free of cracks, breaks, or objects which will interfere with the safe steering of the vehicle. The inspection will also be made to determine whether the steering wheel is original equipment or equivalent, including diameter. Energy Absorbing Steering Column. Some model vehicles may be equipped with an energy absorbing steering column. This special column was designed to absorb energy by controlling the collapsing of its components. It collapses under impact from wither end of the column—steering gear end or steering wheel end. To determine whether the components are capable of functioning as designed, a careful inspection shall be performed, and include any objects on the steering column. An external examination of either shear pins or collapsible mesh-type material shall also be performed. Coupling. On heavier vehicles, there may be a flexible coupling in the steering column located just above the steering gear, usually known as “rag joint”, “pot joint”, or “U joint”. Lash, Free Play, and Travel. Inspect the steering system to determine whether excessive wear or improper adjustment of the linkage or steering gear exists. The vehicle shall be on a dry surface. If equipped with power steering, the engine shall be running and the fluid level and belt tension shall be within manufacturer's recommendation. (See Figure 3) Linkage. Linkage Play. Excessive free play causes wheel shimmy, erratic brake action and steering control problems. Make sure any looseness detected is not wheel bearing free play. Spring or Torsion Bar Height. Optimum front spring height is established as part of the overall design of front wheel alignment angles. Power Steering. Figure 1—TYPICAL SHEAR CAPSULE LOCATION. Wheel Alignment. There are five basic factors which are the foundation to front wheel alignment: caster, camber, toe-in, steering axis inclination, and toe-out on turns. All are mechanically adjustable except steering axis inclination and toe-out on turns. Overall front wheel alignment can be somewhat grossly indicated by measurement of front wheel toe. Excessive toe-in or toe-out is a general indication that a complete check should be made of all front wheel alignment factors. Rear wheel misalignment on vehicles with fixed rear suspension can be caused by broken or damaged springs, trailing rods, or center bolts and improper toe or camber adjustment on vehicles with independent rear suspension. If during road test there are no undesirable steering or handling reactions, caster and camber check is not necessary. Caster. Caster is the forward or backward tilt, from vertical of the spindle support arm at the top. Improper caster can cause hard steering, low speed shimmy, wander, and brake pull problems. Camber. Camber is the inward or outward tilt of the top of the wheel from vertical. Improper camber can cause erratic tire wear problems, hard steering, and wander. Rear Wheel Alignment. The wheelbase of a vehicle with tandem rear axles is determined by measuring from the center of the front wheel to the midpoint between the tandem axles. When measuring for tracking, the dimensions shall be taken between rear wheel centers. (See Figure 8 or 9) Figure 6—CASTER ANGLES. Agency Note: Not applicable if vehicle specifications indicate different left and right wheel base dimensions. Figure 8—REAR WHEEL ALIGNMENT-TANDEM BUSES. Figure 9—TRUCK WHEEL BASE. Figure 10 — TYPICAL BALL JOINT. Figure 11 — PRE LOADED BALL JOINT. Figure 12 — WEAR INDICATING BALL JOINT. Suspension. Inspect the suspension system for missing, broken, damaged, worn, rusted, or modified wheel bearings, ball joints, control arms, springs, torsion bars, or frame that would affect vehicle stability. Ball Joints. In checking for motion of ball joints, check in accordance with manufacturer's specifications, keeping in mind that the load carrying joint is unloaded in procedures(a) and (b), below, and that a pry bar pressure sufficient only to lift the weight of the wheel assembly is required. If the inspector uses the leverage of a pry bar to exert excessive pressure, he can easily force an apparent ball joint movement and get a false reading. This may result in expensive replacement of perfectly good joints. Therefore, only a 12- to 18-inch pry bar should be used. Ball Joint (wear-indicating). Some manufacturers provide a wear-indicating ball joint to facilitate inspection in which case a visual inspection is made with joints loaded. Ball Joints (nonload carrying). Inspection of nonload carrying ball joints shall also be performed with the joints unloaded. With the vehicle properly jacked, inspect for any noticeable looseness. King Pin or Spindle Bolts. Inspection of king pins or spindle bolts shall be made to determine whether there are any missing, broken, or worn parts that may affect the steering or suspension of the vehicle. Wheel Bearings. Wheel bearings out of adjustment can cause wander, unequal brake action, and noise due to interference of parts. Springs and Torsion Bars. Air Suspension. Some school buses, commercial buses, trucks, and truck tractors may be equipped with air suspension systems. Inspection of the system consists of checking for air leaks, proper height and ride level. CAUTION: The inspector should not use a creeper under the vehicle unless the vehicle is properly jacked and supported. Air Suspension. Retractable Axle (not applicable to school vehicles). Some large vehicles may be equipped with retractable axles. If the axle is the type having independent suspension, the toe shall be checked the same as for the front suspension systems (see Figure 5). Shock Absorbers (if equipped). Lift Axle Air Pressure System. The lift axle shall have a certified air pressure to ensure the minimum load of 12,000 pounds for an evenly loaded vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of 70,000 pounds. Figure 13—BALL JOINT JACKING PROCEDURE. Brake Inspection—Heavy Vehicles. Certain items of special interest shall be considered by the inspector when evaluating the braking on large, heavily loaded vehicles. Safety. The vehicle or combination of vehicles may weigh many tons and too much stress cannot be put upon the safety of the inspector and others when testing the stopping ability of the vehicles. These tests shall be conducted with extreme care in order to prevent possible skidding, jackknifing, load shifting, and overturning. In particular, extreme care shall be used in testing liquid cargo-carrying vehicles under partially loaded conditions because of the sudden surging of the cargo. Practicality. A thorough brake inspection includes the inspection of the inside of the brake assembly. The removal of wheel hubs and drums from large commercial vehicles is difficult because of size and weight problems and extreme care shall be taken to assure they are properly returned to the axle. A thorough examination of the hydraulic, vacuum, or air systems will normally give a fair idea of general condition of the braking system, especially when augmented by a practical performance demonstration. Service Brake Performance Tests. Road. Simple tests and visual procedures. Service brake tests shall be conducted on a substantially level, dry, hard, smooth surface road or area that is free from loose material, oil, or grease. Using the service brake only, the stopping ability of the vehicle shall be tested by one of the following methods: Platform Test. Before attempting inspection by this method, the inspector should be trained and experienced in the use of the equipment and the equipment must have adequate capacity. Dynamic Brake Inspection. This test is for stations equipped with a roller-type brake dynamometer. The rollers should be dry, smooth and free of oil or grease. The equipment indicates both braking effort and imbalance. Brakes on front and rear axles are evaluated separately. Hydraulic System. Tests and visual inspection procedures. Recommended for inspection programs which must accommodate a large volume of vehicles. Results will indicate whether a vehicle has reasonably safe brakes at the time of inspection. The engine shall be running when vehicles are checked with power assisted hydraulic systems. These procedures are applicable to vehicles equipped with hand controls for the physically handicapped. At least one wheel and drum assembly shall be removed from each axle equipped with brakes. On disc brakes only wheel assembly removal is necessary. Any wheel or drum assembly removal shall be on alternate sides. Always inspect a brake assembly which shows evidence of leaking fluid or grease. Do not remove hydraulic wheel cylinder dust boots for inspection. Leakage can be determined by pushing on the outside of the boot. Drums and Discs. Some vehicles have a combination of disc (caliper) type brakes on the front wheels and drum-type brakes on the rear wheels. On vehicles equipped with disc brakes, some drag can be felt when turning the wheel and tire. This drag is not excessive if the wheel can be turned readily with both hands. Brake Linings and Pads. Mechanical Linkage. Includes the parking brake and manual brake controls on vehicles equipped for physically handicapped persons. Vacuum System. Air System—Function: Compressor—Low Indicator—Governor. Air Leakage and Reserve. It may be desirable to install in the system an air gauge (0—150 psi) which has 5 or 10 psi increments, so that small changes in pressure can be more easily observed. Air Brakes—Parking and Emergency Systems. Commercial buses and some trucks may be equipped with hand-operated controls for parking and emergency air brake systems. Actuator Reserve. Emergency Brakes. To avoid confusion between emergency and parking brake systems, refer to definitions (see §T). On vehicles equipped with spring-type emergency brake systems, manual operation of the control valve will also provide an effective parking brake system. Parking Brakes. An emergency brake can also serve as a parking brake but a parking brake is not adequate to serve as an emergency brake. Most large vehicles with hydraulic brake systems and some large vehicles with air brake systems will have a parking brake located on the propeller (drive) shaft. This type of parking brake is usually open and easily inspected. Brake Performance Chart. As of July 1, 1972, all vehicles subject to the regulations of the Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety are subject to the stopping requirements in this Brake Performance Chart except the column pertaining to Emergency Brake System, which are effective on vehicles manufactured after July 1, 1973. This deceleration as measured in brake tests cannot be used to compute the values in Column 4 because it is not sustained at the same rate over the entire period of the stop. The deceleration increases from zero to a maximum during a period of brake system application and brake force build-up. Also, other factors may cause the deceleration to decrease after reaching a maximum. The added distance which results because of a maximum deceleration is not sustained is included in the figures in Column 4 but is not indicated by usual brake testing devices for checking deceleration. There is a definite mathematical relationship between the figures in Columns 2 and 3. If the decelerations set forth in Column 3 are divided by 32.2 feet per second per second, the Column 2 figures will be obtained (for example, 17 divided by 32.2 gives 52.8 percent). Column 2 is included in the tabulation because certain brake testing devices utilize this factor. The decelerations as in Column 3 are an indication of the effectiveness of the basic brakes, and as measured in practical brake testing are the maximum braking decelerations attained at sometime during the stop. The distances in Column 4 and the decelerations in Column 3 are not directly related. Brake system “application and braking distance in feet” (Column 4) is a definite measure of the overall effectiveness of the braking system, being the distance traveled between the point at which the driver starts to move the braking controls and the point at which the vehicle comes to rest. It includes distance traveled while the brakes are being applied and the distance traveled while the brakes are retarding the vehicle. The distance traveled during the period of brake system application and brake force buildup varies with vehicle type, being negligible for many passenger cars and greatest for combinations of commercial vehicles. This fact accounts for the variation from 20 to 40 feet in the numerical values in Column 4 for the various classes of vehicles. The deceleration requirement in Column 3 is the same for all classifications of vehicles except for passenger vehicles, not including buses, because brakes on vehicles in the second, third and fourth classifications are all capable with reasonable maintenance of producing the designated deceleration as measured by brake testing devices. A higher deceleration requirement is warranted for passenger cars in view of United States Department of Transportation/Federal Highway Administration test data. Decelerometers. The method of brake system application and braking distance is not to be confused with the distance indicated by the inertia-type decelerometer and other existing brake testers, which often are purported wrongly to measure the vehicle stopping distance. The pendulum and U-tube decelerometers used for brake testing are instruments scaled to read deceleration or equivalent braking force (sometimes referred to as brake efficiency) in percentages. The principle of the pendulum-type decelerometer is that a pendulum on a vehicle moving at a uniform speed will assume a vertical position. When the vehicle speed is reduced by application of the brakes, the pendulum will swing forward to an angle away from the vertical. The tangent of the angle through which the pendulum moves is directly proportional to the deceleration. Basically, the U-tube fluid-type instrument is a closed glass tube formed in the shape of a U. When vehicle speed is reduced by braking, the inertia of the fluid causes the level in the glass tube to fall. The distance the level of the liquid falls is proportional to the deceleration in feet per second per second, which is read from a scale on the front part of the glass tube. The vehicle will normally pitch because the lines of action of the inertia and braking forces are different. In order to minimize erroneous responses, the decelerometer, if used, should be put as close to the center of the vehicle as practical. Brake Testing Machines. These types of brake testers measure braking force at each wheel. The effectiveness of the brake testers that measure braking force in the testing of vehicles other than passenger vehicles or light trucks is very questionable. The dimensions of these brake testers do not permit practical and reliable testing on combination vehicles. Use should therefore be restricted to two-axle vehicles. The simulated road surface of surface of these machines will occasionally exhibit much higher coefficients of friction than is possible on the highway. Excessive braking should therefore be avoided, be avoided, because braking distribution information is distorted. For drive-on-and-stop test machines, the vehicle is driven on the pads at speeds of 4 to 8 mph. When the brakes are applied at the time the vehicle is moving on the pads, the braking effort at each wheel causes a proportionate movement of the pad against the measuring system. The braking force on the pads is measured by indicating or recording instruments. The roller-type brake testing machine has powered rollers that turn the individual wheels while the brakes are applied in order to measure the brake force developed. Test Wheel Equipment. Any type of fifth or test wheel equipment can be used, if it obtains the following results: It measures the distance within plus or minus 3 percent of the values obtained by the “hot-shot” method, which uses an electrically fired gun. The road speed of the test wheel is measured with a speedometer designed to hold the indicating hand at the speed from which the stop is initiated. The speedometer shall indicate the speed to within plus or minus 2 percent of the speed timed with a stopwatch over a measured mile. Definitions. “Brake system” means a combination of one or more brakes and their related means of operation and control. “Deceleration” means the rate of reduction of the speed of the vehicle, expressed in feet per second per second. “Equivalent braking ratio” means the percentage ratio of the sum of retarding forces developed by each braked wheel to the “as tested” gross weight of the vehicle or combination. “Emergency brake system” means a brake system used for retarding and stopping the vehicle in the event of a malfunction in the service brake system (this function may be performed by the parking brake system or by a portion of the service brake system, or by a separate brake system). “Parking brake system” means a brake system used to hold and maintain a vehicle in a stationary position (a positive mechanical means is employed to hold the brake applied when the vehicle is unattended). “Pedal reserve” as applied to hydraulic, mechanical, or power-assisted hydraulic brakes, means the amount of total pedal travel left in reserve when the pedal is depressed to the brake-applied position (the purpose of the pedal reserve check is to ascertain the degree of the brake adjustment and to demonstrate satisfactory brake actuating system condition). “Service brake system” means a brake system used for retarding, stopping, and controlling the vehicle under normal operating conditions. “Stopping distance” means the distance traveled by a vehicle from the point of application of force to the brake control, to the point at which the vehicle reaches a full stop. Tire Inspection. Reference is made to Figures 17 and 18 for visual aid in determining tire wear. A radial ply tire may not be used with a nonradial-type tire on the same axle. All tires on the steering axle shall be the same size and type of construction. All tires shall be the same size on the same axle. Wheel Inspection. The fuel system includes the fuel tank, fuel pump, and necessary piping to carry the fuel from the tank to the carburetor or to the injection system. The exhaust system includes the exhaust manifold, and all piping leading to and including the muffler, catalytic converter, resonator, and the tail piping. This regulation represents the current recommendations of the Vehicle Emissions Inspection Panel of the Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association, Inc., regarding engine maintenance inspection required to minimize vehicle emissions. This section is advisory and is primarily related to 1968 and later models. The inspection of emission control systems applies only to spark ignition engines, not to diesels. This regulation is applicable to school vehicles only. Crankcase Ventilation. The ventilation system of the crankcase is common to engines using either an “air injection” system of control or an “engine modification” system. The engine should be warm and running at idle before inspection of vent system. Air Injection Type—Idle Speed and Timing. An air injection-type exhaust emission control system can be identified by an air pump and a distribution system to the exhaust ports. The air pump is normally driven by a belt off the crankshaft or water pump pulleys. Only the plumbing, idle speed and ignition timing need be inspected. Reference is made to the Idle Setting Limits Table I. Engine Modification Type—Idle Speed and Timing. An “engine modification” control system may be most easily identified as one without an air pump. The emissions are primarily controlled by engine design. The items to be inspected are vacuum, idle speed, ignition timing, and idle air-fuel mixture by measuring the carbon monoxide (CO) content of the exhaust. Refer to Table II, Idle Setting Limits. Engine Modification-Type Fuel Mixture (Carbon Monoxide). The carbon monoxide (CO) concentration in the exhaust of most vehicles may not be more than 3 percent. Be sure that the testing is done by an experienced operator and that the exhaust analyzer is properly calibrated. Bumpers shall be inspected for broken or missing parts, abnormal protrusions, sharp edges, or conditions that could be hazardous to persons. The bumpers shall be securely mounted to the vehicle and be capable of absorbing a reasonable degree of impact. Every truck with a GVWR over 10,000 pounds, except truck tractors and vehicles engaged in drive-away/tow-away operations, which is so constructed that the body or the chassis assembly, if without a body, has a clearance at the rear end of more than 30 inches from the ground when empty, shall be equipped with a permanent rear bumper or metal frame attached to the underside of the rear of the truck. The bumper or frame may not be any wider than the width of the truck, and may not be more than 30 inches above the highway when moving and shall be constructed of heavy gauge steel. The maximum transverse distance from the widest part of the vehicle at the rear to the bumper or metal frame may not exceed 18 inches. The frame shall be constructed so as not to interfere with lights or other warning devices. Any truck so constructed and maintained that the body, chassis, or other parts thereof afford the protection required by this section shall be deemed in compliance with this section. The provisions of this section do not apply to vehicles where the installation of the required bumper or metal frame would prevent operation of the vehicle to secure its designated purpose. A person may not operate, cause or permit to be operated any bus or truck on the highways of this State unless it is equipped with suitable metal protectors or substantial flexible flaps behind the rearmost wheels of the vehicle to prevent the projection of rocks, dirt, water, or other substances to the rear and to minimize side spray. This regulation does not apply to any farm tractor or any vehicle registered as a farm truck or to uncoupled truck tractors or other vehicles where the construction is such that complete freedom around the wheel area is necessary to secure the designed use of the vehicle. Procedures Reject Vehicle If: A. The protectors or flaps shall have a ground clearance of not more than one-third of the horizontal distance from the bottom edge of the protector or flap to the centerline of the axle, provided, however, that no protector or flap need becloser to the ground than 6 inches under any condition of loading. The protector or flap shall extend laterally at least the width of the tire or tires being protected. A. Measurement A is longer than 1/3 the length of Measurement B and the vehicle is not equipped with flaps (see Figures 20 and 21).B. Protector or flap does not extend laterally at least the width of tire or tires.C. Protectors or flaps not securely attached to the vehicle. B. If any truck or bus is so designed or constructed that the objectives of this regulation are accomplished by reason of fender or body construction or other means of enclosure, either permanent or temporary, then the requirements of this regulation have been satisfied. Figure 20—REAR WHEEL PROTECTOR FLAP REQUIREMENTS. Figure 21—REAR WHEEL PROTECTOR FLAP REQUIREMENTS. Fender inspection shall include condition, mounting, and coverage of wheels and tires. If the body of the vehicle does not provide coverage, the vehicle shall then be equipped with suitable metal protectors or substantial flexible flaps behind the rearmost wheels of the vehicle. Procedures Reject Vehicle If: A. Fenders shall be securely attached to the vehicle and inspected for tears, sharp or jagged edges, sufficient coverage of the wheel and tire both from the body outward and to the front and rear of tires and wheels. Fenders may be extended outward to compensate for tire and wheel changes provided these extensions: A. (1) Fender has tears, sharp or jagged edges. (2) Fender is not securely fastened to the body. (3) Fender does not extend outward from the body to cover the top of the wheel and tire. (1) Provide required coverage of wheels and tires; (4) The rear of all fenders do not extend downward to the horizontal centerline of the wheel. (2) Are constructed of substantial materials; (3) Are securely attached to fenders the fenders; (5) Fronts of all fenders do not extend forward from the vertical centerline of the wheel to at least within a 45-degree angle of the horizontal centerline. (4) Have all edges rolled to eliminate sharp or jagged edges;; (5) Do not contact tires during different vehicle attitudes; (6) Fender has been extended downward to compensate for suspension modifications. (6) On trucks and truck tractors, applies only to front fenders and rear fenders when equipped. (7) Fender is missing. (8) The vehicle is not equipped with flaps behind the rear wheels when required. Figure 22—FENDERS. Body exterior components and sheet metal parts, if damaged or dislocated so that they project from the vehicle to present a safety hazard to occupants, pedestrians, or other vehicles, may be cause for rejection of the vehicle. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Protruding Metal: Inspect for torn metal parts, moldings, rub rails, etc., which may protrude from vehicle. A. (1) Body components or sheet metal are subject to rejection if a condition exists which is hazardous to occupants, pedestrians or other vehicles. (2) Torn metal, broken glass, or other loose or dislocated parts protrude from the surface of the vehicle which is hazardous to occupants, pedestrians, or other vehicles. Figure 23—SCHOOL VEHICLE CONSTRUCTION AND SEATING. General Lamp and Reflector Inspection. This includes all original equipment, exterior lighting plus whatever lights are authorized. School vehicles have special marking and lighting to assure their identity. Refer to diagrams of front and rear views (Figures 27 and 29). Preparation for Headlamp Aim Inspection. Preparation for headlamp and aim inspection is to be done by owner of vehicle before inspection. Frame leveling and wheel alignment inspection is done before inspection. Frame leveling and wheel alignment inspection is done at the station. Any one of the items listed below can affect the inspection results and may cause rejection of the vehicle. To prevent this and reduce inspection time, the owner should have the first three items completed before inspection. Headlamp. High Beam. Vehicle shall be equipped with either the dual headlighting system consisting of four 5 1/4-inch diameter units, two of which shall be No. 1 and two of which shall be No. 2; or four 6 1/2 × 4 1/2 inch rectangular units, two of which shall be No. 1A and two of which shall be No. 2A; four 5.93 × 3.64-inch rectangular-type F units, two of which shall be LF units and two of which shall be UF units; or a single headlighting system consisting of two 7-inch units; or two 8 × 5 inch rectangular units; or an approved bulb and reflector-type system. All units bearing the marking No. 2 shall be inspected and aimed on low beam. All units bearing the marking No. 1 or no number shall be inspected and aimed on high beam. Headlamp inspection and aiming by the photoelectric-optical method, not applicable to school vehicles, requires a level area sufficient for the vehicle and test equipment. The test equipment shall be accurately calibrated to the floor and accurately aligned to the vehicle. Additional lighting information is contained in §§E, F, and G (limits are in inches at 25 feet). Labeling requirements for sealed beam headlamps manufactured on or after July 1, 1979: 5 3/4 inch type 1-1C1, type 2-2C1; 6 1/2 inch by 4 1/2 inch type 1A-1A1, type 2A-2A1; 7 inch type 2-2D1; 8 inch by 5 inch type 2B-2B1; type F 5.93 inch by 3.64 inch—low beam—LF, high beam—UF. Type F units require a special aimer adapter and must be aimed in accordance with the manufacturers' recommended procedures. Bulb and reflector-type headlamps currently approved contain a 9004 Sylvania bulb in a normal reflector unit or an H-4 bulb in a sealed reflector unit. Sealed reflector units contain a glass bubble which encases the bulb when in place which can be detected by removing the bulb and determining if the bubble exists. Low Beam. Inspect the low beam headlamp in the same method as indicated for high beam. Always inspect the following sealed beam units on low beam only: 5 3/4 inch diameter or 6 1/2 × 4 1/4 inch rectangular marked type 2 or 2A and 7 inch diameter or 8 × 5 inch rectangular marked type 2 or 2B. Agency Note: Labeling requirements for sealed beam headlamps manufactured on or after July 1, 1979: 5 3/4 inches Type 1—1C1, Type 2—2C1; 6 1/2 inches by 4 1/4 inches Type 1A—1A1, Type 2A—2A1; 7 inches Type 2—2D1; 8 inches by 5 inches Type 2B—2B1 Headlamp—Applicable School Vehicles Only. To compensate for the various conditions of loading encountered during inspection, the frame or body floor shall be made level before checking. This will provide a standard condition for inspecting all vehicles and may be accomplished by using a combination of blocks under the rear wheels or a lifting device (jack) or both for the front end. A spirit level may be laid along the frame side member. Place vehicle in a darkened location of sufficient size for the vehicle and an additional 25 feet from lamps to screen. Level the vehicle frame as described in §C(1). The vehicle shall be located accurately in front of the screen. An approved marked screen and adequate test area are required. Inspect the low beam headlamp in the same method indicated as for high beam. Always inspect the following sealed beam units on low beam only: 5 3/4 inch diameter or 6 1/2 × 4 1/4 inch rectangular units marked type 2 or 2A and 7 inch diameter or 8 × 5 inch rectangular units marked type 2 or 2B. Figure 30—AIMING SCREEN BEAM PATTERN-HIGH BEAM. Fog Lamp and Auxiliary Driving Lamps. If a vehicle is equipped with either fog lamps or auxiliary driving lamps they shall be properly aimed. Fog lamps shall be mounted on the front of the vehicle at a height not more than 30 inches or less than 12 inches above the level surface on which a vehicle stands. Only two fog lamps are allowed by law. Auxiliary driving lamps shall be mounted on the front of the vehicle at a height not more than 42 inches or less than 16 inches above the level surface on which the vehicle stands. Only two auxiliary driving lamps are allowed by law. The mounting heights of auxiliary driving lamps do not apply to emergency vehicles. Definitions. “Asymmetrical beam” (nonsymmetrical) means a beam in which both sides are not symmetrical with respect to the median vertical plane of the beam. All lower beams are asymmetrical. “Back-up lamp” means a lamp used to provide illumination behind the vehicle, and to provide an indicator when the vehicle is in reverse gear. “Clearance lamp” means (on trucks and buses 80 inches or more wide) a lamp which shows to the front or rear of a vehicle, mounted on the permanent structure of the vehicle as near as practicable to the upper left and right extreme edges to indicate overall width and height of the vehicle. “Cornering lamp” means a steadily burning lamp used when the turn signal system is operating to supplement the headlamps by providing additional road illumination in the direction of the turn. “Driving lamp” means the auxiliary lamp or lamps that may be used to supplement the upper beam of the regular headlamps. “Emergency warning lamp” means a lamp which provides a flashing light to identify an authorized vehicle on an emergency mission. The emergency signal may be an oscillating lamp, a rotating beacon, or pairs of alternately or simultaneously flashing lamps. “Fog lamps” means a lamp which may be used with the lower beam headlights to provide illumination under condition of rain, snow, dust, or fog. “Hazard warning lamp” means a turn signal lamp which flashes simultaneously to warn of the presence of a vehicular hazard. Headlamps. Five and 3/4 Inch Round Sealed Beam Unit. “Type 1 sealed beam unit” means a sealed beam unit 5 3/4 inches in diameter having a single filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. This unit is identified by a number 1 on the lens and is aimed on the upper beam. “Type 2 sealed beam unit” means a sealed beam unit 5 3/4 inches in diameter having two filaments, one filament providing the lower beam and one filament providing fill-in light for the upper beam. This unit is identified by a 2 on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. “Seven Inch Round Sealed Beam Unit” means a sealed beam unit 7 inches in diameter providing an upper and lower beam. This unit is identified by a number 2 on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. If there is no identifying number on lens, it means a sealed beam unit 7 inches in diameter providing an upper and lower beam. It is aimed on the upper beam. “Eight Inch by 5 Inch Rectangular Sealed Beam Unit” means a sealed beam unit providing an upper and lower beam. This unit is identified by a number 2B on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. Six 1/2 by 4 1/2 Inch Rectangular Sealed Beam Unit. Type 1A—means a sealed beam unit having a single filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by a number 1A on the lens and is aimed on the upper beam. Type 2A—means a sealed beam unit having two filaments, one filament providing fill-in light for the upper beam. This unit is identified by a number 2A on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. “Bulb and reflector headlamps” means a lamp assembly providing an upper and lower beam light by means of a replaceable bulb. These lamps are aimed on lower beam. They shall be capable of producing at least 5,000 candlepower output on upper beam and 3,500 candlepower output on lower beam, and must be capable of being aimed. 5.93 x 3.64 Inch Rectangular Sealed Beam Unit. Type LF—sealed beam unit having a single beam filament and providing only a lower beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the designation LF on the lens. A special aimer adapter is required for aiming, and aiming must be accomplished in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended procedures. Type UF—sealed beam unit having a single beam filament and providing only a upper beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the designation UF on the lens. A special aimer adapter is required for aiming, and aiming (if applicable) must be accomplished in accordance with the manufacturer's recommended procedures. “Headlamp lower beam” means a distribution of light so directed as to avoid glare in the eyes of oncoming drivers while providing illumination ahead of the vehicle and intended for use in congested areas and on highways when meeting other vehicles within a distance of 500 feet. “Headlamp upper beam” means a distribution of light intended primarily for distant illumination and for use on the open highway when not meeting other vehicles. “Identification lamps” (on trucks and buses 80 inches or more wide) means lamps used in groups of three, in a horizontal row, which show to the front or rear or both, having lamp centers spaced not less than 6 or more than 12 inches apart, mounted on the permanent structure as near as practicable to the vertical centerline and the top of the vehicle, to identify certain types of vehicles. “Indicator lamp” means a lamp visible to the operator of a vehicle that indicates: Appropriate electrical circuits are in operation; Malfunction of vehicle performance; and Requirement for remedial action by the operator of the vehicle. “Lane changer” means a device, usually incorporated in the turn signal switch which will actuate the turn signal lamps when held by the driver. It is intended for momentary use for signaling a lane change. When released by the operator, it will return to neutral and de-activate the signal lamp. “License plate lamp” means a lamp used to illuminate the license plate on the rear of a vehicle. “Operating units or switches” means devices by which the functioning lamps are controlled. “Parking lamp” means lamps used to designate the front of a parked vehicle. “Passing lamp” means an auxiliary lamp or lamps that may be used to supplement the low beam of a standard headlamp system. It is not intended for winding roads or congested city areas. “Reflective devices” means a device used on vehicles to give an indication to an approaching driver by reflected light from the headlamps of approaching vehicles. “SAE Lighting Identification Code” means a series of standardized markings for lighting devices which a manufacturer or a supplier may use to mark his product to indicate the SAE lighting standard or standards to which the device is designed to conform. The code is not intended to limit the manufacturer or supplier in applying other markings to the devices. “Sealed beam headlamp assembly” means a major lighting device used to provide general illumination ahead of the vehicle. It consists of the following: One or more sealed beam units (bulb assembly); Means for mounting securely to the vehicle; Means to permit required aim adjustment. “Sealed beam unit” means an integral and hermetically sealed optical assembly with the name “Sealed Beam” molded in the lens. “Side marker lamp” means a lamp on the left and right sides, beamed to the side, and intended to indicate vehicle length. They are located near the front and rear on each side and, for vehicles over 30 feet in length, are also located at the midpoint (intermediate side marker). “Stop lamp” means a lamp giving a steady warning light to the rear of a vehicle, to indicate the intention of the operator of the vehicle to reduce speed or stop. “Symmetrical beam” means one in which both sides are symmetrical with respect to the median vertical plane of the beam. Lamps having symmetrical beam are: Five 3/4 inch diameter type I; Five 3/4 inch diameter type 2 (upper beam filament); Six 1/2 by 4-1/4 inch type 1A; Six 1/2 by 4-1/4 inch type 2A (upper beam filament); Eight by five inch type 2B (upper beam filament); All 7 inch diameter units (upper beam filament). “Tail lamp” means a lamp used to designate the rear of a vehicle. “Turn signal lamp” means a lamp which provides a flashing warning light to indicate the intended direction of the turn. SAE Identification Code (J759C SAE Handbook). The following list is an identifying code for lights and signaling devices: All equipment for testing headlamps shall comply with the Society of Automotive Engineers Recommended Practice for Headlamp Inspection Equipment. Headlamp Testing Machines. Headlamp Testing Machine. When a headlamp testing machine is used, it shall give results equivalent to those obtained using a screen. It shall be in good repair and adjustment, and shall be used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. A machine using a photoelectric cell or cells to determine aim should also have a visual screen upon which the beam pattern is projected proportionally to its appearance and aim on a screen at 25 feet. The visual screen shall be plainly visible to the operator and have horizontal and vertical reference lines to permit visual appraisal of the lamp beam. Mechanical Aimer (applicable to school vehicles only). When a mechanical aimer is used, it shall be in good repair and adjustment, and shall be used according to the manufacturer's instruction and shall be calibrated to the slope of the floor on which the vehicle stands. Screen (applicable to school vehicles only). When a screen is used, it should be 5 feet high x 12 feet wide with a matte white surface well shaded from extraneous light, and properly adjusted to the floor on which the vehicle stands. Provisions may be made for moving the screen so that it can be aligned parallel with the rear axle so that a horizontal line drawn perpendicularly from the centerline of the screen will pass an equal distance midway between the two headlamps. The screen shall be provided with a fixed vertical centerline, two laterally adjustable vertical tapes, and one vertically adjustable horizontal tape. Electrical System. To save time, the inspector should develop his own plan or sequence for checking miscellaneous electrical items, many of which can be inspected while inspecting other items. Seats, Stanchions, Rails. Visors and Defroster. Sun visors shall be located in front and above the driver and passenger positions. Heaters, Step or Stepwell, and Vents. Fire Extinguisher, First Aid Kit, and Tire Chains. Every school vehicle shall be equipped with a dry chemical fire extinguisher, and first aid kit container mounted in plain view in the driver's compartment, and where applicable, tire chains. Warning Devices. Color. Signs and Lettering. Retro-Reflective Tape. Identification. Inspect for presence, size, and condition of required or permitted identification. Outside Mirrors. Every vehicle shall be equipped with an outside rearview mirror on the driver's side providing a view of the highway for a distance of at least 200 feet to the rear. Every school vehicle shall be equipped with at least one convex mirror, not less than 7-1/2 inches in diameter, which shall be firmly mounted on the left front corner forward of the seated driver so that he may observe a reflection of the road from the front bumper to a point where direct observation is possible. One outside rearview mirror on each side of a school vehicle shall be mounted forward of the driver's seat and have an area not less than 50 square inches (minimum 5 inches wide by 10 inches high). Additionally on school vehicles manufactured after December 31, 1972, there shall be on each side of the vehicle a convex mirror of not less than 20 square inches of reflective surface. The convex mirrors may be incorporated in the plain rearview mirror provided the plain view reflective area is not reduced, or they may be mounted independently. Either type shall be independently adjustable. Inside Mirrors. Every vehicle shall be equipped with an inside rearview mirror except as noted in §B(1) and (2). The inside rearview mirror shall be clear view glass and adjustable, and provide a clear stable reflected view 200 feet to the rear. School vehicles shall be equipped with a mirror 6 inches by 30 inches, metal backed, framed with rounded corners, and firmly mounted as far forward as possible, and provide a clear stable reflected view of the road surface to the rear of the vehicle for a continual distance beginning not more than 200 feet to the rear. Safety glazing material is marked with the manufacturer's distinctive designation or trademark, model number and the letters “AS” followed by a number from 1 through 16B, which indicates where the glazing may be used on the vehicle. Safety glazing material also has the symbol “DOT” (Department of Transportation) and a manufacturer’s code mark that the NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) assigns to the manufacturer. Any questions regarding glazing shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Department of State Police. Proper Marking and Operation. Signs and Materials on Windshield or Windows. Inspect all glazing for unauthorized material or conditions that obscure the driver's vision. Post Manufacture Window Tinting. Definitions. “Acute area” means the windshield area 8 inches wide by 5 inches high, located directly in front of the driver, centered vertically on the steering wheel of the vehicle and horizontally in the center of the critical area. “Cloudiness” means any degree of visible discoloration or separation, except tinting that does not affect clear vision. “Critical area” means the normal windshield wiper sweep, except the area obscured by the hood, fenders, or rearview mirror. “Discoloration” means a condition which impairs the transparency of the glazing. “Non-critical area” means all windshield area outside the critical area. “Normal windshield wiper sweep” means the area of the windshield cleaned by the windshield wiper, excluding the return position on both passenger's and driver's sides. Glazing Damage. The windshield wipers shall be inspected for operation, control, condition of blades and arms, or any missing part. Inspection shall consist of operation and presence of catches and safety catches, insuring that the hood covers at least the top part of the engine compartment; and if equipped with an air scoop or bubble, it does not extend higher than 1/3 the vertical height of the windshield. Inspection of doors, handles, latches, and hinges applies to all vehicles originally manufactured with doors and all other vehicles which are equipped doors. Doors—Service, Emergency (applicable to school vehicles only). Service doors may be split-type, sedan-type, or jackknife-type with vertical closing edges covered with flexible material. Floor and trunk pans shall be inspected for holes or rusted and weakened conditions. Speedometer, odometer, or hubometer will be inspected to determine if they are connected and operable, the dial and calibrations are legible, and calibrated in miles or kilometers. The vehicle owner shall establish a preventive maintenance program recording inspection, repairs, and maintenance by vehicle number, and include at least annually a complete preventive maintenance inspection, to assure that each vehicle is in compliance with all sections of this handbook pertaining to school vehicles. When the wheels have been removed for inspection or maintenance, and after the wheels have been replaced, the vehicle shall be test-driven to assure there is no brake imbalance before the vehicle is released for pupil transportation. Before September of each year, the Administration shall determine that the annual preventive maintenance inspection on each vehicle has been performed within the previous 12 months, repaired or replaced systems or parts are operating properly, and the condition of the vehicle is in accordance with the established standards. The Administration may require a wheel or wheels to be pulled by the vehicle owners or mechanic, to verify condition and repair of brake and other systems. In the event of a change of vehicle ownership and before the vehicle is authorized to transport school children, the Administration may require a preventive maintenance inspection and accomplishment of any maintenance found necessary. Preventive Maintenance Inspection. Regular Inspection. Regular inspections shall be performed twice annually as required. This regulation does not apply to a: Class K (farm area) vehicle as defined in Transportation Article, §13-935, Annotated Code of Maryland; Construction vehicle working within the confines of a public works construction work project site as outlined in the construction project's plans and specifications, provided the distance travelled does not exceed 1 mile or the distance specified in an extension granted by the Maryland Department of Transportation; Construction vehicle or mining equipment while crossing a highway between construction or mining sites; or Vehicle, within the Port of Baltimore for a distance not to exceed 1 mile, carrying a load of loose material between a stockpile or storage facility and a vessel docked at the Port. This regulation applies to: Any vehicle, not otherwise exempted, manufactured on or before July 1, 1990 and carrying loose material if any part of the loose material is within 6 inches of the top of any bed enclosure it touches; Any vehicle, not otherwise exempted, manufactured after July 1, 1990 regardless of the loading of loose material; After January 1, 1992, any vehicle not otherwise exempted and regardless of loading of loose material. The requirements of this regulation apply only to the issuance and certification of a safety equipment repair order and do not apply to a complete inspection required upon sale or transfer of ownership of a used vehicle. A safety equipment repair order may be certified only if the cover is present, fully covers the top of the bed, and meets the requirements of this regulation. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 23-101—23-105, and 24-106.1, Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: Chapter revised effective October 3, 1980 (7:20 Md. R. 1880) Chapter revised effective October 31, 1988 (15:22 Md. R. 2557) Regulation .02 amended effective October 9, 1995 (22:20 Md. R. 1544) Regulation .05 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .06 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .10 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) Regulation .14 amended effective February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .16 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686); August 21, 2000 (27:16 Md. R. 1526); February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .19 amended effective February 1, 2012 (39:1 Md. R. 18) Regulation .23 adopted effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) The standards, requirements, and procedures set forth in this chapter are applicable to equipment originally installed by the manufacturer or required by federal or State requirement on trailers (including pole trailers, semitrailers, camping trailers, trailers so designed or manufactured for the purpose of moving modular homes, travel trailers) and any questions regarding these standards or specifications shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Maryland State Police. Any person constructing or reconstructing a vehicle shall assure the vehicle meets or exceeds all applicable federal and State safety standards. Inspect hitches, coupling devices, tongues, or drawbars on trailers and semitrailers for proper alignment, distortion, deformation, cracks, or missing parts. On vehicles equipped with a ball-type hitch, pintle hood, or drawbar means of attachment, inspect for presence, attachment, and size of safety chains or cables. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Inspect hitches, couplers, tongues, or drawbars on trailers and semitrailers for: A. (1) Proper alignment, distortion, deformation, cracks, or missing parts; (1) Hitch, coupler, tongue, or drawbar is improperly aligned, distorted, deformed, has any cracks or missing parts. (2) Presence and strength of safety chains or cables on vehicles equipped for a ball and hitch, pintle hook, or drawbar means of attachment. (2) Safety chains or cables on vehicles equipped for a ball and hitch, pintle hook, or drawbar means of attachment are severely worn, missing, broken, or not of sufficient strength to support the vehicle in the event the primary attachment device becomes uncoupled. B. On trailers or semitrailers to be coupled to a towing vehicle with a fifth wheel, inspect king pin for excessive wear. (3) Wear on king pin exceeds manufacturer's allowable tolerance. Suspension. Inspect the suspension system for missing, broken, damaged, worn, rusted, or modified wheel bearings, springs, or frame that would affect vehicle stability. Wheel Bearings. Wheel bearings out of adjustment can cause wander, unequal brake action, and noise due to interference of parts. Springs. Air Suspension. Some trailers and semitrailers may be equipped with air suspension systems. Inspection of the system consists of checking for air leaks, proper height, and ride level. CAUTION: The inspector should not use a creeper under the vehicle unless the vehicle is properly jacked and supported. Shock Absorbers (if equipped). Alignment. Inspect axles for broken, damaged, worn, rusted, bent, or modified axle beams, spindles, or mountings that affect wheel alignment, tracking, toe-in, caster, or camber enough to affect vehicle stability. Trailers and semitrailers to be registered up to 3,000 pounds GVWR are not required to be equipped with brakes. However, if such a trailer or semitrailer is equipped with brakes, all brakes shall meet minimum standards. Trailers and semitrailers to be registered from 3,001 pounds GVWR to 10,000 pounds GVWR shall be equipped with brakes on all wheels of at least one axle. Trailers and semitrailers to be registered over 10,000 pounds GVWR shall have brakes on all wheels. At least one wheel and drum shall be removed from each axle equipped with drum brakes. On disc brakes only wheel assembly removal is necessary. On trailers and semitrailers with brakes on more than one axle, wheel assembly removal shall be on alternate sides. Always inspect a brake assembly which shows evidence of leaking fluid or grease. Drums and Discs. Brake Linings or Pads. Mechanical Linkage. Hydraulic System. Air Brake Leakage. Before conducting these inspections, it may be desirable to install in the system an air gauge (0—150 psi) which has 5 or 10 psi increments, so that small changes in pressure can be more easily observed. Also, to eliminate the possibility of leakage being in the system of the towing vehicle, conduct air leakage tests on the uncoupled towing vehicle before inspecting the system of the trailer or semitrailer. Vacuum System. Actuator Reserve. Electric Brakes. Electric brakes are generally used on small and occasionally on large commercial trailers and semitrailers. Emergency Brake. Every trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer equipped with air or vacuum actuated brakes and every trailer, semitrailer, and pole trailer with a registered gross weight in excess of 3,000 pounds, manufactured or assembled after June 1, 1970, shall be equipped with brakes of a character to be applied automatically and promptly and remain applied for at least 15 minutes on breakaway from the towing vehicle. Tires. Wheels. Every trailer or semitrailer of a gross weight of 3,000 pounds or more when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with a permanent metal frame attached to the underside of the rear of the vehicle. The frame may not be any wider than the width of the vehicle and may not be more than 30 inches above the highway when moving and shall be constructed of heavy gauge steel. The maximum transverse distance from the widest part of the vehicle at the rear to the frame may not exceed 18 inches. The frame shall be constructed so as not to interfere with lights or other warning devices. Any trailer or semitrailer so constructed and maintained so that the body, chassis, or other parts thereof afford protection required by this section, shall be deemed to be in compliance. The provisions of this section do not apply to pole trailers or to vehicles where the installation of the required frame would prevent operation of the vehicle to secure its designed use. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Rear Metal Frame. Inspect frame for proper size, mounting, interference with lights or warning devices, and type of construction. A. (1) Rear protector frame does not conform to requirements. (2) Rear protector frame is missing when required. Every trailer or semitrailer when operated upon a highway shall be equipped with suitable metal protectors or substantial flexible flaps behind the rearmost wheels of the vehicle to prevent the projection of rocks, dirt, water, or other substances to the rear and to minimize side spray. This section does not apply to pole trailers or other vehicles if the construction is such that complete freedom around the wheel area is necessary to secure the designed use of the vehicle. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. The protectors or flaps shall have a ground clearance of not more than one-third of the horizontal distance from the bottom edge of the protector or flap to the centerline of the axle, provided, however, that no protector or flap need be closer to the ground than 6 inches under any condition of loading. The protector or flap shall extend laterally at least the width of the tire or tires being protected. A. Measurement A is longer than 1/3 the length of Measurement B (Figure 5) and the vehicle is not equipped with flaps or protectors or flaps are not of required length. B. If any trailer or semitrailer is so designed or constructed that the objectives of this section are accomplished by reason of fender or body construction or other means of enclosure, either permanent or temporary, then the requirements of this section have been satisfied. B. Protector or flap does not extend laterally at least the width of the tire or tires being protected.C. Protectors or flaps are not securely attached to the vehicle. Figure 5—REAR WHEEL PROTECTOR FLAP REQUIREMENTS. Fender inspection shall include condition, mounting, and coverage of wheels and tires. If the body or fenders of the vehicle do not provide coverage, the vehicle shall then be equipped with suitable metal protectors or substantial flexible flaps behind the rearmost wheels of the vehicle. This section does not apply to pole trailers or other vehicles where the construction is such that complete freedom around the wheel area is necessary to secure the designed use of the vehicle. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Fenders shall be securely attached to the vehicle and inspected for tears, sharp or jagged edges, sufficient coverage of the wheel and tire to the side and to the front and rear of tires and wheels. Fenders may be extended outward to compensate for tire or wheel changes provided the extensions: (1) Provide required coverage of wheels and tires; (2) Are constructed of substantial materials; (3) Are securely attached to the fenders; (4) Have all edges rolled to eliminate sharp or jagged edges; (5) Do not contact tires during different vehicle attitudes. A. (1) Fender has tears, sharp or jagged edges. (2) Fender is not securely attached to vehicle. (3) Fender does not extend outward enough to cover the top of the wheel band tire. (4) The rear of the rearmost fenders do not extend downward to the horizontal centerline of the wheel. (5) Front of all fenders do not extend forward from the vertical centerline of the wheel to at least a 45-degree angle of the horizontal centerline. (6) Fender is missing. (7) The vehicle is not equipped with flaps behind the rearmost wheels when required. General Lamp and Reflector Inspection. This includes all original equipment, exterior lighting plus whatever lights are authorized. (For definitions of lighting terms, refer to COMAR 11.14.04.12E and F.) Pole trailers and modular home trailers may have portable lamp devices which attach to the load when in use to comply with applicable regulations. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Visual Inspection of Lamp Function. Connect trailer or semitrailer to power source of towing vehicle. Turn on night driving lights of towing vehicle and visually inspect the following: A. (1) A required lamp is missing or fails to function. (2) Turn signals do not properly indicate right or left when so activated. (1) Actuate the turn signal lever of the towing vehicle to right and left; and observe function of turn signal lights of trailer or semitrailer (1962 or newer trailers, semitrailers, and pole trailers shall be so equipped). Turn signals shall emit red or amber light. (3) Any lamp shows color contrary to law (red or blue light to the front; white light to the rear, except license plate lamp). (4) A required lamp, lens, or reflector is obscured by any object or shielded by a nontransparent material. (2) Depress the brake pedal of the towing vehicle and observe the function of the stop lamps of the trailer orsemitrailer (1972 or newer trailers, semitrailers, and poletrailers shall have two red or amber stop lamps, all others one). (5) A lamp or reflector is not mounted to properly direct or reflect light. (6) A lamp assembly or reflector is loose or improperly mounted. (3) Observe function of tail lamps of trailer or semitrailer (Red: two on 1972 or newer vehicles; all others, one). (7) A tail lamp, stop lamp, or turn signal has a cracked or broken lens which emits a white light to the rear. (8) A lamp, lens, or reflector is not an approved type. (4) Observe function of license plate lamp of trailer or semitrailer (White: May be incorporated in tail lamp). (5) 1972 and newer model trailers and semitrailers shall be equipped with two red reflectors on the rear. All others, one. (Reflectors may be incorporated in tail lamps.) In addition, every trailer or semitrailer 80 inches or more in overall width shall be, and all other trailers or semitrailers may be, equipped as required in §A(6),(7), (8), and (9). (6) Side marker lamps: One amber, front, and one red, rear, on each side. Vehicles over 30 feet in overall length, one amber, centrally located with respect to length of the vehicle. (7) Reflectors: One amber, front, and one red, rear, on each side. Vehicles over 30 feet in overall length, one amber, centrally located with respect to the length of the vehicle. (Reflectors may be incorporated in side marker lamps.) (8) Clearance Lamps: Two amber, front, and two red, rear, to indicate the overall width of the vehicle. One on each side of the vertical centerline of the vehicle at the same height and as near the top of the vehicle as possible. If the vehicle is equipped with three red identification lamps on the top rear, the rear clearance lamps may be mounted at the top or bottom of the vehicle. (9) Identification Lamps: (Required on 1972 or newer trailers and semitrailers). Three red, rear, grouped in a horizontal row with lamp centers spaced not less than 6 inches or more than 12 inches apart and mounted on a permanent structure of the vehicle as close as possible to the vertical centerline of the vehicle. Pole trailers may be equipped with three red identification lamps visible to the rear, mounted on the rear of the cab of the towing vehicle, the bolster, or on the rear of the load provided they are visible. (10) Modular home trailers may be equipped with a bar light assembly provided it is bolted securely to the rear frame of the trailer. Figures 6—COMMERCIAL SEMI TRAILER LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS. Figures 7—SMALL TRAILER LIGHTING REQUIREMENTS. To save time, the inspector should develop his own plan or sequence for inspecting miscellaneous electrical items, many of which can be inspected while inspecting other items. Procedures: Reject Vehicle If: A. Inspect Electrical System: (1) Wiring shall be well insulated. A. (1) Wiring: (a) Insulation is bare, cracked, or broken. (b) Shows evidence of burning or short-circuiting. (2) Connections shall be tight and secure. (2) Connections are loose or show signs of excessive corrosion. This regulation does not apply to a: Class G (trailer) vehicle registered or capable of being registered under Transportation Article, §13-927, Annotated Code of Maryland, provided no part of the load is within 6 inches of the top of any of the enclosures the load touches; Construction vehicle working within the confines of a public works construction work project site as outlined in the construction project's plans and specifications, provided the distance traveled does not exceed 1 mile or the distance specified in an extension granted by the Maryland Department of Transportation; Construction vehicle or mining equipment while crossing a highway between construction or mining sites; or Vehicle, within the Port of Baltimore for a distance not to exceed 1 mile, carrying a load of loose material between a stockpile or storage facility and a vessel docked at the Port. A vehicle carrying loose material which is within 6 inches of the top of any of the enclosures the loose material touches, shall have the loose material covered by a firmly attached canvas or similar type covering. The requirements of this regulation apply only to the issuance and certification of a safety equipment repair order and do not apply to a complete inspection required upon sale or transfer of ownership of a used vehicle. A safety equipment repair order may be certified only if the cover is present, fully covers the top of the bed, and meets the requirements of this regulation. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 23-101—23-105, and 24-106.1, Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: COMAR 11.14.05 Noise Abatement Program recodified COMAR 11.14.07 Regulations .01—.10 Safety Standards for Trailers adopted effective October 31, 1988 (15:22 Md. R. 2557) Regulation .08 amended effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 687) Regulation .11 adopted effective April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 687) The standards, requirements, and procedures set forth in this chapter are applicable to equipment originally installed by a vehicle manufacturer or required by federal or State requirements on all vehicles designated as a 1968 or newer model year. Each vehicle has an emissions label in the engine compartment which indicates the emissions equipment originally installed on the vehicle. If the label is not present, refer to an emissions control application guide. Most 1975 and newer passenger cars and 1975 through 1978 light-duty trucks with a manufacturer's GVW of 6,000 pounds or less were originally equipped with a catalytic converter. Some passenger cars were not originally equipped with a converter until later model years, and 1979 and newer light-duty trucks with a manufacturer's GVW of 8,501 pounds or more may not have been originally equipped with a catalytic converter. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Program for Converter Replacement. If a vehicle is less than 5 model years old and has been driven less than 50,000 miles, any catalytic converter shall be replaced with OEM equipment. If a vehicle is more than 5 model years old or has been driven more than 50,000 miles, an EPA-approved new after market catalytic converter designed for the vehicle may be installed on the vehicle. An approved, reconditioned (used) catalytic converter may be installed provided the catalytic converter is an original type for the vehicle and has been certified by an EPA-approved testing facility. Vehicles originally equipped with a catalytic converter were also equipped with a fuel filler inlet restrictor to prevent the entry of a leaded fuel pump nozzle. Some later model light-duty trucks were not equipped with a catalytic converter but were equipped with a fuel filler inlet restrictor. The fuel filler inlet restrictor is required on these vehicles. All 1968 and newer passenger cars and 1968 through 1978 light-duty trucks with a manufacturer's GVW of 6,000 pounds or less, and 1979 and newer light-duty trucks with a manufacturer's GVW of 8,500 pounds or less are equipped with a crankcase ventilation system. Early model vehicles may be equipped with an open crankcase ventilation system where air is drawn in through the oil filler tube. Later model vehicles are equipped with a closed crankcase ventilation system where air is drawn in through the carburetor air cleaner. On this type system, the oil filler cap is sealed. Many 1968 and newer model vehicles are equipped with an air injection system which supplies air to the exhaust ports to extend the combustion process in the exhaust system. The system may be equipped with an external air pump. The pulse, aspirator, suction, or reed injection systems are not equipped with an air pump. Newer model vehicles may be equipped with an air pump which supplies air directly to the catalytic converter. Most 1973 and later model vehicles are equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation system to recirculate proper amounts of exhaust gases into the air/fuel mixture in the intake manifold. This recirculation into the manifold reduces combustion temperatures, thus reducing oxides of nitrogen (NOx). There are several types of EGR systems: a back pressure system which operates in conjunction with exhaust back pressure, a conventional system which operates on carburetor venturi vacuum, an electronically controlled system which operates from the engine computerized emissions control system, or a floor jet system which operates through jets in the floor of the intake manifold. Most 1971 and newer vehicles and some older models are equipped with an evaporative emissions system to collect and store gasoline vapors and gasoline from the carburetor and fuel system during engine operation or shut down. The vapors are collected and stored in a canister containing a charcoal filter and gasoline is returned to the fuel tank. The vapors are purged from the canister and drawn into the engine when the engine is started. A pressure vacuum gas cap is essential to the proper operation of this system. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b) and 23-104, Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: April 1, 1991 (18:6 Md. R. 686) The Transportation Article, §22-601, Annotated Code of Maryland, authorizes the Administrator, by regulation, to adopt maximum sound level limits for motor vehicles operated on the highways of the State. The Transportation Article, §22-603, Annotated Code of Maryland, authorizes the Administrator and the Maryland State Police to jointly promulgate regulations for the administration and enforcement of the maximum sound level limits for motor vehicles operated on the public highways of the State. The Transportation Article, §22-604, Annotated Code of Maryland, authorizes the Administrator to adopt regulations establishing maximum sound level limits for new motor vehicles sold, offered for sale, distributed, or leased in the State. The Transportation Article, §22-607, Annotated Code of Maryland, authorizes the Administrator to adopt regulations for the administration and enforcement of the limits established under Transportation Article, §22-605, Annotated Code of Maryland. The Transportation Article, §22-608, Annotated Code of Maryland, authorizes the Administrator to adopt regulations for the certification of new vehicles to be sold, offered for sale, distributed, or leased in the State. The Transportation Article, §22-610, Annotated Code of Maryland, authorizes the Administrator to adopt regulations for certification of exhaust mufflers, intake mufflers, and other noise abatement devices sold in this State. In this chapter, the following terms have the meanings indicated. Terms Defined. “dB(A)” means the accepted abbreviation for A-weighted sound level in decibels. “GCWR” means gross combination weight rating. “GVWR” means gross vehicle weight rating. “Ground cover” means any various low, dense growing plants, such as ivy, myrtle, low weeds, or brush. “Hard test site” means any test site having the ground surface covered with concrete, asphalt, packed dirt, gravel, or similar reflective material for more than 1/2 the distance between the microphone target point and the microphone location point. Highway. “Highway” has the meaning stated in Transportation Article, §11-127, Annotated Code of Maryland. “Highway” includes any road owned by or under the control of the State or any of its political subdivisions that is open to vehicular traffic and used by the public in general. “ISO” means the International Organization for Standardization. “Lmax” means maximum sound level measurement. “SAE” means Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., or its successor bodies. “Soft test site” means any test site having the ground surface covered with grass, other ground cover, or similar absorptive material for 1/2 or more of the distance between the microphone target and the microphone location point. “Sound level” means the A-weighted sound level obtained by the use of fast meter response and A-weighting characteristic specified in American National Standard S1.4—1971 “Specification for Sound Level Meters.” Noise Measurement. Regulations .04 through .12 apply to the measurement of noise of any: Motor vehicle while in motion; Stationary motor vehicle equipped with an engine governor; and Stationary motor vehicle without an engine governor. Noise Exemptions. These regulations do not apply to: The sound generated by a horn or other warning device when operated under the provisions of the Transportation Article, §22-401, Annotated Code of Maryland; The sound generated by an emergency motor vehicle when operating under the provisions of the Transportation Article, §22-106, Annotated Code of Maryland; The sound generated by transit and school buses. A person may not operate or permit to be driven on a highway of this State any motor vehicle or combination of vehicles at any time or at any speed, under any conditions of grade, load, acceleration, or deceleration in a manner which would exceed the sound level limits specified in Table 1, 2, or 3 for the category of vehicle. Measurements shall be made in accordance with the procedures and measuring device specifications adopted by the Administrator. Sound level limits are based on the use of the A-weighting network and fast Lmax meter response. Moving Vehicle Measurement Procedures. Measurement shall be made at a measurement site which is adjacent to, and includes, a portion of a traveled lane of a public highway. A microphone target point shall be established on the centerline of the traveled lane of the highway and a microphone location point shall be established on the ground surface 50 feet (15.2m) from the microphone target point. Within the site is a triangular measurement area. A plan view diagram of a standard site, having an open site within a 50 foot radius (15.2m) of both the microphone target point and the microphone location point, is shown in Figure 1. The sound level generated by the motor vehicle is the highest reading observed on the sound level measurement system as the vehicle passes through the measurement site. The sound level of the vehicle being measured shall be observed to rise at least 6 dB(A) before the maximum sound level occurs and to fall at least 6 dB(A) after the maximum sound level occurs. Standard Measurement Site Highway Operations. Figure 1. Stationary Vehicle Measurement Procedures for Vehicles Over 10,000 Pounds GVWR and GCWR. The motor vehicle to be tested shall be parked on a flat open area free of acoustically reflective surfaces (except those of the vehicle under test) that are within 15 feet of the microphone measuring position. See Figure 2 for microphone orientation. Before starting the sound level measurement, the vehicle engine should be at normal operating temperature. The microphone shall be located at a height equal to that of the exhaust discharge opening (but not less than 1 foot from the ground) and shall be positioned 3 feet from the exhaust opening with the microphone in a vertical or a grazing position and as far as possible from any acoustically reflective surfaces associated with the vehicle being tested, the inspecting officer, or the associated testing equipment. See Figure 2. All auxiliary equipment such as cranes, asphalt spreaders, liquid or slurry pumps, auxiliary air compressors, welders or trash compactors, which are installed on the motor vehicle and which are designed to operate under normal conditions when the vehicle is operating at a speed of 5 miles per hour (8 kph) or less, shall be turned off. If the motor vehicle engine radiator fan drive is equipped with a clutch or similar device that automatically reduces the rotational speed of the fan or completely disengages the fan from its power source in response to reduced engine cooling loads, park the vehicle before testing with the engine running at high idle or any other speed the operator may choose, for sufficient time but not more than 10 minutes, to permit the radiator fan to automatically disengage. Stationary measurements require that the microphone be located 3 feet from the vehicle exhaust opening, as shown in Figure 2. There shall be no acoustically reflective objects closer than 15 feet to the microphone measuring position except those of the vehicle under test, the inspecting officer, and the associated testing equipment. Standard Measurement Site Stationary Operations. A motor vehicle with a manual transmission shall be in neutral and the clutch engaged. A motor vehicle with an automatic transmissions shall be in park or in neutral. With the compression brake engaged (if the vehicle is so equipped) and the engine at idle, the sound level measurement shall be started. Then, the throttle shall be rapidly depressed to wide open and returned to idle speed. This procedure is repeated for a total of 3 engine run-ups during the measurement period. For vehicles without an engine speed governor, the engine shall be accelerated to approximately one-half throttle. If the motor vehicle is equipped with dual exhausts, these procedures shall be applied to both sides of the motor vehicle. If all 3 engine run-up maximum sound level measurements exceed the maximum permitted level specified in Table 3 for the category of the vehicle under test, a noise violation exists. This test procedure may be repeated if deemed necessary by the inspecting officer. Figure 2. 10,000 Pounds or Less GCWF or GCWR. The same procedures as described in Regulation .05B of this chapter are used. Motorcycle. The same procedures as described in Regulation .05B of this chapter are used. If the distance between the microphone location point and the microphone target point is a distance other than 50 feet (15.2m), this same distance will be used for the radius of the microphone location point and the microphone target point. The measurement site will be the area within both radii. See Figure 3. Non-Standard Measurement Site Highway Operations. Measurement Site. The measurement site shall be an open site, essentially free of large sound reflecting objects and not closer than 200 feet between the microphone target point and a tunnel or underpass. The following objects may be within the site including the triangular measurement area: Small cylindrical objects such as fire hydrants or telephone or utility poles; Rural mailboxes; Traffic railing of any type of construction except solid concrete barriers; and One or more curbs or surfaces having a vertical height of 1 foot (.3m) or less. The following objects may be within the measurement site if they are outside of the triangular measurement area of the site: Any vertical surface (such as billboards), regardless of size, having a lower edge more than 15 feet (4.6m) higher than the surface of the traveled lane of the highway. Any uniformly smooth sloping surfaces slanting away from the vehicle (such as a rise in grade alongside the highway) with a slope that is less than 45 degrees above the horizontal. See Figure 4. Any surface slanting away from the vehicle that is 45 degrees or more and not more than 90 degrees above the horizontal, if all points on the surface are more than 15 feet (4.6m) above the surface of the traveled lane of the highway. See Figure 5. Any standing water. The operator, a witness, or trainee. The operator, witness, or trainee shall be positioned behind the microphone but no closer than two feet to the microphone. Figure 4. Roadway Surface Requirements. The traveled lane of the highway within the measurement site shall be dry, paved with relatively smooth concrete or asphalt, and substantially free of: Holes or other defects which would cause a vehicle to emit irregular tire, body, or chassis impact noise; and Loose material such as gravel or sand. Ambient Conditions for Moving Vehicles and Stationary Sites. Sound. The ambient A-weighted sound level at the microphone location point may be measured, in the absence of motor vehicle noise emanating from within the clear zone, with fast meter response using a sound level measurement system that conforms to Regulation .10 of this chapter. The measured ambient sound level shall be 10 dB(A) or more below that level specified in Regulation .04 of this chapter, Table 1, 2, or 3, which corresponds to the maximum permissible sound level reading which is applicable at the test site at the time of measurement. Ambient sound levels need not be taken when a: Moving vehicle measurement rises to a maximum of 10 dB or more above the measurement start; or Stationary vehicle measurement rises to a maximum of 10 dB or more above the measurement level before each of the 3 engine run-up sound level maximums. Wind. The wind velocity at the site may be measured at the beginning of each series of noise measurements and at intervals of 5—15 minutes thereafter until it has been established that the wind velocity is essentially constant. Once this fact has been established, wind velocity measurements may be made at hourly intervals. Testing can be done if velocity is 12 mph (19.3kph) or less, but gust winds up to 20 mph (33.2kph) are allowed. Precipitation. Measurements are prohibited under any conditions of precipitation; however, measurements may be made with snow on the ground. The ground surface within the measurement area shall be free of standing water. Reflecting Surfaces within Measurement Sites for Moving Vehicles with a GVWR or GCWR of 10,000 Pounds or Less and Motorcycles. Measurements made at sites with sound reflecting surfaces located behind the microphone line or beyond the vehicle fore and aft center line and outside the triangular measurement area shall be adjusted by the factors in Table 4. If the reflecting surfaces are both behind the microphone and beyond the vehicle, they are additive. Measurements may not be made when a sound reflecting surface is less than 25 feet from the microphone or vehicle or when there are more than two reflecting surfaces within a site. Tables. The following tables are used for noise measurement site adjustments: Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. 10,000 Pounds or Less GVWR or GCWR. The same procedures as described in Regulation .05B of this chapter are used. Motorcycles. The same procedures as described in Regulation .05B of this chapter are used. Sound Level Meter. A precision sound level meter meeting all the requirements of American National Standards Specification for Sound Level Meters ANSI S1.4—1971, or later revision, for a type 1 or a type S-1A instrument shall be used. The sound level meter shall be calibrated and certified annually with a method traceable to the U.S. National Bureau of Standards to verify its performance within design tolerances. Acoustical Calibrator. An acoustical calibrator of the microphone coupler-type shall be used for calibration of the sound level meter. The frequency of the calibration signal shall be 1000 Hz, ±5 percent. The calibrator shall be adjusted and certified annually with a method traceable to the U.S. National Bureau of Standards to verify its correct performance within ±0.5 dB. Microphone Windscreen. A windscreen of the type recommended by noise meter manufacturers shall be used for all measurements to protect from wind noise. Installation of the windscreen may not cause a change in the sensitivity of more than ±.05 dB in the frequency range from 50 Hz to 5KHz or more then ±2 dB in the frequency range from 5 KHz. It is sufficient that this compliance be demonstrated only at the annual system calibration and certification. Anemometer. An anemometer, which has a steady-state accuracy within ±10 percent of any reading above 10 mpg (16 km/h), may be used to determine the wind velocity prevalent at the time of measurement. The microphone of a sound level measurement system for all moving vehicle measurements for vehicles over 10,000 pounds GVWR and GCWR shall be located at a height of not less than 2 feet (.6m) or more than 6 feet (1.8m) above the plane of the roadway surface and not less than 3-1/2 feet (1.1m) above the surface on which the microphone stands. The preferred microphone height on flat terrain is 4 feet (1.2m). Stationary Vehicle Measurements for All Vehicles. 10,000 or less GVWR or GCWR. The same procedures as described in Regulation .05B of this chapter are used. Motorcycles. The same procedure as described in Regulation .05B of this chapter are used. Microphone Orientation. The microphone shall be pointed approximately straight upward so that the vehicle noise reaching the microphone from any point within the measurement site strikes the microphone at grazing incidence (parallel to the microphone diaphragm). Meter Operation. The sound level meter shall be operated according to the manufacturer's instructions and this section. The meter shall be set for A-weighting and fast response. The sound level meter shall be calibrated with the acoustic calibrator before the start of use and then at approximately 1 hour intervals when the instrument is in use. The operator may not stand at any point in the measurement site that lies on a line passing through the vehicle and the microphone. An operator, witness, or trainee may be positioned behind the microphone but no closer than 2 feet from the microphone. Background Sound Level. The sound level, including that from other vehicles, wind effects, and all other sources of noise except the vehicle being measured, shall be at least 10 dB lower than the maximum sound level of the vehicle at the time of the measurement. Meter Reading. The sound level reading of a moving vehicle or a stationary vehicle shall be at the highest reading observed for each measurement period. The operator shall keep written and signed records on prescribed forms. The forms shall include at least the following: Location of measurement site and posted speed, if applicable; Date and time of day of the measurements; Name of operator making the measurements; Identifying numbers of measurement equipment; and For every violation observed, a description of vehicle, the lane of operation (except for stationary vehicle measurements), the sound level reading as defined in this chapter, the maximum permitted sound level, the time, the enforcement action taken if any, wind speed, calibration times, and any other information deemed necessary. A person may not sell, offer for sale, distribute, or lease a new motor vehicle that produces a sound level that exceeds the sound level limit specified in Table 5 for the category of vehicle when measured under the moving vehicle test site procedures established by Regulation .14 of this chapter. Compliance with the sound level limits established in this chapter may not be construed as limiting or precluding the enforcement of other regulations establishing maximum sound levels under approved test procedures. Table 5. All moving vehicle tests shall be conducted in accordance with the recommended practices referenced in §§B, C, and D of this regulation. All stationary vehicle tests shall be in accordance with the recommended practices of ISO 5130 1982 E. The maximum sound emission test procedure for vehicles having a GVWR GCWR in excess of 10,000 pounds shall be that contained in the SAE Standard J986b, Exterior Sound Level for Heavy Trucks and Buses, except buses with automatic transmissions that cannot be manually held in gear. These vehicles shall be tested according to a modified J366 test which results in achieving the transmission shift from 1st to 2nd gear in the end zone during wide open throttle acceleration from a standing start. For 1983 and subsequent model year street motorcycles manufactured after December 31, 1982, the test shall be that contained in Appendix I Subparts D and E, Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations Part 205 (40 CFR 205). The maximum sound emission test procedure for vehicles having a GVWR or GCWR of 10,000 pounds or less shall be that contained in SAE Standard J876b, Sound Level for Passenger Cars and Light Trucks. Deviation from ISO and SAE Standards and Practices. The Administration considers ISO 5130 1982 E and SAE standards and recommended practices to contain minimum requirements. In conducting tests in compliance with these procedures, the Administration may deviate from the literal requirements when it appears that the integrity of the test methods can be better preserved. Using instrumentation having greater precision or adding additional equipment to provide more accuracy in determining test conditions, and reducing the presence of objects in the test zone are examples of deviations from the referenced texts. The appendices attached to the referenced texts contain recommended sound level limits that are not appropriate to this regulation and are therefore deleted. Each vehicle manufacturer or distributor of vehicles of a type subject to this chapter, that are to be sold or distributed in this State, shall certify to the Administrator that all vehicles to be sold or distributed are in compliance with the provisions of this chapter. The certification shall be: Filed annually; Filed before the date of introduction of a new model; and Accompanied by a list of models of the same model year that are available outside of this State that do not comply with the provisions of this chapter. Supplemental certifications are required before the date of introduction for new models introduced during the current model year. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 22-601, 22-603, 22-605, 22-607, 22-608, 22-610, Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: Regulations .01A, .02B, C, E, .03, and .04 adopted effective October 1, 1975 (2:22 Md. R. 1370) Regulations .01B, .05—.08 adopted effective December 24, 1975 (2:29 Md. R. 1741) Regulations .01C, .02, .09—.11 adopted effective October 1, 1975 (2:22 Md. R. 1371) Regulations .07, .09, and .11 amended effective November 11, 1977 (4:24 Md. R. 1806) Chapter revised effective April 9, 1984 (11:7 Md. R. 626) Annotation: COMAR 11.14.05 cited in Attorney General Opinion No. 83-025 (June 15, 1983) COMAR 11.14.05 Noise Abatement Program recodified to COMAR 11.14.07 Chapter revised effective April 17, 2000 (27:7 Md. R. 706) Scope. The Vehicle Emissions Inspection Program requires all subject vehicles to be inspected biennially as scheduled by the Administration. Applicability. Unless exempt under Regulation .04 of this chapter, a vehicle is subject to the provisions of this chapter if it is: Registered within the emissions inspection area; Owned or leased by a federal, State, or local government, and assigned and operated within the emissions inspection area for more than 60 days in a calendar year; or Owned or leased by an employee of the federal government, and operated on any property or facility owned by the federal government within the emissions inspection area for more than 60 days in a calendar year. Table 1. Test Procedure Applicability. In this chapter, the following documents are incorporated by reference: Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C §7521, §7541, and §7545, as amended; 40 CFR §85.1902(d), as amended; 40 CFR §85.2207, as amended; 40 CFR §85.2222, as amended; 40 CFR §85.2231, as amended; 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart S, as amended; and 42 U.S.C. §9902(2), as amended. In this chapter, the following terms have the meanings indicated. Terms Defined. “Administration” means the Maryland Department of Transportation Motor Vehicle Administration. “ASE” means the National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence. “Audit” means a periodic quality assurance check, performed by the Administration or the Department, on equipment, records, and personnel regulated under this chapter. “Auditor” means an employee or designee of the Administration or the Department who performs audits. “Certificate” means a vehicle inspection report issued electronically or on paper by the Administration or a designee of the Administration, which certifies that a vehicle has undergone an emissions inspection “Certified emissions repair facility” means a business certified by the Department which: Engages in emissions-related repairs to vehicles; and Meets the requirements of Regulation .19 of this chapter. “Contractor” means a business under contract with the State to operate and manage the vehicle emissions inspection program. “Date of scheduled inspection” means a specific date, as assigned by the Administration, by which a vehicle shall be inspected. “Dealer” means a person licensed under Transportation Article, §15-302, Annotated Code of Maryland. “Department” means the Maryland Department of the Environment. “Emissions control device” means a design element or device installed on a motor vehicle by the vehicle manufacturer to comply with the standards of the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §7521, including, but not limited to, the oxygen sensor, catalytic converter, the fuel inlet restrictor; and devices integral to the: On-board diagnostics system; Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system; Evaporative emissions control system; Positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system; Air injection system; Fuel metering system; and Ignition system. “Emissions inspection area” means Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Calvert, Carroll, Cecil, Charles, Frederick, Harford, Howard, Montgomery, Prince George's, Queen Anne's, and Washington counties, and Baltimore City. “Emissions-related recall” means a manufacturer plan to remedy vehicle emissions-related defects or nonconformity with new vehicle emissions standards through either a voluntary emissions recall as defined in 40 CFR §85.1902(d), or a remedial plan determination made pursuant to the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §7541. “Emissions-related repair” means the inspection, adjustment, repair, or replacement of motor vehicle engine systems, subsystems, or components necessary to bring a vehicle into compliance with the emissions standards set forth in this chapter. “Emissions standard” means a requirement that relates to the operation or maintenance of a motor vehicle to ensure continuous emissions reduction. “Fail certificate” means a certificate which indicates that a vehicle is not in compliance with an emissions inspection standard. “Fleet inspection station” means an establishment licensed by the Department to perform certain emissions inspections. “Initial inspection” means the first inspection of a vehicle in an inspection cycle. “Inspection cycle” means an approximate 2-year period which begins with the date of scheduled inspection. “Inspector” means a person authorized to perform official vehicle emissions inspections under this chapter. “Master certified emissions technician” means an individual who meets the provisions of Regulation .18 of this chapter. “Misfueling” means the introduction of improper fuel into a vehicle as prohibited under the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §7545. “Model year” means the vehicle model year as designated by the manufacturer or the model year designated by the Administration for a vehicle constructed by other than the original manufacturer. “Motor vehicle” has the meaning stated in Transportation Article, §11-135, Annotated Code of Maryland. "Motorist assistance center” means a resource center operated by the contractor that provides technical emissions-related repair guidance to motorists and vehicle repair technicians. “On-board diagnostics” means an emissions control diagnostics system installed on a vehicle as required by the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §7521(m), which identifies deterioration or malfunction of vehicle systems and stores the information for retrieval. “Pass certificate” means a certificate which indicates that a vehicle is in compliance with all applicable emissions standards. “Recognized repair technician” means a person who: Performs vehicle repairs as a profession, or is certified as a master certified emissions technician under this chapter; and Is employed at a facility whose purpose is vehicle repair. “Registered gross vehicle weight” means the total vehicle weight including load as designated on the vehicle registration record of the Administration. “Vehicle” means motor vehicle. “Vehicle emissions inspection station” means a facility approved by the Administration to conduct emissions inspections pursuant to this chapter. “Waiver” means a determination made by the Administration or a designee of the Administration that the provisions set forth in Regulation .07 of this chapter have been met. “Zero-emission vehicle” has the meaning stated in Transportation Article, §23-206.4, Annotated Code of Maryland. The vehicles in §B of this regulation are exempt from the provisions of this chapter. Exempt vehicles include the following vehicles: A zero-emission vehicle; A fire or rescue apparatus or ambulance, owned or leased by a state or local government, by a rescue squad, or by a volunteer fire or ambulance company, registered as an emergency vehicle as defined in Transportation Article, §11-118, Annotated Code of Maryland; A vehicle registered as a Class D motorcycle; A vehicle registered as a Class E truck with a registered gross vehicle weight greater than 26,000 pounds; A vehicle registered as a Class E farm truck; A vehicle registered as a Class F truck tractor; A vehicle registered as a Class F farm truck tractor; A vehicle registered as a Class H school vehicle; A vehicle registered as a Class K farm area vehicle; A vehicle registered as a Class L historic vehicle; A vehicle registered as a Class N street rod vehicle; A vehicle registered as a Class P passenger bus; A vehicle registered as a Class R low speed vehicle; A vehicle powered solely by electricity or diesel fuel; A vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of 8,500 pounds or less and of model year earlier than 1996; or A military vehicle owned by the federal government and used for tactical, combat, or relief operations, or for training for these operations. The owner of a nonexempt vehicle shall present the vehicle for a biennial inspection as scheduled by the Administration. Schedule for Vehicle Inspection. The Administration shall assign each vehicle required to be inspected a date of scheduled inspection for each inspection cycle, and shall send a notice to the vehicle owner before the assigned date. A vehicle owner shall present the vehicle for a scheduled inspection after receipt of notification, but not later than the date of scheduled inspection. Unscheduled Inspection. A new resident of Maryland who owns a vehicle for which a date of scheduled inspection has not been established by the Administration, and who chooses to have the vehicle inspected before titling and registration of the vehicle, may present the vehicle for inspection without notification, and the date the vehicle is initially inspected becomes the date of scheduled inspection. An existing resident who wishes to change a date of a scheduled inspection may request that the Administration change the scheduled date. The Administration shall have sole discretion in granting a request under §B(3)(b) of this regulation. A vehicle that is registered out-of-State or a federal government vehicle may be presented for inspection as required by the state or the federal government, and an unscheduled inspection will be performed. New Vehicles. For a vehicle that has not been previously titled or registered in any jurisdiction and for which the ownership document is a manufacturer's certificate of origin, the Administration shall assign a date of scheduled inspection which is at least 72 months after the model year of the vehicle. Change of Address. Transportation Article, §13-414, Annotated Code of Maryland, requires the owner of a vehicle to notify the Administration of a change of address within 30 days of the change. For purposes of this subsection, the term “address” means the bona fide domicile of the vehicle owner, as defined in COMAR 11.11.06. If a vehicle owner moves from an address outside of the emissions inspection area to an address within the emissions inspection area, the Administration shall establish a date of scheduled inspection. Transfer of Ownership. If a vehicle undergoes transfer of ownership within the emissions inspection area, the Administration shall establish a date of scheduled inspection upon vehicle registration. Out-of-State Vehicles. Unless otherwise exempt, a vehicle which has been previously titled or registered in a jurisdiction outside Maryland shall be assigned a date of scheduled inspection upon registration in the emissions inspection area. Compliance With Emissions-Related Recalls. The owner of a vehicle scheduled for inspection under this chapter shall have vehicle repairs performed as required by an emissions-related recall notice before presenting the vehicle for inspection. A vehicle found not to have had repairs performed as required by an emissions-related recall notice shall be rejected from inspection. The vehicle owner shall demonstrate compliance to the satisfaction of the Administration before the vehicle is inspected. Reinspection. The owner of a vehicle which has failed an inspection shall present the vehicle for reinspection on or before the date of scheduled inspection or, if applicable, the extension expiration date and after emissions-related repairs have been performed on the vehicle. The vehicle owner shall provide documentation, in a form prescribed by the Administration, indicating all of the following information for the vehicle: The emissions-related repairs which were performed; By whom the emissions-related repairs were performed; and Any emissions-related repairs recommended by the repair technician which were not performed. A vehicle presented for reinspection without the documentation required in §D(2) of this regulation shall be rejected from reinspection. Rejection from Inspection or Reinspection. Rejection from inspection or reinspection does not alter the schedule for vehicle inspection specified in §§A and B of this regulation. General Requirements. During each inspection cycle, a vehicle inspected under this chapter shall be issued a certificate that indicates the inspection status of the vehicle for the inspection cycle in a manner prescribed by the Administration. Pass Certificate. If a vehicle meets all applicable standards during an inspection, the vehicle is considered to be in compliance for the assigned inspection cycle, and shall be issued a pass certificate which includes a statement certifying that the inspection was performed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. Fail Certificate. If a vehicle does not meet all applicable standards during an inspection, the vehicle is considered not to be in compliance and shall be issued a fail certificate which includes the following information: The type of failure and the reason for failure; and A statement indicating any availability of warranty coverage as provided by the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §7541. General Requirements. A waiver is valid until the next date of scheduled inspection. Repair Waiver. The owner of a vehicle for which a fail certificate has been issued may apply to the Administration for a waiver from inspection standards for the assigned inspection cycle if all of the following requirements are met: All applicable warranty coverage has been used, or the vehicle manufacturer or a dealer has issued written denial of the warranty coverage provided for vehicles by the Clean Air Act, 42 U.S.C. §7541; The vehicle has received emissions-related repairs appropriate to the cause of inspection failure, and the repairs have been performed by a recognized repair technician; Emissions control devices have not been tampered with or removed, and the vehicle has not been misfueled; and The owner satisfies the requirements of State law, except for provisions which are superseded by federal law. The vehicle owner shall submit proof of expenditures for repairs with the waiver application in a form and content acceptable to the Administration. Repair costs, including parts and labor, are limited to only those repairs necessary to bring the vehicle into compliance with applicable emissions standards, and do not include costs: Determined to be necessary to correct tampering with or the removal of an emissions control device, or to repair damage resulting from misfueling; or Associated with the repair or replacement of the exhaust system or any of its components. The Administration or the contractor shall evaluate each waiver application, examine the vehicle for verification of repairs and the presence of required emissions control devices, and may issue a waiver if the provisions of this chapter are met. The Administration or the contractor may require approval by the motorist assistance center prior to issuing a waiver. The Administration may grant a time extension to a waiver applicant so that additional repairs may be obtained, or to adequately evaluate and verify the contents of the waiver application. Senior Citizens. A waiver may be granted to a vehicle owner who is 70 years of age or older at the time of the scheduled inspection for a vehicle that is driven 5,000 miles or less per year. In the case of more than one owner of a vehicle, all owners listed on the vehicle title must meet the age requirement. All information provided by the vehicle owner is subject to verification by the Administration. Disabled Persons. A waiver may be granted to the owner of a vehicle for which special registration plates have been issued under Transportation Article, §13-616, Annotated Code of Maryland, and which is driven 5,000 miles or less per year. In the case of more than one owner of a vehicle, all owners listed on the vehicle title must meet the disability requirements. All information provided by the vehicle owner is subject to verification by the Administration. Deployed Military Personnel. A waiver may be granted to a vehicle owner who is an active duty member of the armed services of the United States if the following requirements are met: The vehicle owner has received military orders: For deployment outside the United States; or To a duty station in a jurisdiction that is not subject to a vehicle emissions control inspection and maintenance program. All owners listed on the vehicle title have certified that at least one owner of the vehicle has met the criteria of §E(1)(a) of this regulation. All information provided by the vehicle owner is subject to verification by the Administration. The Administration may grant a time extension for a vehicle owner to comply with the requirements of this chapter. An extension may be granted only if the Administration determines that the vehicle owner has made efforts to have the vehicle inspected or repaired and circumstances have developed which are beyond the reasonable control of the vehicle owner. An extension shall be of the shortest duration possible, as determined by the Administration. The Administration may grant a time extension for a vehicle registered in the emissions inspection area but operated in or assigned to an area outside of the emissions inspection area. The vehicle owner shall present the vehicle for inspection upon its return to the emissions inspection area. Economic Hardship. The Administration may grant a time extension, not to exceed the period of the inspection cycle, to a motorist to obtain needed repairs on a vehicle in the case of economic hardship. The vehicle owner shall submit documentation, subject to verification by the Administration, that all vehicle owners listed on the vehicle title meet the Federal Poverty Level Guidelines as updated annually in the Federal Register by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services under authority of 42 U.S.C. §9902(2). The requirements of this chapter relating to vehicle inspection shall be enforced by the Administration through the use of administrative sanctions in the form of: Suspension of vehicle registration; Denial of vehicle registration renewal; or Confiscation of the vehicle registration plates. If the vehicle is not issued a pass certificate, a waiver, or an extension on or before the date of scheduled inspection or, if applicable, the extension expiration date, a notice of suspension of registration shall be forwarded to the vehicle owner of record by the Administration. The notice shall: Contain vehicle identification information and a suspension date which is at least 15 days after the date of the notice; and Provide a means for the owner to resolve, to the satisfaction of the Administration, any issues so that the Administration may cancel the impending suspension. Suspension. If the issues which led to the notice of suspension of registration are not resolved before the suspension date, the vehicle registration shall be suspended and the owner shall forward the vehicle registration plates to the Administration. If the vehicle owner fails to comply with the suspension, the Administration may issue an order to confiscate the vehicle registration plates. If the vehicle registration is suspended and a pass certificate, a waiver, or an extension has not been issued, the vehicle registration remains suspended and subsequent renewal of registration shall be denied until the vehicle is in compliance with the requirements of this chapter. Idle Exhaust Emissions Test. A vehicle shall fail if sample dilution occurs. Hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions may not exceed the following values: Table 2. Gross vehicle weight greater than 8,500 pounds but less than or equal to 10,000 pounds. Table 3. Gross vehicle weight greater than 10,000 pounds: Gas Cap Leak Test. A vehicle shall fail if the gas cap is missing, broken, or the wrong style for the vehicle. The gas cap leak rate may not exceed 60 cubic centimeters per minute at a pressure of 30 inches of water column. On-Board Diagnostics Test. A vehicle shall fail if a component of the on-board diagnostics system is missing or damaged. Standards for the on-board diagnostics test are specified in 40 CFR §85.2207 and 40 CFR §85.2222. Emissions Related Recall. An inspector shall reject from inspection a vehicle which has not had repairs performed as required by an emissions-related recall notice, as specified in Regulation .05C of this chapter. Vehicle Preparation. Before vehicle inspection, the inspector shall visually check the vehicle for a condition which has potential to cause injury, damage the inspection station or the test equipment, or invalidate the inspection, including, but not limited to: Overheating; Leaks of coolant, oil, or fuel; Visible tailpipe emissions other than steam; or A missing, damaged, or leaking exhaust system. If an unsafe condition or an exhaust leak is found, the inspector shall reject the vehicle from testing. If an unsafe condition develops during a test, the inspector shall abort the inspection. The inspector shall ensure that all vehicle accessories are turned off. Idle Exhaust Emissions Test. Test Equipment. Idle exhaust emission test equipment shall be approved by the Administration and the Department. Test Procedures. The inspector shall fail the vehicle if sample dilution occurs. Except as provided in §A(2)(a) of this regulation, the inspector shall conduct the idle exhaust emissions test in accordance with the procedures specified in 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart S. Catalytic Converter Check. If the vehicle is required to be equipped with a catalytic converter, the inspector shall check for the presence of the catalytic converter, and fail the vehicle if a catalytic converter is not present. Gas Cap Leak Test. Test Equipment. Gas cap leak test equipment shall be approved by the Administration and the Department. Test Procedures. The inspector shall remove the gas cap from the vehicle, attach the gas cap to the test equipment, perform the leak test, return the gas cap to the vehicle, and properly tighten the gas cap on the vehicle. On-Board Diagnostics Test. Test Equipment. On-board diagnostics test equipment shall: Be approved by the Administration and the Department; and Meet the requirements and functions specified in 40 CFR §85.2231. Test Procedures. The inspector shall fail the vehicle if a component of the on-board diagnostics system is missing or damaged. Except as provided in §D(2)(a) of this regulation, the inspector shall conduct the on-board diagnostics test following the test procedure specified by the equipment manufacturer, and in accordance with the procedures specified in 40 CFR §85.2222. Failed Vehicle. The contractor shall provide information as to the reason for the vehicle failure to the operator of a failed vehicle The contractor or the Administration may refer the vehicle operator to the motorist assistance center. Reinspection. The inspector shall reject from reinspection a vehicle: For which the documentation required in Regulation .05D(2) of this chapter is not provided; or Which had failed with an on-board diagnostics fault code related to the catalyst or evaporative emissions control system, and the applicable readiness monitor is not set. The inspector shall collect the documentation required in Regulation .05D(2) of this chapter from the operator of each vehicle which is reinspected. For reinspection, the inspector shall perform the same inspection procedures as the initial inspection and apply the same inspection standards. The Contractor shall develop, maintain, and modify as required by the Administration and the Department a comprehensive quality assurance and maintenance plan for vehicle emissions inspection stations complying with the provisions of this chapter, and shall implement the quality assurance plan after approval of the plan by the Administration and the Department. The contractor shall include the following information in the quality assurance plan: Test assurance procedures to be conducted by the contractor for each test; Periodic quality assurance check procedures and precision check procedures to be conducted by the contractor on the test equipment; For each test assurance procedure, periodic quality assurance check, and precision check conducted by the contractor, the: Primary standard to which each instrument, device, or material used for a check is traceable, Acceptable tolerance for each check, Corrective action to be taken for a check result outside of the acceptable tolerance, and Recheck procedure to follow corrective action; Maintenance procedures to be conducted by the contractor on the test equipment, which follow the equipment manufacturers' specifications at a minimum; and Record-keeping practices to be conducted by the contractor. If a test assurance procedure is failed, the contractor shall record the event and void the test. If a periodic quality assurance check or precision check is failed, the contractor shall record the event, automatically prevent official testing, and take immediate corrective action. Maintenance Log. The contractor shall keep a maintenance log for each test system, in a form which has been approved by the Administration and the Department, and shall record each maintenance event in the log. Failure of the contractor to properly maintain equipment or to properly keep a maintenance log may be cause for the Administration or the Department to suspend official testing until the contractor takes corrective action which has been approved by the Administration or the Department. The contractor shall keep each maintenance log for the duration of the vehicle emissions inspection program unless otherwise directed by the Department. The contractor shall allow access to inspection equipment, personnel, and records for Administration or Department personnel to perform quality assurance audits. Failure of a quality assurance audit may be cause for the Administration or the Department to suspend official testing until the contractor takes corrective action which has been approved by the Administration or the Department. General Requirements. The contractor shall make available to the Administration or the Department, as required, vehicle emissions inspection station equipment and personnel to perform quality assurance checks and program evaluation functions. The contractor shall collect, maintain, and make available to the Administration and the Department, as required, inspection data and inspection station operation data in compliance with the provisions of this chapter. Fees. The fee established in COMAR 11.11.05 shall be paid during or before an initial inspection or a second or subsequent reinspection. The late fee established in COMAR 11.11.05 shall be paid during or before an initial inspection or reinspection performed after the date of scheduled inspection, or if applicable, after the extension expiration date. The fee established in COMAR 11.11.05 shall be paid during or before an inspection performed but not required under this chapter. The contractor shall accept payment of inspection, reinspection, and late fees in cash or personal check, or with a major credit card which has been approved for use by the Administration. Inspector Training. The contractor shall develop, maintain, and modify, as required by the Administration and the Department, an inspector training program to include both classroom and hands-on training, with provisions for initial and periodic in-service training. The contractor shall use the training program after the program has been approved by the Administration and the Department. The contractor shall provide training that meets the provisions of this chapter to each inspector before the inspector may perform inspections. The contractor shall provide periodic in-service inspector training over a period established by the Administration and the Department. Inspector Performance. The performance of an inspector may be periodically reviewed by the Administration and the Department, either overtly or covertly. Correction. The contractor shall ensure that any failure of an inspector at a vehicle emissions inspection station to adequately implement the provisions of this chapter is corrected. Correction may include retraining or dismissal of the inspector. The contractor shall issue a report containing information on test results of a vehicle which has failed an emissions inspection to an individual seeking to have repairs performed on the vehicle. The contractor shall: Make the report available electronically to vehicle owners, certified emissions repair facilities, and master certified emissions technicians; and Provide read-only, convenient, and standardized access. The contractor shall include information specified by the Administrator and the Department in the report. Initial Application and Certification. To qualify for certification, an individual shall: Successfully complete an orientation course approved by the Department; Demonstrate 5 years of full-time employment experience as an automotive technician performing emissions-related repairs on on-road vehicles, except that an individual with 2 full years of full-time education related to the repair of on-road vehicles need only demonstrate 4 years of the required employment; and Possess all of the following current, valid ASE certifications: Electrical Systems (A-6), Engine Performance (A-8), and Advanced Engine Performance Specialist (L-1). An individual qualifying for certification may submit an application to the Department. Upon approval of the application, the Department shall provide documentation of certification. Certification is valid through the earliest of the following dates: The expiration date of the individual's ASE Electrical Systems (A-6) certification; The expiration date of the individual's ASE Engine Performance (A-8) certification; or The expiration date of the individual's ASE Advanced Engine Performance Specialist (L-1) certification. Certification Renewal. An individual with current, valid certification may apply for certification renewal within 60 days before certification expiration. To renew a certification, an individual shall: Submit an application to the Department; and Possess current, valid applicable ASE certifications as required in §A of this regulation. Certification renewed under this section is valid through the applicable date defined in §A of this regulation. Suspension, Revocation, and Denial of Certification. The Department may suspend, revoke, or deny renewal of a certification if the certified individual: Knowingly communicates any false, inaccurate, or misleading information to any person or in any certificate, record, or document regarding the vehicle emissions inspection program; Fraudulently or deceptively obtains or attempts to obtain a certification; or Fails an audit under this regulation. An individual whose certification has been suspended may be subject to: Additional training or testing as approved by the Department before the certification is reinstated; or Revocation of a certification for which suspension has exceeded 6 months. An individual whose certification has been revoked may reapply for certification according to the procedures of §A of this regulation, if: At least 90 days have elapsed since the revocation; and The individual has taken corrective action approved by the Department. Performance Audit. The Department shall conduct an audit of the performance of a master certified emissions technician periodically. The audit shall include an evaluation of vehicle repair history. Initial Application and Certification. To qualify for certification, a person shall: Submit an application to the Department; Maintain a repair facility capable of making emissions-related adjustments and repairs; Possess all required equipment as listed in §C of this regulation; Pass an audit as defined in §F of this regulation; and Employ all required personnel as listed in §D of this regulation. Suspension, Revocation, and Denial of Certification. The Department may suspend, revoke, or deny a certification under any of the following conditions: False, inaccurate, or misleading information is knowingly communicated to any person or in any certificate, record, or document regarding the vehicle emissions inspection program; Certification is obtained, or attempted to be obtained, fraudulently or deceptively; An audit under §F of this regulation is failed; or Evidence is exhibited that vehicles repaired by the facility under this chapter have repeatedly failed reinspections. The Department may reinstate a suspended certification upon the resumption of compliance by the facility with the requirements of this chapter. Upon revocation of certification a person shall, within 10 business days, return to the Department all materials which were issued as a result of the certification, including any signs and documents, and remove any other materials which may lead the public to believe that the facility continues to be certified. A person whose certification has been revoked may reapply for certification according to the procedures of §A of this regulation if: At least 90 days have elapsed since the revocation; and Corrective action approved by the Department has been taken. Equipment and Tool Requirements. A certified emissions repair facility shall possess and update as required diagnostic equipment and tools as specified by the Department, including but not limited to: Emissions diagnostic and repair information for affected model year vehicles; A scan tool to extract fault codes from any vehicle equipped with on-board diagnostics; A multimeter; A fuel or hydraulic pressure gauge; A vacuum gauge; A vacuum pump; and A compression tester or cylinder leak down tester. Personnel Requirements. A certified emissions repair facility shall ensure that only a master certified emissions technician diagnoses emissions-related faults, and supervises or performs emissions-related repairs and adjustments to bring vehicles into compliance with the provisions of this chapter. A certified emissions repair facility shall employ at least one full-time master certified emissions technician at each certified emissions repair facility location and ensure that a master certified emissions technician: Is routinely scheduled to work during the advertised operating hours of the facility; and Provides documentation, in a form prescribed by the Administration and the Department, on the vehicle repairs performed and certifies that the repairs have been performed or supervised by a master certified emissions technician. Equipment Quality Assurance. For all equipment required under this regulation, a certified emissions repair facility shall follow, at a minimum, the manufacturer's specifications for maintenance and calibration, and the procedures established by the Department. Audits. A certified emissions repair facility shall allow access to Department personnel to conduct audits of the facility. Audits will be conducted at random and with no prior notification. An audit shall include: A review of vehicle repair history; and Checks of record-keeping, equipment, and compliance with personnel requirements. Audit failure is cause for suspension, revocation, or denial of facility certification. Record Keeping. A certified emissions repair facility shall maintain the following records, separately and in chronological order, for a period of 3 years, at the facility or at an alternative location approved by the Department: Records of quality assurance procedures in compliance with the provisions of this chapter; and Vehicle repair records. A certified emissions repair facility shall make the records available for inspection or for duplication upon request of the Department. Initial Application and Licensure. A fleet inspection station license authorizes the licensee to inspect those vehicles that are part of the fleet designated by the licensee. A person seeking licensure of an establishment as a fleet inspection station shall apply on forms provided by the Department. To qualify for licensure, an establishment shall comply with the following requirements: Maintain a repair facility capable of making emissions-related adjustments and repairs; Possess and update as required diagnostic equipment and tools as specified by the Department, including but not limited to: Emissions diagnostic and repair information for affected model year vehicles; A multimeter; A fuel or hydraulic pressure gauge; A vacuum gauge; A vacuum pump; and A compression tester or cylinder leak down tester. Allow access to Department personnel to perform quality assurance checks on equipment and personnel; Employ at least one master certified emissions technician; Ensure that a master certified emissions technician performs all inspections, adjustments, and repairs required to bring vehicles into compliance with the provisions of this chapter; and Ensure that each master certified emissions technician undergoes initial test equipment operation and maintenance training, and periodic re-training as required by the Department. License Suspension and Revocation. The Department may suspend or revoke a license if the licensee: Fraudulently or deceptively obtains a license; Fails at any time to meet the qualifications for a license or to fulfill any requirement, procedure, or standard established in this chapter; or Fails an audit under §C of this regulation. A licensee whose license has been suspended may be subject to additional personnel training or inspection as approved by the Department before the license is reinstated. A licensee whose license has been revoked may reapply if: At least 90 days have elapsed since the revocation; and The licensee has taken corrective action approved by the Department. Upon revocation of a license, a licensee shall deliver to the Department within 10 working days of the revocation all materials which were issued as a result of the licensing. Audits. A fleet inspection station shall allow access to Department personnel to conduct audits of the facility, equipment, and personnel. Audits shall be conducted at random and with no prior notification. The Department may: Monitor the emissions inspections conducted by a fleet inspection station; Require re-inspection of a vehicle as a quality control or compliance measure; and Evaluate the ability of a master certified emissions technician to correctly perform an inspection. Record-Keeping Requirements. A fleet inspection station shall maintain the following records, separately and in chronological order, for a period of 3 years: One copy of each certificate issued to each vehicle inspected; Records of quality assurance procedures performed in compliance with the provisions of this regulation; Vehicle repair records; and Additional vehicle test data as required by the Department. The records required in §D(1) of this regulation shall be made available for inspection upon the request of the Department. Inspection Fees. A fleet inspection station shall pay to the contractor the fee established in COMAR. 11.11.05.06 for each official test conducted by the fleet inspection station. A fleet inspection station shall pay to the contractor the fee specified in Regulation .15 of this chapter for an inspection or a reinspection conducted at a vehicle emissions inspection station. A fleet inspection station operated by the State or a county or local government is exempt from the fee in §E(1) of this regulation. Test Equipment and Test Procedures. A fleet inspection station shall: Own or lease test equipment provided by the contractor that meets the requirements of Regulation .12 of this chapter; Provide the Internet and electrical connections needed to operate the test equipment and transmit required data to and from the contractor's central data system; Operate the test equipment according to procedures specified by the Contractor and approved by the Department, using contractor supplied or approved consumables; Allow access to the test equipment for the contractor to perform service or upgrades as needed; and Acquire and maintain any additional equipment specified by the Department as necessary to adequately inspect vehicles. Quality Assurance and Maintenance. A fleet inspection station shall comply with the contractor's quality assurance and maintenance plan, including quality assurance and maintenance procedures conducted by the master certified emissions technician and the contractor. If the test equipment fails any quality assurance checks required under §G(1) of this regulation, the fleet inspection station may not conduct vehicle inspections until all quality assurance checks are subsequently passed. Environment Article, §§1-101, 1-404, 2-101—2-103, and 2-301—2-303;Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 23-202(a), 23-206.2, 23-206.4, and 23-207; Annotated Code of Maryland Effective date: August 17, 1981 (8:16 Md. R. 1366) Regulations .03B, .05—.09, .11—.16 amended effective September 26, 1983 (10:19 Md. R. 1691) Regulations .03B, .08C, D, .09C, .15, and .16 amended effective December 5, 1983 (10:24 Md. R. 2190) Regulations .02, .03, .05, .06, .08, .15, and .16 amended as an emergency provision effective January 25, 1989 (16:3 Md. R. 337) (Emergency provisions are temporary and not printed in COMAR) Regulations .01—.16 repealed effective June 26, 1989 (16:10 Md. R. 1110) Annotation: COMAR 11.14.06 cited in Attorney General Opinion No. 83-042 (September 28, 1983) Chapter recodified from COMAR 11.14.06 to COMAR 11.14.08 and Regulations .01—.21 adopted effective June 26, 1989 (16:10 Md. R. 1110) Regulation .10B amended effective July 1, 1990 (17:10 Md. R. 1220) Regulation .16E amended effective January 1, 1992 (18:25 Md. R. 2753) Regulation .18C amended effective January 1, 1992 (18:25 Md. R. 2753) Regulations .01—.21 repealed and new Regulations .01—.42 adopted effective January 2, 1995 (21:26 Md. R. 2189) Regulation .03B amended and C adopted effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .05B amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .06D amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .09 amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .09-1 adopted effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .10B, C amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .11-1 adopted effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .12 amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .29A amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .30D amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .32 amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Regulation .42 amended effective December 16, 1996 (23:25 Md. R. 1785) Chapter revised effective October 19, 1998 (25:21 Md. R. 1574) Regulation .03E adopted effective June 10, 2002 (29:11 Md. R. 889) Regulation .06A amended effective June 10, 2002 (29:11 Md. R. 889) Regulation .09F amended effective June 10, 2002 (29:11 Md. R. 889) Regulation .12C amended effective June 10, 2002 (29:11 Md. R. 889) Regulation .16D amended effective June 10, 2002 (29:11 Md. R. 889) Chapter revised effective December 14, 2009 (36:25 Md. R. 1955) Regulation .01B amended effective January 1, 2018 (44:25 Md. R. 1180) Regulation .03B amended effective January 1, 2018 (44:25 Md. R. 1180) Regulation .04B amended effective January 1, 2018 (44:25 Md. R. 1180) Regulation .05B amended effective January 1, 2018 (44:25 Md. R. 1180) Regulation .09A amended effective January 1, 2018 (44:25 Md. R. 1180) Chapter revised effective January 23, 2023 (50:1 Md. R. 8) The standards, requirements, and procedures set forth in this chapter are applicable to originally manufactured low speed vehicles with originally installed equipment or equipment manufactured and installed to meet the federal and State requirements for low speed vehicles. Any questions regarding low speed vehicle standards or specifications shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Department of State Police. A low speed vehicle shall comply with federal standards under 49 CFR §571.500. A federal motor vehicle safety certification label shall be affixed to the vehicle identifying it as a “Low Speed Vehicle” for the regulations of this chapter to apply. The vehicle shall be equipped with the manufacturer's owner's/operator's manual at the time the vehicle is undergoing a State inspection. The vehicle owner or agent may be required to present to the inspection station any manufacturer's testing procedures or specifications required for inspection. It is recommended that the vehicle owner or agent, before presenting the vehicle for inspection, charge the battery systems as prescribed by the vehicle manufacturer to ensure the vehicle operates at peak efficiency to prevent unnecessary rejection of components due to a weak or low battery. In this chapter, Surface Vehicle Standards for Low Speed Vehicles, SAE J2358 (Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc., March 2002) is incorporated by reference. Due to the vehicle's required speed limitations and the restricted highways where operation is permitted, a road test is not required. The vehicle, however, must be capable of moving under its own power in and out of the inspection area. The vehicle will be required to function as designed in all operational settings. Observe for any adverse steering, handling, or braking reactions. Steering. Inspect the entire steering system including steering wheel, steering column, lash, linkage, free play, and power steering, if so equipped, for missing, loose, damaged, or worn parts. Steering Wheel. The steering wheel shall be inspected to determine if it is circular (complete rim) and free of cracks, breaks, or objects that will interfere with the safe steering of the vehicle. The inspection must determine that the steering wheel is original equipment or equivalent, including diameter. Steering Column. Inspection of steering column shall be made to determine if there are any missing, broken, or worn parts and if the column is securely attached to vehicle. If equipped with an energy absorbing steering column, inspect to determine if steering column is capable of functioning as designed and shows no indication of having been collapsed. Lash. Travel. Linkage. Power Steering (If so equipped). Linkage Play. Excessive free play causes wheel shimmy, erratic brake action, and steering control problems. Make sure any looseness detected is not wheel bearing free play. Wheel Alignment. Suspension. Inspect the suspension system for missing, broken, damaged, worn, rusted, or modified wheel bearings, ball joints, control arms, springs, torsion bars, or frame that would affect vehicle stability. Frame/Unibody. Ball Joints. In checking for motion of ball joints, check in accordance with manufacturer's procedures and specifications. When required for testing, a 12-inch to 18-inch pry bar shall be utilized which is sufficient to lift the weight of the wheel assembly and prevent excessive pressure or leverage resulting in a possible false reading. Wheel Bearings. Wheel bearings worn or out of adjustment can cause wander, unequal brake action, and noise due to interference of parts. Springs and Torsion Bars. Loose, sagging, or broken springs or torsion bars, worn or deteriorated bushings, loose or extended shackles, and loose or mislocated U-bolts, suspension modifications, or broken center bolts, can cause vehicle handling instability and brake pull. Shock Absorbers and Struts. Hydraulic System. Tests and Visual Inspection Procedures. Results will indicate whether or not a vehicle has reasonably safe brakes at the time of inspection. These procedures are applicable to vehicles equipped with hand controls for the physically handicapped. If equipped with power assisted hydraulic brakes, system shall be functioning as designed. All four wheels shall be removed for brake inspection. Do not remove wheel cylinder dust boots for inspection. Leakage can be determined by pushing on the outside of the boot. Drums and Discs. All four wheels shall be removed for brake inspection. On vehicles equipped with disc brakes some drag can be felt when turning the wheel and tire. This drag is not excessive if the wheel can be turned readily with one hand. Linings and Pads. Remove all wheels and drum assemblies for inspection of linings on drum brakes. On vehicles equipped with disc brakes, only removal of the wheels is necessary. Mechanical Linkage. Mechanical linkage includes the service brake mechanism, parking brake, and manual controls on vehicles equipped for physically handicapped persons. Power Assisted Brake Systems (If so equipped). Parking Brake. Parking Brake Function. A positive locking brake shall be provided. It shall be either a hand or foot operated type mechanism as described in SAE J2358, which is incorporated by reference in Regulation .02 of this chapter. Any parking brake shall hold a stopped vehicle firmly on all normal road grades. Definitions. “Brake system” means a combination of one or more brakes and their related means of operation and control and is equipped with brakes acting on all wheels. “Emergency brake system” means a brake system used for retarding and stopping the vehicle in the event of a malfunction in the service brake system. This function may be performed by the parking brake system or by a portion of the service brake system, or by a separate brake system. “Parking brake system” means a brake system used to hold and maintain a vehicle in a stationary position with a positive mechanical means employed to hold the brake applied when the vehicle is unattended. “Pedal reserve”, as applied to hydraulic, mechanical, or power-assisted hydraulic brakes, means the amount of total pedal travel left in reserve when the pedal is depressed to the brake-applied position. The pedal reserve check is to ascertain the degree of the brake adjustment and to demonstrate satisfactory brake actuating system condition. “Service brake system” means a brake system used for retarding, stopping, and controlling the vehicle under normal operating conditions. “Stopping distance” means the distance traveled by a vehicle from the point of application of force to the brake control, to the point at which the vehicle reaches a full stop. This inspection requires the vehicle to be raised on an approved lift. Bumpers are not required on low speed vehicles. However, if so equipped, they shall be inspected for broken or missing parts, sharp edges, or other conditions that could be hazardous to individuals. The bumpers shall be securely mounted to the vehicle. A low speed vehicle shall be equipped with fender coverage of front and rear wheels. Inspection shall include condition, mounting, and coverage of wheels and tires. Definitions. “Asymmetrical beam (nonsymmetrical)” means a beam in which both sides are not symmetrical with respect to the median vertical plane of the beam. All lower beams are asymmetrical. “Auxiliary driving lamp, auxiliary upper beam lamp, or auxiliary high beam lamp” means a lighting device mounted to provide illumination forward of the vehicle and intended to supplement the upper beam of a standard headlamp system. It is not intended for use alone or with the lower beam of a standard headlamp system. “Backup lamp” means a lamp used to provide illumination behind the vehicle, and to provide an indicator when the vehicle is in reverse gear. “Charge indicator” means a light, gauge, or other source indicating battery charge remaining. “Cornering lamp” means a steadily burning lamp used when the turn signal system is operating to supplement the headlamps by providing additional road illumination in the direction of the turn. “Emergency warning lamp” means a lamp that provides a flashing light to identify an authorized vehicle on an emergency mission. The emergency signal may be an oscillating lamp, a rotating beacon, or pairs of alternately or simultaneously flashing lamps. “Fog lamp” means a lamp that may be used with the lower beam headlights to provide illumination under condition of rain, snow, dust, or fog. “Hazard warning lamp” means a turn signal lamp that flashes simultaneously to warn of the presence of a vehicular hazard. Headlamps. 5 3/4 Inch Round Sealed Beam Unit. “Type 1 sealed beam” means a sealed beam unit 5 3/4 inches in diameter having a single filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. This unit is identified by the number 1 on the lens and is aimed on the upper beam. “Type 2 sealed beam unit” means a sealed beam unit 5 3/4 inches in diameter having two filaments, one filament providing the lower beam and one filament providing fill-in light for the upper beam. This unit is identified by the number 2 on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. "7 inch round sealed beam unit" means a sealed beam unit 7 inches in diameter providing an upper and lower beam. This unit is identified by the number 2 on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. If there is no identifying number on the lens, it means the sealed beam unit is 7 inches in diameter providing upper and lower beams. "8 inch by 5 inch rectangular sealed beam unit" means a sealed beam unit providing an upper and lower beam. This unit is identified by the number 2B on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. 6 1/2 by 4 1/4 Inch Rectangular Sealed Beam Unit. “Type 1A” means a sealed beam unit having a single filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the number 1A on the lens and is aimed on the upper beam. “Type 2A” means a sealed beam unit having two filaments, one of which provides fill-in light for the upper beam. This unit is identified by the number 2A on the lens and is aimed on the lower beam. 5.93 X 3.64 inch Rectangular Sealed Beam Units. “Type LF” means a sealed beam unit having a single beam filament and providing only a lower beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the designation LF on the lens. “Type UF” means a sealed beam unit having a single beam filament and providing only an upper beam distribution of light. The unit is identified by the designation UF on the lens. “Replaceable bulb headlamp” means a headlamp unit comprised of one or two replaceable standard light sources such as a bulb and a headlamp housing or a lens/reflector unit. “Headlamp lower beam” means a distribution of light as directed to avoid glare in the eyes of oncoming drivers while providing illumination ahead of the vehicle, and intended for use in congested areas and on highways when meeting other vehicles within a distance of 500 feet. “Headlamp upper beam” means a distribution of light intended primarily for distant illumination and for use on the open highway when not meeting other vehicles. “Indicator lamp” means a lamp visible to the operator of a vehicle that indicates: Appropriate electrical circuits are in operation; Malfunction of vehicle performance; and Requirement for remedial action by the operator of the vehicle. “Lamp” means a device used to produce artificial light. “Lane changer” means a device, usually incorporated in the turn signal switch, which will actuate the turn signal lamps when held by the driver. It is intended for momentary use for signaling a lane change. When released by the operator, it will return to neutral and deactivate the signal lamp. “License-plate lamp” means a lamp used to illuminate the license plate on the rear of a vehicle. “Operating units or switches” means devices by which the functioning of lamps is controlled. “Parking lamp” means lamps used to designate the front of a parked vehicle. “Reflective device” means a device used on vehicles to give an indication to an approaching driver by reflected light from the headlamps of approaching vehicles. “SAE Lighting Identification Code” means a series of standardized markings for lighting devices that a manufacturer or a supplier may use to mark a product to indicate the SAE lighting standard or standards to which the device is designed to conform. The code is not intended to limit the manufacturer or supplier in applying other markings to the devices. “Sealed beam headlamp assembly” means a major lighting device used to provide general illumination ahead of the vehicle. It consists of the following: One or more sealed beam units (bulb assembly); Means for mounting securely to the vehicle; and Means to permit required aim adjustment. “Sealed beam unit” means an integral and hermetically sealed optical assembly with the name “Sealed Beam” molded in the lens. “Side marker lamp” means a lamp on the left and right sides, beamed to the side and intended to indicate vehicle length. They are located near the front and rear on each side and, for vehicles 30 feet or more in overall length, are also located at the midpoint (intermediate side marker). “Stop lamp” means a lamp giving a steady warning light to the rear of the vehicle, to indicate the intention of the operator of the vehicle to reduce speed or stop. “Symmetrical beam” means one in which both sides are symmetrical with respect to the median vertical plane of the beam. Lamps having symmetrical beams are: 5 3/4 inch diameter type 1, 1C, or 1C1; 5 3/4 inch diameter type 2, 2C, or 2C1 (upper beam filament); 6 1/2 by 4 1/4 inch type 1A or 1A1; 6 1/2 by 4 1/4 inch type 2A, 2A1, 2G1, 2E1, or 2H1 (upper beam filament); 8 by 5 inch type 2B or 2B1 (upper beam filament); All 7 inch diameter units (upper beam filament); and Replaceable bulb headlamp (upper beam filament). “Tail lamp” means a lamp used to designate the rear of a vehicle. “Turn signal lamp” means a lamp that provides a flashing warning light to indicate the intended direction of the turn. Agency Note: The following are some examples of replaceable bulb headlamps, Type—HB1—9004 (low and high beam); HB2—9003 (low and high beam); HB3—9005 (high beam); HB4—9006 (low beam); and HB5—9007 (low and high beam). For more information and a complete list of replaceable bulb headlamps, consult an automotive lighting reference or specification guide, or vehicle manufacturer. General Lamp and Reflector Inspection. This includes all original or required equipment, exterior lighting plus whatever lights are authorized. Aim Inspection. Headlamps. Only low beam headlamps are currently required on low speed vehicles. If a low speed vehicle is equipped with high and low beam headlamps, both lamps are required to function. A low beam headlamp shall have a minimum of 3,500 candlepower and a high beam headlamp a minimum of 5,000 candlepower. Headlamps that incorporate both high and low beam in the same assembly will be aligned on low beam. Headlamp inspection and aiming by computer image processing method requires a level area sufficient for the vehicle and test equipment. The test equipment shall be accurately calibrated to the floor and accurately aligned to the vehicle. High Beam. Required to function, if so equipped. Inspect aim of high beam lamp only if high beam lamp has separate adjustment from low beam lamp. Non-Headlamps. Lighting installed by the vehicle manufacturer and used as headlamps, which are not properly marked as headlamps, excluding multibeam road lighting (high and low beam headlamps) that are improperly marked, or are types of lamps identified as other than headlamps. See Agency Note in §C Headlamps. Fog Lamp and Auxiliary Driving Lamps. Only one spot lamp is allowed. It is not considered an auxiliary driving lamp and has no set mounting height by law. Therefore, it need not be inspected. If a vehicle is equipped with either fog lamps or auxiliary driving lamps, they shall be properly aimed. Fog lamps shall be mounted on the front of the vehicle at a height not more than 30 inches or less than 12 inches above the level surface on which the vehicle stands. Only two fog lamps are allowed by law. Auxiliary driving lamps shall be mounted on the front of the vehicle at a height not more than 42 inches or less than 16 inches above the level surface on which the vehicle stands. Only two auxiliary lamps are allowed by law. The mounting heights of auxiliary driving lamps do not apply to emergency vehicles. Whenever a motor vehicle equipped with required headlamps also is equipped with any auxiliary lamps or a spot lamp or any other lamp on its front, projecting a beam of intensity greater than 300 candlepower, not more than four of these lamps on the front of a vehicle may be lighted at any one time when on a highway. SAE Identification Code (J759 SAE Handbook). The following list is an identifying code for lights and signaling devices: All equipment for testing headlamps shall comply with the Society of Automotive Engineers Recommended Practice for Headlamp Inspection Equipment. The electrical system includes the key/ignition switch, battery pack, power cables, wiring, and necessary connections to power the unit, lighting system, and accessories. Outside Mirrors. As required by 49 CFR §571.500, all vehicles shall be equipped with an exterior mirror mounted on the driver's side of the vehicle and either an exterior mirror mounted on the passenger's side of the vehicle or an interior mirror. Inside Mirrors. All vehicles not equipped with an inside rearview mirror shall be equipped with an exterior mirror mounted on the passenger side. The inside rearview mirror shall be adjustable and equipped with clear view glass providing a clear stable reflected view 200 feet to the rear. As required under Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, 49 CFR §571.500 “Low Speed Vehicles”, all low speed vehicles shall be equipped with a windshield that conforms to the federal motor vehicle safety standard on glazing materials, 49 CFR §571.205. Windshields of low speed vehicles must meet the ANSI/SAE Z26.1 —1996 specifications for either AS-1 or AS-4 glazing (incorporated by reference; see 49 CFR §571.5). Safety glazing is marked with the manufacturer's trademark and the letters “AS” followed by a number from 1 through 16B. Only AS-1 or AS-4 composition may be used in the windshield. Safety glazing for 1966 and later models also has a glass manufacturer's model number or a DOT (Department of Transportation) code number. Any questions regarding glazing shall be referred to the Automotive Safety Enforcement Division of the Department of State Police. Definitions. “Cloudiness” means any degree of visible discoloration or separation, except tinting that does not affect clear vision. “Critical area” means the normal windshield wiper sweep, except the area obscured by hood, fenders, or rearview mirror. “Non-critical area” means all windshield area outside the critical area. “Normal windshield wiper sweep” means the area of windshield cleaned by the windshield wiper, excluding return position on both passenger's and driver's side. Proper Marking. Inspect glass for proper markings. Glazing Damage. The windshield wipers shall be inspected for operation, control, condition of blades and arms, or any missing part. Vehicle manufacturers may design vehicle to be equipped with only one windshield wiper. Inspection shall consist of operation and presence of hinges, latches, release mechanisms, safety catches, or fasteners, if so equipped, insuring that the hood encloses the motor compartment. Inspection of doors, handles, latches, and hinges applies to all vehicles originally manufactured with doors and all other vehicles that are equipped with doors. Floor and trunk pans shall be inspected for structural integrity and general condition. Speedometer and odometer shall be inspected to determine if they are connected and speedometer is operable. The dial and speed increments of speedometer are legible, and calibrated in miles or kilometers. The vehicle shall provide securely fastened seating arrangements, including a backrest for each intended occupant. The driver's seat shall be inspected for proper operation of the adjusting mechanism, along with any adjustable passenger seat if so equipped. As required under Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 49 CFR §571.500, Standard No. 500 Low Speed Vehicles, all low speed vehicles shall be equipped with a Type 1 or Type 2 seat belt assembly conforming to §571.209 of this part, Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 209, Seat belt assemblies, installed at each designated seating position. Seat belt assembly means any strap, webbing, or similar device designed to secure a person in a motor vehicle in order to mitigate the results of an accident, including all necessary buckles and other fasteners, and all hardware designed for installing the seat belt assembly in a motor vehicle. Motor, transaxle, and transmission mounts include any mounting or securing device designed to hold the motor, transaxle, or transmission in a stable position. Inspect the directional control and reverse warning device. Constant velocity joints are generally found on drive axles. Universal joints are generally found on drive shafts and drive axles of vehicles. Modifications—The controlling party, owner, person, or organization responsible for the conduct of the operator and maintenance of the low speed vehicle may not perform, or allow to be performed, any modifications or additions which affect capacity, safe operation, maximum speed, or any change not in accordance with the operator's manual without the manufacturer's prior written authorization. Where authorized modifications have been made, the controlling party shall ensure that capacity, operation, warning, and maintenance instruction plates, tags, and decals are changed accordingly. Modifications are described in SAE J2358, which is incorporated by reference in Regulation .02 of this chapter. As required under Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards 49 CFR §571.500, Standard No. 500 Low Speed Vehicles, the manufacturers of all low speed vehicles shall legibly inscribe the vehicle identification number (VIN) that conforms to the requirements of 49 CFR Part 565 Vehicle Identification Number. Each VIN shall consist of 17 characters. The federal motor vehicle safety certification label shall be affixed to the vehicle and identify it as a Low Speed Vehicle for the regulations under this chapter to apply. Safety signs, when installed by the vehicle manufacturer, shall be permanently affixed to the vehicle and visible to the operator and occupants as designed by the vehicle manufacturer. Low Speed Vehicle Disclosure Decal. A low speed vehicle disclosure decal shall be permanently affixed to the underside of the roof of the vehicle near the windshield on the driver's side. This decal shall be approximately 3 inches high by 5 inches wide and contain the disclosure statement information noted below. Transportation Article, §§12-104(b), 21-1104(d), 22-101, and 23-101—23-105, Annotated Code of Maryland; 49 CFR §571.500 Effective date: Regulations .01—.27 adopted as an emergency provision effective January 1, 2006 (33:4 Md. R. 349); emergency provision extended at 33:15 Md. R. 1275; emergency status expired December 28, 2006 Regulations .01—.27 adopted as an emergency provision effective March 9, 2007 (34:9 Md. R. 824); emergency provision expired September 5, 2007 Regulations .01—.26 adopted effective September 10, 2007 (34:18 Md. R. 1580)